Biology

Human Immunity and Blood

2,096 Questions

Human immunity and blood questions cover the physiological mechanisms protecting the body against diseases and the components of blood. Topics include blood groups, cell mediated immunity, monoclonal antibodies, and blood coagulation. These biology topics frequently appear in general science sections of competitive exams.

Blood groupsCell mediated immunityMonoclonal antibodiesBlood coagulationCancer immunology

Human Immunity and Blood Questions

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense human lymphatic system lymph and its function lymph and tissue fluid

Which one is called graveyard of RBC's?

  1. Liver

  2. Kidney

  3. Heart

  4. Spleen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Spleen is called the graveyard of RBCs because after completion of lifespan, RBCs are destroyed in spleen where they are ingested by free macrophages. About 2.5 million of RBCs are destructed in one second. After ingestion of RBCs by macrophages, the haemoglobin is dissociated into haem and globin. Iron of haem is released which is further used in process of formation of blood. The haem is converted into bilirubin, a yellow or brown pigment.
So, the correct answer is 'Spleen'.
Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense human lymphatic system lymph and its function lymph and tissue fluid

Amount of blood which can be stored in spleen is

  1. 200 ml

  2. 100 ml

  3. 50 ml

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ which is located under the ribcage and above the stomach in the abdomen. On an average, an adult human body contains 5.6 liters of blood out of which nearly 200ml blood can be stored in the spleen and released in cases of hypovolemia(low blood volume) and hypoxia (low oxygen levels). 
So, the correct answer is ' 200ml '.

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense human lymphatic system lymph and its function lymph and tissue fluid

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
The lymph consists of:

  1. plasma

  2. leucocytes

  3. plasma and leucocytes

  4. plasma and erythrocytes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Lymph is a fluid which flows through the lymphatic system of the body and takes part in transportation. Lymph is formed by the seepage of blood plasma, proteins, and few blood cells through the pores of capillaries.
  • Lymph transports protein, fats and other nutrients from the digestive system. Lymph also collects bacteria and other pathogens from the bloodstream and brings to the lymph nodes to destroy them. Lymph mainly contains blood plasma with some white blood cells.
So, the correct option is 'Plasma and leucocytes'.

Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

A chemical which damages WBC, bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes and lungs is

  1. $Iodine^{131}$
  2. $Calcium$
  3. $Strontium^{90}$
  4. $Iodine^{127}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Radioactive $I^{131}$ gets concentrated in the thyroid gland like ordinary iodine ($I^{127}$). Radioactive $Sr^{90}$ is mistaken for calcium and enters bones to cause bone cancer. It also causes damage to WBCs, bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes, etc. It impairs eyesight and produces sterility, skin cancer and lung tumors.
Thus, the correct answer is option (C), '$Strontium^{90}$'.

Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

Persons with thrombocytopenia have a tendency to bleed from capillaries all over their bodies, their skin is covered with many small purple blotches called

  1. Petechiae

  2. Ptosis

  3. Release reaction

  4. Vasoconstriction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A petechia is a small (1 - 2 mm) red or purple spot on the skin, caused by a minor haemorrhage (broken capillary blood vessels). The flat round red spots formed under the skin due to bleeding are known as petechiae. They are red due to the leakage of blood from the capillaries.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

A patient suffering from splenomegaly undergoes splenectomy. Which of the following processes will be affected?

  1. RBC production will be stopped.

  2. Removal of old RBC will be impaired.

  3. Decreases in antibody production.

  4. Generation of B cells will be stopped.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Splenomegaly is a condition of enlargement of the spleen. This is a condition of overload that suggests overload. It is called so because as the spleen grows its main function is to destroy or remove the old RBC and abnormal RBC and also prevents the infections by producing white blood cells. 
So in the condition of splenomegaly the removal of RBC will be impaired.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry aids to health immunity and the lines of immunity immune system of the body immunity and blood groups

Consider the following statements about phagocytes in man. 
1) They provide the second line of defense. 
2) They can recognize and distinguish between self and non-self. 
3) They have antigen receptor.
Which of the above statements are true?

  1. Only 1 and 2

  2. Only 1 and 3

  3. Only 2 and 3

  4. All are true
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Phagocytes are the type of cells present inside the body capable of engulfing bacteria and other small cells in the body and provide second line defense. It means that they destroy invaders in a generalized way and activate via antigen receptors that bind to an antibody attached to antigen without recognizing between self and non-self.

So the correct option is "Only 1 and 3".

Multiple choice bio-chemistry aids to health immunity and the lines of immunity immune system of the body immunity and blood groups

Note the following :
(A) Skin                               (B) Phagocytes
(C) Antibodies                     (D) Inflammation 
(E) Antibodies                     (F) T- cells
(G) Fever                            (H) Antimicrobial proteins
(I) NK-cells                          (J) Secretions 
Identify the factors involved in $2^{nd}$ line of defence

  1. (B), (D), (G) and (I)

  2. (B), (C), (E) and (I)

  3. (D), (F), (H) and (J)

  4. (C), (E), (G) and (H)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The second line of defense in the immune system is innate and non-specific, including phagocytes (B), inflammation (D), fever (G), and NK-cells (I). Antibodies (C, E) are part of the third line of defense.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry aids to health immunity and the lines of immunity immune system of the body immunity and blood groups

An organism's immune system will rapidly respond to an antigen it has seen before. This secondary response activates a subset of lymphoid cells leading to a rise in antibody titer.

The subpopulation responsible for the initiation of this response is the

  1. Memory B-cell.

  2. Memory T-cell.

  3. NK-cell.

  4. Plasma cell.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation



Organism's immune system respond to an antigen rapidly to an antigen that it has tackled before, this is called secondary response/immunity. These cells are memory B cells, that get activated/proliferate in response to helper T cells 
So, the correct answer is 'Memory B-cell'

Multiple choice evs transportation in living organisms circulatory system and organs blood and blood vessels circulatory system blood pressure

Wall of blood capillary is formed of

  1. Haemocytes

  2. Parietal cells

  3. Endothelial cells

  4. Oxyntic cells.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The wall of a blood capillary is extremely thin, consisting only of a single layer of squamous endothelial cells. This structure is essential for the efficient exchange of substances between blood and tissues.

Multiple choice zoology some common diseases diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

In sickle cell anaemia the deformity is in

  1. WBCs

  2. Platelets

  3. RBCs

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Normal RBCs are disc-shaped and can move easily through the blood vessels. RBCs contain haemoglobin, which carries oxygen from lungs to rest of the body. Sickle cells contain abnormal haemoglobin called sickle haemoglobin or haemoglobin S. This causes the RBCs to develop sickle or crescent shape. These cells are stiff and sticky and tend to block the blood flow in the blood vessels, which can cause pain and organ damage and also increased the risk for infection. So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice evs - i busy at work - our internal organs human lymphatic system lymph and its function lymph and tissue fluid

Between which one of the following sets of blood, in the transfusion  possible ?

  1. A and O (A donor)

  2. B and A (B donor)

  3. A and AB (A donor)

  4. AB and O (AB donor)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Blood transfusion is possible when the donor's antigens do not react with the recipient's antibodies. Type A blood can be donated to an AB recipient because AB lacks anti-A antibodies.