Biology

Human Immunity and Blood

2,096 Questions

Human immunity and blood questions cover the physiological mechanisms protecting the body against diseases and the components of blood. Topics include blood groups, cell mediated immunity, monoclonal antibodies, and blood coagulation. These biology topics frequently appear in general science sections of competitive exams.

Blood groupsCell mediated immunityMonoclonal antibodiesBlood coagulationCancer immunology

Human Immunity and Blood Questions

Multiple choice

What is the difference between humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity?

  1. Humoral immunity is mediated by antibodies, while cell-mediated immunity is mediated by T cells

  2. Humoral immunity is effective against extracellular pathogens, while cell-mediated immunity is effective against intracellular pathogens

  3. Humoral immunity is short-lived, while cell-mediated immunity is long-lived

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Humoral immunity is mediated by antibodies, while cell-mediated immunity is mediated by T cells. Humoral immunity is effective against extracellular pathogens, while cell-mediated immunity is effective against intracellular pathogens. Humoral immunity is short-lived, while cell-mediated immunity is long-lived.

Multiple choice

What is the role of cytokines in the immune response to antigens?

  1. To activate and regulate immune cells

  2. To promote the differentiation of B cells into plasma cells

  3. To stimulate the production of antibodies

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cytokines are small proteins that activate and regulate immune cells, promote the differentiation of B cells into plasma cells, and stimulate the production of antibodies.

Multiple choice

What is the difference between an immune complex and an immune precipitate?

  1. An immune complex is a soluble complex of antigen and antibody, while an immune precipitate is an insoluble complex of antigen and antibody

  2. An immune complex is formed in the fluid phase, while an immune precipitate is formed on a cell surface

  3. An immune complex is smaller than an immune precipitate

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

An immune complex is a soluble complex of antigen and antibody, while an immune precipitate is an insoluble complex of antigen and antibody. An immune complex is formed in the fluid phase, while an immune precipitate is formed on a cell surface. An immune complex is smaller than an immune precipitate.

Multiple choice

What is the role of complement proteins in the immune response to antigens?

  1. To lyse infected cells

  2. To opsonize antigens for phagocytosis

  3. To activate the inflammatory response

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Complement proteins lyse infected cells, opsonize antigens for phagocytosis, and activate the inflammatory response.

Multiple choice

Which cells are responsible for recognizing and attacking foreign invaders?

  1. Red blood cells

  2. White blood cells

  3. Platelets

  4. Plasma cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

White blood cells, specifically lymphocytes, are responsible for recognizing and attacking foreign invaders through various mechanisms.

Multiple choice

Which type of immune response involves the production of antibodies?

  1. Innate immunity

  2. Adaptive immunity

  3. Humoral immunity

  4. Cell-mediated immunity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Humoral immunity involves the production of antibodies by B cells, which are specific proteins that recognize and neutralize foreign antigens.

Multiple choice

Which immune cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity?

  1. B cells

  2. T cells

  3. Natural killer cells

  4. Macrophages
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

T cells, specifically cytotoxic T cells, are responsible for cell-mediated immunity by directly killing infected cells and tumor cells.

Multiple choice

What does HELLP stand for?

  1. Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

  2. Hemolytic Elevated Liver Enzymes and Low Platelets

  3. Hypertension, Elevated Liver Enzymes, and Low Platelets

  4. Hemoglobin, Elevated Liver Enzymes, and Low Platelets
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

HELLP syndrome is characterized by a triad of symptoms: hypertension, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets.

Multiple choice

Which type of white blood cell is responsible for engulfing and destroying foreign particles?

  1. Neutrophils

  2. Lymphocytes

  3. Monocytes

  4. Eosinophils
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are responsible for phagocytosis, the process of engulfing and destroying foreign particles.

Multiple choice

Which type of white blood cell is responsible for producing antibodies?

  1. Neutrophils

  2. Lymphocytes

  3. Monocytes

  4. Eosinophils
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Lymphocytes are responsible for producing antibodies, which are proteins that bind to and neutralize foreign substances.

Multiple choice

What is an antigen?

  1. A protein that is produced by the immune system

  2. A foreign substance that triggers an immune response

  3. A type of white blood cell

  4. A substance that regulates the immune response
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

An antigen is a foreign substance, such as a bacterium, virus, or toxin, that triggers an immune response.

Multiple choice

Which type of immune response is responsible for destroying infected cells?

  1. Humoral immunity

  2. Cell-mediated immunity

  3. Innate immunity

  4. Adaptive immunity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cell-mediated immunity is responsible for destroying infected cells by releasing cytotoxic substances that kill the infected cells.

Multiple choice

Which type of immune response is responsible for producing antibodies?

  1. Humoral immunity

  2. Cell-mediated immunity

  3. Innate immunity

  4. Adaptive immunity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Humoral immunity is responsible for producing antibodies, which bind to and neutralize foreign substances.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a type of white blood cell?

  1. Neutrophils

  2. Lymphocytes

  3. Monocytes

  4. Platelets
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Platelets are not a type of white blood cell. They are involved in blood clotting.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a type of antibody?

  1. IgG

  2. IgA

  3. IgM

  4. IgD
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

IgD is not a type of antibody. It is a type of immunoglobulin that is found on the surface of B cells.