Biology

Human Immunity and Blood

2,096 Questions

Human immunity and blood questions cover the physiological mechanisms protecting the body against diseases and the components of blood. Topics include blood groups, cell mediated immunity, monoclonal antibodies, and blood coagulation. These biology topics frequently appear in general science sections of competitive exams.

Blood groupsCell mediated immunityMonoclonal antibodiesBlood coagulationCancer immunology

Human Immunity and Blood Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a type of leukemia characterized by the rapid growth of abnormal lymphocytes?

  1. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

  2. Acute Myeloid Leukemia

  3. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

  4. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is a type of leukemia that affects the lymphoid cells, which are a type of white blood cell. It is characterized by the rapid growth of abnormal lymphocytes, leading to a high count of these cells in the blood and bone marrow.

Multiple choice

What is the primary treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children?

  1. Chemotherapy

  2. Radiation Therapy

  3. Stem Cell Transplant

  4. Targeted Therapy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Chemotherapy is the primary treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. It involves the use of powerful drugs to kill leukemia cells and achieve remission.

Multiple choice

Which blood disorder is characterized by the overproduction of white blood cells?

  1. Leukemia

  2. Anemia

  3. Thrombocytopenia

  4. Hemophilia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Leukemia is a blood disorder characterized by the overproduction of white blood cells. These abnormal white blood cells can interfere with the normal function of the immune system and lead to various complications.

Multiple choice

What is the most common type of leukemia in adults?

  1. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

  2. Acute Myeloid Leukemia

  3. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

  4. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is the most common type of leukemia in adults. It is characterized by the accumulation of abnormal lymphocytes in the blood, bone marrow, and lymph nodes.

Multiple choice

What is the primary treatment for sickle cell anemia?

  1. Blood Transfusions

  2. Hydroxyurea

  3. Stem Cell Transplant

  4. Iron Supplementation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Hydroxyurea is the primary treatment for sickle cell anemia. It is a medication that helps prevent the sickling of red blood cells and reduces the frequency and severity of complications.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a type of leukemia characterized by the rapid growth of abnormal myeloid cells?

  1. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

  2. Acute Myeloid Leukemia

  3. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

  4. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a type of leukemia characterized by the rapid growth of abnormal myeloid cells, which are a type of white blood cell. It is an aggressive form of leukemia that requires prompt treatment.

Multiple choice

What is the primary treatment for chronic lymphocytic leukemia?

  1. Chemotherapy

  2. Radiation Therapy

  3. Stem Cell Transplant

  4. Targeted Therapy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Targeted therapy is the primary treatment for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. These drugs specifically target the abnormal proteins or molecules involved in the growth and survival of leukemia cells.

Multiple choice

Which blood type is known as the universal donor?

  1. A+

  2. O+

  3. B+

  4. AB+
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Blood type O+ is known as the universal donor because it can be safely transfused to patients of all blood types.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a potential complication of blood transfusion?

  1. Hemolytic reaction

  2. Anaphylactic reaction

  3. Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Hemolytic reaction, anaphylactic reaction, and transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) are all potential complications of blood transfusion.

Multiple choice

What is the role of white blood cells in the immune system?

  1. Producing antibodies

  2. Digesting food

  3. Transporting oxygen

  4. Storing energy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

White blood cells, also known as leukocytes, play a crucial role in the immune system by producing antibodies that recognize and attack foreign invaders.

Multiple choice

Which type of T cell is responsible for recognizing and killing infected cells?

  1. Cytotoxic T cells (Tc cells)

  2. Helper T cells (Th cells)

  3. Regulatory T cells (Treg cells)

  4. Memory T cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cytotoxic T cells, also known as killer T cells, are responsible for recognizing and eliminating infected cells or cancerous cells by releasing cytotoxic molecules that induce cell death.

Multiple choice

What is the role of Helper T cells (Th cells) in the immune response?

  1. Directly killing infected cells

  2. Producing antibodies

  3. Activating other immune cells

  4. Suppressing immune responses
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Helper T cells play a crucial role in coordinating immune responses by releasing cytokines that activate other immune cells, such as cytotoxic T cells, B cells, and macrophages.

Multiple choice

What is the process by which T cells become activated?

  1. Antigen presentation

  2. Cytokine signaling

  3. Cell-cell contact

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

T cell activation is a complex process that involves antigen presentation by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), cytokine signaling, and cell-cell contact between T cells and APCs.

Multiple choice

Which molecule is responsible for presenting antigens to T cells?

  1. MHC class I molecules

  2. MHC class II molecules

  3. TCR (T cell receptor)

  4. CD8
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
Correct answer
Explanation

Antigens are presented to T cells by MHC (major histocompatibility complex) molecules. MHC class I molecules present antigens to CD8+ T cells, while MHC class II molecules present antigens to CD4+ T cells.

Multiple choice

What is the role of the TCR (T cell receptor) in T cell activation?

  1. Recognizing antigens

  2. Binding to MHC molecules

  3. Transducing signals into the cell

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The TCR is responsible for recognizing antigens presented by MHC molecules, binding to them, and transducing signals into the T cell, leading to its activation.