Biology

Human Immunity and Blood

2,096 Questions

Human immunity and blood questions cover the physiological mechanisms protecting the body against diseases and the components of blood. Topics include blood groups, cell mediated immunity, monoclonal antibodies, and blood coagulation. These biology topics frequently appear in general science sections of competitive exams.

Blood groupsCell mediated immunityMonoclonal antibodiesBlood coagulationCancer immunology

Human Immunity and Blood Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is responsible for the production of antibodies?

  1. B cells

  2. T cells

  3. Macrophages

  4. Neutrophils
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

B cells are responsible for the production of antibodies, which are proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens.

Multiple choice

Which type of T cell is responsible for killing infected cells?

  1. Cytotoxic T cells

  2. Helper T cells

  3. Regulatory T cells

  4. Memory T cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cytotoxic T cells are responsible for killing infected cells by releasing cytotoxic molecules that induce apoptosis.

Multiple choice

What is the role of macrophages in the immune system?

  1. Antibody production

  2. Cell-mediated immunity

  3. Phagocytosis

  4. Inflammation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Macrophages are phagocytic cells that engulf and destroy foreign particles, including bacteria, viruses, and cellular debris.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is responsible for the production of cytokines?

  1. B cells

  2. T cells

  3. Macrophages

  4. Neutrophils
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

T cells are responsible for the production of cytokines, which are small proteins that regulate the immune response.

Multiple choice

What is the role of the thymus in the immune system?

  1. Production of antibodies

  2. Maturation of T cells

  3. Phagocytosis

  4. Inflammation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The thymus is a primary lymphoid organ where T cells mature and undergo selection to ensure self-tolerance.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is responsible for the production of memory cells?

  1. B cells

  2. T cells

  3. Macrophages

  4. Neutrophils
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
Correct answer
Explanation

Both B cells and T cells can differentiate into memory cells, which provide long-term immunity to specific pathogens.

Multiple choice

What is the role of the spleen in the immune system?

  1. Production of antibodies

  2. Maturation of T cells

  3. Filtration of blood

  4. Storage of red blood cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The spleen is a secondary lymphoid organ that filters blood, removing pathogens and damaged cells.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is responsible for the production of natural killer cells?

  1. Bone marrow

  2. Thymus

  3. Spleen

  4. Lymph nodes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Natural killer cells are produced in the bone marrow and are responsible for killing infected cells and tumor cells.

Multiple choice

What is the role of the complement system in the immune response?

  1. Antibody production

  2. Cell-mediated immunity

  3. Phagocytosis

  4. Inflammation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The complement system is a group of proteins that work together to promote inflammation, enhance phagocytosis, and directly kill pathogens.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is responsible for the production of interferon?

  1. B cells

  2. T cells

  3. Macrophages

  4. Natural killer cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
Correct answer
Explanation

Macrophages and natural killer cells produce interferon, a cytokine that inhibits viral replication and activates other immune cells.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is responsible for the production of histamine?

  1. B cells

  2. T cells

  3. Mast cells

  4. Neutrophils
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Mast cells are responsible for the production of histamine, a chemical mediator that promotes inflammation and allergic reactions.

Multiple choice

What is the role of the Peyer's patches in the immune system?

  1. Production of antibodies

  2. Maturation of T cells

  3. Filtration of blood

  4. Sampling of intestinal antigens
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Peyer's patches are lymphoid tissues located in the small intestine that sample intestinal antigens and initiate immune responses.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a common method for cell counting in cell culture?

  1. Hemocytometer

  2. Flow cytometry

  3. Spectrophotometry

  4. Colony counting
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Hemocytometer is a widely used method for cell counting in cell culture, involving the use of a specialized counting chamber to manually count cells under a microscope.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a component of the classical complement pathway?

  1. C3

  2. C4

  3. C1q

  4. Factor B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Factor B is a component of the alternative complement pathway, not the classical pathway.

Multiple choice

Which complement protein is responsible for opsonization, enhancing phagocytosis by immune cells?

  1. C3a

  2. C3b

  3. C4

  4. C5a
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

C3b is the complement protein that binds to foreign cell surfaces, marking them for phagocytosis by immune cells.