Biology

Human Immunity and Blood

2,096 Questions

Human immunity and blood questions cover the physiological mechanisms protecting the body against diseases and the components of blood. Topics include blood groups, cell mediated immunity, monoclonal antibodies, and blood coagulation. These biology topics frequently appear in general science sections of competitive exams.

Blood groupsCell mediated immunityMonoclonal antibodiesBlood coagulationCancer immunology

Human Immunity and Blood Questions

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

The factor which initiates intrinsic pathway of blood clotting and triggers cascade reaction is

  1. Antihaemophiliac factor (VIII)

  2. Christmas factor (IX)

  3. Stuart-Prower factor (X)

  4. Hageman's factor (XII).
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Hageman's factor (Factor XII) is the contact activation factor that initiates the intrinsic pathway of the blood coagulation cascade when it comes into contact with exposed collagen or other negatively charged surfaces.

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

Thrombokinase is associated with

  1. Elimination of area and other excretory products from the body

  2. Production of erythrocytes from the bone marrow

  3. Pulmonary and systemic circulation

  4. Cardiac cycle and its regulation

  5. Enzymatic reactions in coagulation of blood.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Thrombokinase (also known as thromboplastin) is an enzyme that plays a critical role in the coagulation cascade by converting prothrombin into thrombin. This process is essential for blood clotting.

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

Thrombokinase is associated with

  1. Ellimination of urea and other excreatory products from the body.

  2. Production of erythrocytes from the bone marrow.

  3. Pulmonary and systematic circulation.

  4. Cardiac cycle and its regulation

  5. Enzymatic reactions in coagulation of blood.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Thrombokinase is a substance present in platelets which are necessary for coagulation of blood. Thromboplastin helps in the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin in the presence of calcium which is the vital step in coagulation of blood.

Hence, the correct option is E.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas

Which cells of 'Crypts of Lieberkuhn' secrete antibacterial lysozyme?

  1. paneth cells

  2. Zymogen cells

  3. Kupffer cells

  4. Argentaffin cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Paneth cells are located at the base of the Crypts of Lieberkuhn in the small intestine. They secrete antimicrobial substances, including lysozyme, to regulate the gut microbiome.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas

Which cells of 'Crypts of Lieberkuhn' secrete antibaterial lysozyme?

  1. Paneth cells

  2. Zymogen cells

  3. Kupffer cells

  4. Argentaffin cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Paneth cells are present in the mucosa between the bases of villi of small intestine (Crypts of Lieberkuhn). The function of these cells is to secrete antibacterial lysozyme.

Multiple choice biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

Bilirubin is the breakdown product of

  1. Haemoglobin

  2. RBC

  3. WBC

  4. Platelets
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The dead RBCs are metabolised in the spleen and liver and the heme is broken down into bilirubin which is a yellow coloured pigment.

So, the correct option is 'Haemoglobin'.

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Role of thymus in human is chiefly concerned with 

  1. Reproduction

  2. Immunology

  3. Calcium balance

  4. Blood coagulation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The thymus gland is an integral part of immune system. It helps in the maturation of lymphocytes. The thymus serves a vital role in the training and development of T-lymphocytes or T-cells, an extremely important type of white blood cell. So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion liver functions of the liver secretory organs

Kupffer cells of liver are

  1. Loose connective tissue

  2. Phagocytic cell

  3. Mast cell

  4. Fat cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Kupffer cells constitute 80-90% of the tissue macrophages present in the body. They are found in the lumen of the liver sinusoids. 

So, the correct answer is 'phagocytic cells '                                    

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion liver functions of the liver secretory organs

Kupffer cell of liver are

  1. Loose connective tissue

  2. Phagocytic cell

  3. Mast cell

  4. Fat cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Kupffer cells are specialized macrophages located in the liver, lining the walls of sinusoids. Kupffer cells are a part of the mononuclear phagocytic system. The main function of kupffer cells is clearing any bacteria or foreign substances which are harmful to the body. Hence, Kupffer cells of the liver are the phagocytic cell.

So, the correct answer is 'Phagocytic cell'.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion liver functions of the liver secretory organs

Kupffer cells are found in

  1. Liver

  2. Kidney

  3. Heart

  4. Blood
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In mammalian bodies, Kupffer cells are the most abundant tissue macrophages as they constitute 80-90% of them. Also known as Kupffer-Browicz cells or stellate macrophages; these specialized macrophages are specifically found in the liver.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion liver functions of the liver secretory organs

Specific cells functioning as macrophages, found in liver are

  1. Hepatic cells

  2. Beta cells

  3. Kupffer's cells

  4. Islets of Langerhans
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Liver is the largest gland of human body. Liver sinusoids are lined by the endothelial cells mostly but a few macrophages cells are also present. These are called as Kupffer's cells (phagocytic cells).

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion liver functions of the liver secretory organs

Heparin is produced by

  1. Kidney cells

  2. Blood cells

  3. Bone marrow

  4. Liver cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Heparin is an anticoagulant that prevent blood clotting by the release of specific proteins like tissue plasminogen activator and tissue factor pathway inhibitor, into the blood.

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption liver functions of the liver secretory organs

Harmful Prussic acid changed into potassium sulfo-cyanide in which part of the body?

  1. Bone marrow

  2. Liver

  3. Spleen

  4. Lymph glands
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Liver is the largest gland of human body that accomplishes a diverse set of functions. Liver is known as chemical factory of the body. Most of the biochemical functions of the body are done by the liver. Detoxification is a major function of liver. Thus, conversion of toxic substances into non-toxic substances is done by liver. The toxic substances include xenobiotic compounds or may be formed by metabolic activities of the body. e.g., Prussic acid is converted into Potassium sulfocyanide (it is a non-toxic salt) by the liver.