Biology

Human Immunity and Blood

2,096 Questions

Human immunity and blood questions cover the physiological mechanisms protecting the body against diseases and the components of blood. Topics include blood groups, cell mediated immunity, monoclonal antibodies, and blood coagulation. These biology topics frequently appear in general science sections of competitive exams.

Blood groupsCell mediated immunityMonoclonal antibodiesBlood coagulationCancer immunology

Human Immunity and Blood Questions

Multiple choice bio-chemistry immunity and blood groups blood group blood groups and compatibility advance blood groups and transfusion compatibility of blood groups

Which of the following cells play an important role in failure of transplanted organ?

  1. $CD _4$ cells and $CD _8$ cells

  2. Natural killer cells

  3. Plasma cells

  4. Mast cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Transplant rejection is primarily a cell-mediated response. CD4+ (helper) and CD8+ (cytotoxic) T-cells recognize foreign MHC antigens on the donor organ and initiate the destruction of the graft tissue.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry immunity and blood groups blood group blood groups and compatibility advance blood groups and transfusion compatibility of blood groups

Persons with blood group A possess

  1. Antigen A and antibodies b

  2. Antigen A and antibodies a

  3. No antigen but antibodies a and b

  4. Antigens A and B but no antibodies.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Individuals with blood group A have antigen A on the surface of their red blood cells and anti-B antibodies (often denoted as b) in their plasma.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry immunity and blood groups blood group blood groups and compatibility advance blood groups and transfusion compatibility of blood groups

Blood transfusion is possible between groups

  1. Donor A and recipient O

  2. Donor B and recipient A

  3. Donor AB and recipient O

  4. Donor AB and recipient AB
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Blood transfusion is safe when the recipient does not have antibodies against the donor's antigens. AB individuals have both A and B antigens, so they can receive blood from AB donors (as they have no anti-A or anti-B antibodies).

Multiple choice bio-chemistry immunity and blood groups blood group blood groups and compatibility advance blood groups and transfusion compatibility of blood groups

O blood group is universal donor because the blood has

  1. Antigen A

  2. Antigen B

  3. Both antigens A and B

  4. No antigens.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Individuals with blood group O have neither A nor B antigens on their red blood cells, which prevents the recipient's antibodies from reacting with the donor's cells.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry immunity and blood groups blood group blood groups and compatibility advance blood groups and transfusion compatibility of blood groups

In ABO system of blood grouping, transfusion is not possible from

  1. A to AB

  2. B to AB

  3. O to AB

  4. A to O.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Transfusion from A to O is not possible because O individuals have anti-A antibodies in their plasma, which would react with the A antigens on the donor's red blood cells.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry immunity and blood groups blood group blood groups and compatibility advance blood groups and transfusion compatibility of blood groups

In case of emergency (e.g., serious accident with great blood loss) which blood group could be safely transfused

  1. AB $Rh^-$
  2. O $Rh^+$
  3. AB $Rh^+$
  4. O $Rh^-$.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Individuals with O Rh-negative blood are universal donors because their red blood cells lack both A and B antigens and the Rh factor, minimizing the risk of an immune reaction in the recipient.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry immunity and blood groups blood group blood groups and compatibility advance blood groups and transfusion compatibility of blood groups

Person with AB blood group can

  1. Not receive universally

  2. Universally donate

  3. Universally receive

  4. Receive only from O.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

People with blood group AB possess both A and B antigens on their red blood cells but lack anti-A and anti-B antibodies in their plasma, allowing them to receive blood from any ABO group.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry immunity and blood groups blood group blood groups and compatibility advance blood groups and transfusion compatibility of blood groups

Donor X and recipient Y belong to same blood group. Transfusion has led to RBC agglutination because

  1. X is $Rh^+$, Y is $Rh^-$
  2. X is $Rh^-$, Y is $Rh^+$
  3. Both are $Rh^+$
  4. Both are $Rh^-$.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Agglutination occurs when the recipient has antibodies against the donor's antigens. An Rh-negative recipient (Y) can develop anti-Rh antibodies if exposed to Rh-positive blood from the donor (X).

Multiple choice bio-chemistry immunity and blood groups blood group blood groups and compatibility advance blood groups and transfusion compatibility of blood groups

Blood group B means the person

  1. Can form antibody for B

  2. Cannot form antibody for B

  3. Can receive blood of AB group

  4. Cannot receive blood group O.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Individuals with blood group B have B antigens on their red blood cells; therefore, they do not produce anti-B antibodies, as doing so would cause their own blood to agglutinate.