Biology · General Awareness

Human Endocrine System

1,530 Questions

The human endocrine system comprises glands that secrete hormones to regulate bodily functions like metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Competitive exams frequently test the specific roles of hormones such as adrenaline, insulin, and progesterone. Use these questions to master the locations and functions of different hormones.

Hormone functionsIslets of LangerhansFight or flight responseBlood pressure regulationFemale sex hormonesWater soluble hormones

Human Endocrine System Questions

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Which of the following hormones regulate growth and metamorphosis in insects?

  1. Juvenile hormone

  2. Brain hormone

  3. Ecdyson

  4. Prothoracicotropic hormone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Juvenile hormone (JH), produced by the corpora allata, regulates two important processes in insects. The first is development; as an insect develops, the degree juvenility of the next stage is determined by the amount of JH in the blood; the lower the JH, the more adult the next stage. The other function of JH is, in many insects, to regulate the production of eggs in the female's ovaries. Because mating behavior is often synchronized with the ovarian cycle, the mating behaviour and pheromone production to be linked with JH.

Multiple choice biology the endocrine system hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Mark the correct statement

  1. Hormones secreted by the endocrine system have to be carried throughout the body by the circulating fluid

  2. All the extra substance in the body are removed by excretory system

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Both statements are true so (c) will be the correct answer. All the extra water, excess salts and the nitrogenous wastes such as Urea have to be sent to the excretory system to be thrown out of the body.

Multiple choice biology the endocrine system hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Hormones are also known as 

  1. Impetus

  2. Basics

  3. Acids

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • A hormone is derived from Greek"impetus" which is a chemical released by a cell or a gland in one part of the body that sends out messages that affect cells in other parts of the organism.
  •  Hormones in animals are often transported in the blood.
  •  Cells respond to a hormone when they express a specific receptor for that hormone. Hence, Hormones are also known as Impetus. 
    •  So, the correct answer is 'Impetus'.
Multiple choice biology the endocrine system hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Chemically, hormones are

  1. Carbohydrates

  2. Proteins

  3. Steroids

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Hormones have diverse chemical structures, mainly of three classes: eicosanoids, steroids, and amino acid/protein derivatives (amines, peptides, and proteins). 
  • The glands that secrete hormones comprise the endocrine signalling system. The term hormone is sometimes extended to include chemicals produced by cells that affect the same cell (autocrine or intracrine signalling) or nearby cells (paracrine signalling). Hence, Chemically, hormones are Proteins and Steroids.
 So, the correct answer is 'Both B and C'.

Multiple choice biology the endocrine system hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Hormones differ from enzymes in the respect that they

  1. Are found only in animals

  2. Are found only in plants

  3. Are used completely in metabolism

  4. Are not used up in metabolism
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Hormones are derivative of protein, amino acids, and steroids. Hormones are the chemical messenger that provide signals to the cell for performing the particular function. Hormones are used up completely in the metabolism.
  • Enzymes are the catalyst, which enhances the biochemical reactions. Enzymes act at the place where they are formed. And enzymes do not get used up in the reaction. Hence, Hormones differ from enzymes in the respect that they are used completely in metabolism.
 So, the correct answer is 'Are used completely in metabolism'.


Multiple choice biology the endocrine system hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Which of these properties are not present in hormones?

  1. They can easily diffuse through membranes.

  2. They are specific in their action.

  3. They are never stored in body and synthesized at once.

  4. They have a high molecular weight and not found in plants.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • A hormone may be defined as a specific product (organic substance) of an endocrine gland secreted into the blood which carries it to a specific part of the body where it produces a definite physiological effect. 
  • Hormones exert their effects not where they are locally produced, but on other tissues of the body. And never stored in the body and synthesized at once.  Hence,  They have a high molecular weight and not found in plants is not the property of hormones.
 So, the correct answer is 'They have a high molecular weight and not found in plants'.

Multiple choice biology the endocrine system hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Hormones affect distant cells by controlling .......... proteins.

  1. Acceptor

  2. Receptor

  3. Basic

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • A hormone receptor is a receptor molecule that binds to a specific hormone.
  • Hormone receptors are a wide family of proteins made up of receptors for thyroid and steroid hormones, retinoids and Vitamin D, and a variety of other receptors for various ligands, such as fatty acids and prostaglandins. Hence, Hormones affect distant cells by controlling Receptor proteins.  
 So, the correct answer is 'Receptor'.

Multiple choice biology the endocrine system hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Which of the following hormones is known to have calorigenic effect?

  1. $T _1$ & $T _1$

  2. TCT

  3. PTH

  4. Calcitriol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The calorigenic effect is a result of the increased metabolic rate and increased oxygen consumption by cells. When the metabolic rate increases, more heat is generated.T1 and T1 are hormones that have a calorigenic effect.

So, the correct option is 'T1 and T1'.

Multiple choice biology the endocrine system hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

The secretion of following anterior pituitary hormones is controlled by hypothalamus

  1. Thyrotropin (TSH) and cortisol

  2. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and progesterone

  3. Corticotropin (ACTH), growth hormone and

    vasopressin

  4. Luteinizing hormone (LH), corticotropin (ACTH) and

    thyrotropin (TSH)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Hypothalamus secretes both releasing and inhibitory hormones controlling the secretion of some anterior pituitary hormones(LH, ACTH, and TSH etc.)

Multiple choice biology the endocrine system hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Hormones are called chemical signals that stimulate specific target tissues. Which is the correct location of these receptors in case of protein hormones?

  1. Extracellular matrix

  2. Blood

  3. Plasma membrane

  4. Nucleus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Hormones of protein nature binds to specific receptor molecules located on the plasma membrane to form the hormone receptor complex.

Multiple choice biology the endocrine system hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Which of these functions hormones perform in our body?

  1. Regulation of cellular activities and influencing growth

  2. Regulation of intermediary metabolism

  3. Maintenance of homoeostasis

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • The functions of Hormones are : 
1. Hormones are produced by a specialized gland and are secreted directly into the bloodstream.
 2. Hormones are transported by the bloodstream from the endocrine cells to serve as ‘chemi­cal messenger’ which act on target cells or organs by regulating the rates of specific metabolic reactions. 
3. Hormones exert their effects not where they are locally produced, but on other tissues of the body. 
4. Hormones are required in very small amounts and their effect may be excitatory or inhibitory depending upon their concentration and the physiological state of the responding tissue. Hence, Regulation of cellular activities and influencing growth, Regulation of intermediary metabolism and Maintenance of homoeostasis are the functions hormones perform in our body. 
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.