Biology · General Awareness

Human Endocrine System

1,530 Questions

The human endocrine system comprises glands that secrete hormones to regulate bodily functions like metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Competitive exams frequently test the specific roles of hormones such as adrenaline, insulin, and progesterone. Use these questions to master the locations and functions of different hormones.

Hormone functionsIslets of LangerhansFight or flight responseBlood pressure regulationFemale sex hormonesWater soluble hormones

Human Endocrine System Questions

Multiple choice chemistry biomolecules enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

The hormone that promotes anabolism and inhibits catabolism is the

  1. tri iodo Thyroxine

  2. auxins

  3. insulin

  4. morphactin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The hormone that promotes anabolism and inhibits catabolism is insulin.
Insulin is an anabolic hormone that promotes energy storage in the form of glycogen, triglycerides and proteins. Thus, insulin promotes anabolism (building up of tissues) and inhibits catabolism (breaking down of tissues) in muscle, liver, and fat cells. It increases the rate of synthesis of glycogen, fatty acids, and proteins.

Multiple choice chemistry biomolecules enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

The hormone that prepares the uterus for the implantation of the embryo is:

  1. Estradiol

  2. Progesterone

  3. Insulin

  4. Androgens
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The hormone that prepares the uterus for the implantation of the embryo is progesterone. 
Progesterone from the corpus luteum is essential for supporting the embryos growth. During pregnancy, the placenta begins to produce progesterone about 6 to 7 weeks after the egg is fertilized. It plays an important role in the development of the foetus, stimulates the growth of maternal breast tissue, prevents lactation, and strengthens the pelvic wall muscles in preparation for labor.

Multiple choice chemistry biomolecules enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

The hormones that have 'anti inflammatory' effect are the:

  1. Thyroxin

  2. Insulin

  3. Glucocorticoids

  4. Auxins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Thyroxin is secreted from thyroid gland. It regulates general growth and development and controls carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism.
Insulin is secreted in pancreatic islets. It controls carbohydrate metabolism and maintains glucose level in the blood.
Glucocorticoids have antiinflammatory effect. They are part of the feedback mechanism in the immune system that turns immune activity (inflammation) down.
Auxins play vital role in several growth and behavioral processes in the plant's life cycle and are essential for plant body development.

Multiple choice chemistry biomolecules enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

The hormone which controls the contraction of uterus after child birth and also produces lactation in the mammary glands is:

  1. Insulin

  2. Oxytocin

  3. Estrone

  4. Estradiol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The hormone which controls the contraction of uterus after child birth and also produces lactation in the mammary glands is oxytocin. Oxytocin is released from the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The release of oxytocin include childbirth, suckling and coitus, the uterine contractions that result may facilitate either childbirth or the ascent of spermatozoa through the fallopiantubes. Oxytocin may also play a role in the initiation of labor. The milk ejection response occurs only in females immediately after childbirth.

Multiple choice chemistry biomolecules enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

Match the following.
        SET-A                                 SET-B
Type of hormone               Name of hormone
1) Steroid hormone            a) Cytokinins
2) Non Steroid                   b) Estrogens
3) Plant hormone               c) Auxins
4) Peptide hormone           d) Insulin

  1. 1-b, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d

  2. 1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c

  3. 1-b, 2-a,d 3-a,c, 4-d

  4. 1-c, 2-a, 3-d, 4-b
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Estrogens are steroidal hormones. They contain steroid (cholesterol) nucleus in their structure.

Cytokinins and Insulin are non steroidal hormones. They do not contain steroid (cholesterol) nucleus in their structure.

Cytokinins and Auxins are plant hormones. Auxins play vital role in several growth and behavioral processes in the plant's life cycle and are essential for plant body development.

Insulin is a peptide hormone. It affect the properties of plasma membrane. It is secreted in pancreatic islets. It controls carbohydrate metabolism and maintains glucose level in the blood.

1-b 
2-a,d
3-a,c 
4-d
Multiple choice chemistry biomolecules enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

The hormone which controls the processes of burning of fats, proteins and carbohydrates and liberates energy in the body is:

  1. Thyroxine

  2. Adrenaline

  3. Insulin

  4. Cortisone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Insulin is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells in the pancreas. It regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats by promoting the absorption of glucose from the blood to skeletal muscles and fat tissue and by causing fat to be stored rather than used for energy.

Multiple choice chemistry biomolecules enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

The hormone which  transport glucose from blood tissue is

  1. glucogen

  2. insulin

  3. throxin

  4. heparin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Insulin is the hormone responsible for transporting glucose from blood into tissues by promoting glucose uptake in cells, particularly muscle and adipose tissue. It lowers blood glucose levels by facilitating glucose entry into cells. Glucagon has the opposite effect of raising blood glucose.

Multiple choice zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

Sympathetic nervous system is stimulated by the hormone

  1. Acetylcholine

  2. Dopamine

  3. Adrenaline

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is part of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which also includes the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS).
  • The sympathetic nervous system releases hormone called adrenaline most often termed as the fight or flight response.
  •  Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone, neurotransmitter, and medication. Adrenaline is normally produced by both the adrenal glands and certain neurons. It plays an important role in the fight-or-flight response by increasing blood flow to muscles, the output of the heart, pupil dilation response, and blood sugar level. Hence, the Sympathetic nervous system is stimulated by the hormone Adrenaline. 
 So, the correct answer is 'Adrenaline'.

Multiple choice zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

A polypeptide that regulates hunger is

  1. Endorphin

  2. Encephalin

  3. Insulin

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Endomorphins are the chemical substance which is present in the neurons. It helps in the perception of pain, reactions to stress, and cardiovascular, respiratory and digestive functions. They are produced within the body so they are known as endogenous. They specifically work by binding to opoid receptors which are mainly found in nervous system and regulates the motor neurons and autonomic nervous system. The regulation of sympathetic and parasympathetic chain helps to control hunger.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Multiple choice biology the age of adolescence menstruation in females changes at puberty what happens if an egg is not fertilized?

A $55$ years old female was analyzed for her hormonal status. Some hormones are increased in blood and excreted in urine. These hormones are

  1. Estrogen, progesterone and $FSH$
  2. Progesterone and $LH$
  3. $LH$ and $FSH$
  4. Estrogen and $FSH$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In females, the post-reproductive phase of menopause begins from the age of 45 years approximately. In this phase, the primary follicles are not available that can be developed under the effect of FSH. When follicles do not develop, ovulation cannot occur under the effect of LH. There is no corpus luteum formed, so there will be no progesterone. As there is no progesterone, the endometrium stops building up. Due to this, there are no menses occurring. Since FSH and LH are released by the pituitary gland, they would be un-used and excreted in urine.

Hence, the correct answer is 'LH and FSH'

Multiple choice zoology menustral cycle in human parturition and lactation pregnancy and birth fertilization and post fertilization in humans

Which hormone stimulates the secretion of milk from female?

  1. Oxytocin

  2. Progesterone

  3. LH

  4. Prolactin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

 Prolactin hormone is secreted by pituitary gland it stimulates the secretion of milk from mammals. It rises only when a baby suckles. Hormone oxytocin cause tiny muscles around the alveoli to squeeze the milk by using small tubes called milk ducts. Oxytocin is also responsible for contraction of uterus muscles, during and after birth. Prolactiiin and Oxytocin help the mother to form an emotional bond with her baby. Progesterone regulates the growth in size of alveoli and lobes. Estrogen stimulates the milk duct system to grow. Follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and human chorionic gonadotropin control the level of estrogen and progesterone production.    

Multiple choice zoology menustral cycle in human parturition and lactation pregnancy and birth fertilization and post fertilization in humans

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Prolactin stimulates milk secretion and growth of breast.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Prolactin regulates the growth of the mammary glands and formation of milk in them. Prolactin has a wide variety of effects. It stimulates the mammary glands to produce milk (lactation). Increased serum concentrations of prolactin during pregnancy cause enlargement of the mammary glands and prepare for milk production.
So, the correct option is 'True'.
Multiple choice zoology menustral cycle in human parturition and lactation pregnancy and birth fertilization and post fertilization in humans

Foetal ejection reflex triggers the release of 

  1. Prolactin by maternal pituitary

  2. Prolactin by foetal pituitary

  3. Oxytocin by foetal pituitary

  4. Oxytocin by maternal pituitary
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The foetal ejection reflex is triggered by the fully developed foetus and placenta, which sends signals to the maternal pituitary gland to release oxytocin. Oxytocin then causes the uterine contractions necessary for childbirth.

Multiple choice zoology menustral cycle in human parturition and lactation pregnancy and birth fertilization and post fertilization in humans

Milk ejection hormone in a lactating mother is?

  1. Prolactin

  2. Oxytocin

  3. Progesterone

  4. Estrogen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Lactation is the method of synthesizing and secreting milk from the postpartum female breast mammary glands in reaction to a child sucking in the nipple. Mammary glands, which are enclosed in the breasts, produce the milk. The mammary gland consists of milk-carrying lactiferous ducts that grow and branch widely in reaction to estrogen, growth hormone, cortisol and prolactin during pregnancy.The prolactin of the pituitary hormone is extremely influential in establishing and maintaining the supply of breast milk. It is also essential for mobilizing breast milk maternal micro vitamins and minerals.