Biology · General Awareness

Human Endocrine System

1,530 Questions

The human endocrine system comprises glands that secrete hormones to regulate bodily functions like metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Competitive exams frequently test the specific roles of hormones such as adrenaline, insulin, and progesterone. Use these questions to master the locations and functions of different hormones.

Hormone functionsIslets of LangerhansFight or flight responseBlood pressure regulationFemale sex hormonesWater soluble hormones

Human Endocrine System Questions

Multiple choice zoology menustral cycle in human parturition and lactation pregnancy and birth fertilization and post fertilization in humans

Which is called milk ejection hormone?

  1. Prolactin

  2. Oxytocin

  3. Vassopressin

  4. Luteinizing hormone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The release of the hormone oxytocin from maternal pituitary which leads to the milk ejection.  Oxytocin stimulates the muscle contraction surrounding the breast to squeeze out the milk. 

so, the correct option is 'Oxytocin'.

Multiple choice zoology menustral cycle in human parturition and lactation pregnancy and birth fertilization and post fertilization in humans

Which of the following hormones initiate parturition?

  1. ACTH, hCG, oxytocin

  2. ACTH, corticosteroid, oxytocin

  3. Corticosteroid, ACTH, prostaglandin

  4. ACTH, progesterone, hCG
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Parturition is the process in which a mother gives birth to its young one. It initiates when the message initiating parturition starts with the fetal brain, its control of ACTH release from the pituitary, and increased cortisol production by the fetal adrenal. The cortisol stimulates placental enzymes which cause placental progesterone to be made into estrogen. Oxytocin leads to the contraction of smooth muscles of myometrium of the uterus, which directs the full term foetus towards the birth canal.

So the correct option is 'ACTH, corticosteroid, oxytocin'.

Multiple choice zoology menustral cycle in human parturition and lactation pregnancy and birth fertilization and post fertilization in humans

Which foetal hormone signals that it is mature now to take birth?

  1. Relaxin

  2. Oxytocin

  3. ACTH

  4. Progesterone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Relaxin is a hormone secreted by the placenta that causes the cervix to dilate and prepares the uterus for the action of oxytocin during labour.
  • Relaxin is a protein hormone of about 6000 Da.
  • Relaxin is produced by the ovary and the placenta.
So, the correct answer is 'Relaxin'

Multiple choice zoology menustral cycle in human parturition and lactation pregnancy and birth fertilization and post fertilization in humans

Increase in concentration of which hormone determines the time of child birth?

  1. hCG

  2. hPL

  3. Oxytocin

  4. Progesterone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Oxytocin is the hormone that stimulates powerful uterine contractions, and its concentration increases significantly to determine the onset and progression of labor (childbirth).

Multiple choice zoology menustral cycle in human parturition and lactation pregnancy and birth fertilization and post fertilization in humans

Oxytocin is helpful in

  1. Semen formation

  2. Parturition

  3. Diuresis

  4. Molecular development
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Oxytocin is a hormone which is released from the pituitary gland. It is responsible for the muscular contraction which occurs during the parturition. The fully developed baby exerts a pressure on the walls of the uterus and as a result, it signals the pituitary gland to release oxytocin. The muscular contractions are responsible for the expulsion of the baby out of the uterus.

So, the correct option is 'Parturition'.

Multiple choice zoology menustral cycle in human parturition and lactation pregnancy and birth fertilization and post fertilization in humans

Foetal ejection reflex in human female induces

  1. Release of hormones from placenta

  2. Growth and development of ovarian follicles

  3. Release of oxytocin from maternal pituitary

  4. Release of gonadotrophins

  5. Release of prolactin from pituitary
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Foetal ejection reflex occurs at the time of parturition and are gentle uterine contactions produced by the placenta. This may occur due to extremely high levels of adrenaline during childbirth. Since parturition is a neuro-endocrine process, oxytocin is released by the neurohypophysis of maternal pituitary which stimulates stronger contractions of the uterus and induces labour pain, with decreasing progesterone levels and marks the end of the gestation period. Hence, the correct answer is 'Release of oxytocin from maternal pituitary'.

Multiple choice zoology menustral cycle in human parturition and lactation pregnancy and birth fertilization and post fertilization in humans

Milk secretion is caused by :-

  1. Progesterone

  2. PRH

  3. PRL

  4. Oxytocin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Oxytocin is a peptide hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary. It is also a neuropeptide, used for inter-neuron communication. This hormone is responsible for secretion or ejection of milk. PRH or prolactin releasing hormone is responsible for the release of Prolactin or PRL, which is a hormone responsible for milk production. Progesterone inhibits lactation during pregnancy.

So, the correct option is 'Oxytocin'.

Multiple choice biology the reproductive system menstruation male reproductive system in humans male reproductive system reproduction in plants and animals

Testes produce male sex hormone

  1. Estrogen

  2. Testosterone

  3. Follicle stimulating hormone

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Testosterone is the hormone which is produced by testis of the human male. It is responsible for secondary sexual characters in male which includes deeper voice and hair on the chest, in addition to contributing to a healthy libido, building muscle mass, and maintaining energy levels.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology the reproductive system menstruation male reproductive system in humans male reproductive system reproduction in plants and animals

Testosterone is produced by

  1. Acinar cells

  2. Graafian follicles

  3. Leyding cells

  4. Hepatic cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The region outside the seminiferous tubules in testes is called interstitial spaces. It contain small blood vessels and interstitial cell. These interstitial cells are called Leydig cells. Leydig cells constitute the endocrine tissue of testes. It synthesise and secrete testicular hormones called androgens. Androgens are group of male sex hormones, mainly testosterone.

So, testosterone is produced by Leydig cells.

Multiple choice biology the reproductive system menstruation male reproductive system in humans male reproductive system reproduction in plants and animals
Location and secretion of Leydig cells are

  1. Liver - cholesterol

  2. Ovary - estrogen

  3. Testis - testosterone/ androgens

  4. Pancreas - glucagon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The region outside the seminiferous tubules in testes is called interstitial spaces. It contain small blood vessels and interstitial cell. These interstitial cells are called Leydig cells. These cells constitute the endocrine tissue of testes. It synthesise and secrete testicular hormones called androgens. Androgens are group of male sex hormones, mainly testosterone.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Testis - testosterone/ androgens'.

Multiple choice biology the reproductive system menstruation male reproductive system in humans male reproductive system reproduction in plants and animals

Human males produce which of the following hormones?

  1. Testosterone

  2. Luteinizing hormone

  3. Follicle stimulating hormone

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Important male reproductive hormones are FSH, LH, and testosterone.

FSH is important for the production of sperm. 
LH stimulates testosterone production.
Testosterone is produced by cells of Leydig and important for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics, spermatogenesis. 
So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination control and coordination in plants growth in plants chemical coordination in plants animal senses sense organs in animals sense organs in humans

State whether the following statements are true or false.
A hormone is produced in small amounts in a tissue, and it causes a physiological action within that same tissue soon after its production.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A hormone is not produced in tissue but instead in an organ. The effect caused by that by that hormone can be seen in various parts of the body including the site of production. For example, insulin produced by pancreas converts the glucose present in the bloodstream into the glycogen.  

So, the correct option is 'False'.