Tag: the endocrine system
Questions Related to the endocrine system
A ........................... mechanism regulates the action of hormones.
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Feed back
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Cascade
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Both A and B
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All of the above
Example:
Negative feedback mechanism: Whenever there is a change in the normal state, the messages are sent to ‘increase’ secretions if there is a fall below normal or to ‘decrease’ secretions if there is a rise above normal to restore the normal body state. Such a mechanism is called a negative feedback mechanism. The increase in the blood sugar level stimulates the secretion of insulin so that the sugar level is maintained. If the blood sugar level falls below normal, then it stimulates the secretion of glucagon. Glucagon stimulates the breakdown of glycogen to glucose, and thus, the normal sugar level is maintained.
Cortisol is secreted by the adrenal cortex in response to stress. In addition to its function in a stress response, it functions in negative feedback by
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Inhibiting hypothalamus to secrete corticotropin releasing hormone or CRH
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Inhibiting anterior pituitary's ability to respond to CRH
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Inhibiting the epinephrine
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Both A and B
- One distinctive feature of hormones whose secretion is regulated through the hypothalamus and pituitary is that they regulate their own secretion through negative feedback inhibition.
- for example, cortisol binds to its receptor on cells in the hypothalamus and adenohypophysis, and has the effect of inhibiting secretion of tropic hormones: in this case, CRH (corticotropin releasing hormone) and ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone).
- Less tropic hormone secretion leads to less stimulation of cortisol secretion by cells of the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex. Hence, Cortisol is secreted by the adrenal cortex in response to stress. In addition to its function in a stress response, it functions in negative feedback by Inhibiting hypothalamus to secrete corticotropin-releasing hormone or CRH and Inhibiting anterior pituitary's ability to respond to CRH.
Epinephrine level in blood increases in response to stress. This hormone is known to affect the rate of glycolysis in different organs of the body. The rates of glycolysis in liver, heart and skeletal muscles in response to rise in blood epinephrine (in comparison to non-stress condition) is expected to be
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Unaffected in liver, low in heart, and high in skeletal muscles
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High in liver, low in heart, and low and skeletal muscles
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Unaffected in liver, high in heart, and low in skeletal muscles
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Low in liver, high in heart, and high in skeletal muscles
Epinephrine is the hormone released in response to stress conditions. The rise in the hormone level in he blood causes an increase in ATP production for which the rates of glycolysis increases in the muscles (heart and skeletal muscles). The synthesis of glucose by gluconeogenesis takes place in the liver and so, the rate of glycolysis is low.
Which illustrates feed back in development
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As tissue 'X' develops, it secretes enzyme to inhibit development of tissue 'Y'
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As tissue 'X' develops, it secretes something that induces tissue 'Y' to develop
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As tissue 'X' develops, it secretes something that slows down growth of tissue 'Y'
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Tissue 'X' secretes RNA which changes the development of tissue 'Y'.
Besides corticotropin releasing hormone(CRH) which other hormone also stimulate the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH)?
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Glucagon
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Insulin
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Aldosterone
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Epinephrine
Epinephrine acts on nearly all body tissues and its actions vary by tissue type and tissue expression of adrenergic receptors. The β adrenergic receptor binding helps in increasing the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone by the pituitary glands.
Action of endocrine glands is mediated through
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Hormones
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Enzymes
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Minerals
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Vitamins
Endocrine glands release hormones (chemical messengers) into the bloodstream to be transported to various organs and tissues throughout the body.
I am ductless gland. I secrete chemicals which are transported by the blood to target cells. Who am I?
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Endocrine gland
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Exocrine gland
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Brain
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Bone marrow
The gland is an endocrine gland as it released many hormones which travels to the target site cells through blood. Adrenal gland and thyroid gland are endocrine glands.
Endocrine glands release hormones directly into the
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Blood
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Lymph
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Capillary
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Vein
Endocrine glands are the glands of the endocrine system of our body that secretes their hormones, products, directly into the blood. Pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus and adrenal glands are the major endocrine glands. In contrast to these glands, some glands release their hormones with the help of a duct onto the epithelial surface and are called endocrine glands. Some of these are sweat gland, mammary gland, lacrimal gland, salivary gland, sebaceous gland, mucous gland etc.
All functions of the body are regulated and integrated by
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Respiratory system
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Digestive system
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Neuroendocrine system
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Excretory system
Hormones are used to communicate between organs and tissues to regulate physiological and behavioral activities, such as digestion, metabolism, respiration, tissue function, sensory perception, sleep, excretion, lactation, stress, growth and development, movement, reproduction, and mood.
Which of the following hormones is a steroid?
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Prostaglandin
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Estrogen
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Thyroxine
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Adrenaline
A steroid hormone is a steroid that acts as a hormone. Steroid hormones can be grouped into two classes : Corticosteroids and sex steroids. Within those two classes are the five types according to the receptors to which they bind : glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoids, androgens, estorgens and progesterone.