Geography · General Awareness

Geology and Earth Structure

1,268 Questions

Geology and Earth Structure explores the physical composition of the planet, including its layers, tectonic plates, and seismic activity. This topic is a core component of geography and general science sections in various competitive exams. Reviewing these concepts builds a solid foundation for answering questions related to natural phenomena.

Layers of the EarthTectonic PlatesEarthquakes and VolcanoesGeomagnetism ApplicationsGeophysical MethodsLandform Formation

Geology and Earth Structure Questions

Multiple choice geography biosphere and landscape introduction to earth's landform development of landforms major landforms of the earth

The intense heat in the earth's interior does not  travel to surface because rocks are ____________________.

  1. good conductor of heat.

  2. bad conductor of heat.

  3. both a and b

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The intense heat in the earth's interior does not travel to the surface because rocks are bad conductors of heat. The internal heat of the earth therefore melts the rock and keeps the asttenosphere which is underneath the crust in a semi molten state. This leads to several conditions which cause landform development on the surface of the earth. A landform is a natural feature of earth surface.

Multiple choice geography ocean currents movements of ocean water movements of ocean and sea water oceanic circulations

The sea waves which are generated due to the occurrence of earthquake and volcanoes are called _____________.

  1. seismic waves

  2. tsunami waves

  3. both a and b

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A tsunami is a series of waves caused by earthquakes or undersea volcanic eruptions. Tsunamis are giant waves and the speed of these waves depends on ocean depth rather than the distance from the source of the wave. Similarly, seismic waves are waves of energy that travel through the Earth's layers and are a result of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions.

Multiple choice geography ocean currents movements of ocean water movements of ocean and sea water oceanic circulations

Which of the following causes waves?

  1. Underwater earthquake

  2. Underwater volcanic eruption

  3. Slippage of seafloor along earthquake fault

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Waves are most commonly caused by wind. This kind of wave is found globally across the open ocean and along the coast. However, most potential precarious waves are caused by underwater disturbances that displace large amounts of water quickly such as earthquake, underwater volcanic eruption or landslide i.e., slippage of the seafloor along an earthquake fault. These cause very big waves known as tsunamis.

Multiple choice geography weather and climate weather maps winds disaster risk reduction

The interior layer of the earth which is subjected to great heat and pressure is known technically as the barysphere. Which part of the earth does it refer to ___________.

  1. Upper Mantle

  2. Asthenosphere

  3. Hydrosphere

  4. The Core
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The barysphere is the innermost part of the Earth, consisting of the core, which is characterized by extremely high temperatures and pressures.

Multiple choice geography our changing earth earthquake earthquakes earth's movement and creation of landforms endogenic process and creation of mountains

The line drawn on the map through the places having the same intensity of an earthquake is called _______________.

  1. Isoseismic line

  2. Isobar

  3. Isotherm

  4. Isohyte
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

An isoseismic line is a line on a map connecting points where an earthquake has the same intensity. Isobars connect points of equal pressure, and isotherms connect points of equal temperature.

Multiple choice geography our changing earth earthquake earthquakes earth's movement and creation of landforms endogenic process and creation of mountains

Vibrations or shakings occuring in the crust of the earth are called _________________.

  1. Earth movements

  2. Earth motion

  3. Earthquake

  4. Earth dissolution
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

An earthquake is defined as the shaking or vibration of the Earth's surface caused by the release of energy from the crust, typically due to tectonic plate movement.

Multiple choice geography our changing earth earthquake earthquakes earth's movement and creation of landforms endogenic process and creation of mountains

Sudden shaking of a part of the earth is called ______.

  1. tsunami

  2. volcanic eruption

  3. hurricane

  4. earthquake
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

An earthquake is the sudden shaking of the surface of the Earth, resulting from the sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes can be violent enough to toss people around and destroy whole cities. The seismicity or seismic activity of an area refers to the frequency, type and size of earthquakes experienced over a period of time.

Multiple choice geography endogenetic movements earthquake earthquakes earth's movement and creation of landforms endogenic process and creation of mountains

Waves produced due to the earthquake are known as ___________.

  1. seismic waves

  2. shock waves

  3. infrasonic waves

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Seismic waves are waves of energy that travel through the Earth's layers, and are a result of an Earthquake or a volcano that imparts low-frequency acoustic energy.

Multiple choice geography endogenetic movements earthquake earthquakes earth's movement and creation of landforms endogenic process and creation of mountains

Seismic waves that vibrate perpendicular to the direction of their path _______.

  1. Travel through the solid parts of the earth only

  2. Travel through the solid as well as other parts of the earth

  3. Spread on the surface of the earth

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Seismic waves that vibrate perpendicular to the direction of travel are S-waves (secondary waves). S-waves are shear waves and cannot travel through liquids, meaning they only travel through the solid parts of the Earth.

Multiple choice geography endogenetic movements earthquake earthquakes earth's movement and creation of landforms endogenic process and creation of mountains

The magnitude of the earthquake is measured on the ______________.

  1. Wind vane

  2. Barometre

  3. Richter scale

  4. Weighing scale
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The Richter scale was originally devised to measure the magnitude of earthquakes of moderate size (that is, magnitude 3 to magnitude 7) by assigning a number that would allow the size of one earthquake to be compared with another.