Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,221 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice biology division for growth and reproduction cell division in embryo development structure of chromosome, cell cycle and cell division component of the cell different types of reproduction reproductive health of humans need of family planning tissues of animals mitosis reproductive health

How many following statements are correct?
(A) Nucleus as a cell organelle was first described by Robert Brown as early as 1651.
(B) The interphase nucleus has highly condensed nucleoprotein fibres called chromatin.
(C) During different stages of cell division, cells show structured chromatin in place of the nucleus.
(D) Every chromosome essentially has a primary constriction which is also known as NOR.
(E) Many membrane-bound minute vesicles called microbodies that contain various enzymes are present in both plant and animal cells.

  1. One

  2. Two

  3. Three

  4. Four
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Answer is option B i.e. "Two"

  • Correct statements are statements C and E because-
During cell division stages of eukaryotes instead of nucleus, DNA associated with histone proteins in a highly condensed nucleoprotein complex is called chromatin.
Microbodies are membrane-bound minute vesicular organelles. They are found in both plant and animal cells. They contain various enzymes and proteins.
  • While, Nucleus was discovered by  Robert Brown in 1831 and published in 1833.
  • During interphase chromatin is distributed throughout the nucleus.
  • Every chromosome essentially has a primary constriction which is also known as kinetochores. Nucleolus organiser regions (NORs) are chromosomal regions crucial for the formation of the nucleolus.

Multiple choice botany plant water relation diffusion pressure deficit other pressure components osmosis in plants

Which cell has maximum diffusion pressure deficit?

  1. Flacid cell

  2. Turgid cell

  3. Prokaryotic cell

  4. Eukaryotic cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Diffusion pressure deficit or DPD is the difference between the pressure of a solution and a pure solvent. It is also called as suction pressure. In order to achieve the equilibrium or attain zero value of DPD, the solvent from low solute concentration or low DPD to high solute concentration or high DPD. In other words, the diffusion pressure deficit is equal to the total of osmotic pressure and turgor pressure. DPD is maximum in pure water. In a flaccid cell, there is no movement of water. In a flaccid cell, there is no turgor pressure. Hence, DPD is equal to the osmotic pressure.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Flaccid cell.'

Multiple choice botany plant water relation diffusion pressure deficit other pressure components osmosis in plants

A and B cells are contiguous. Cell $1$ has OP$=10$ atm. TP=$7$ atm and DPD$=3$ atm. Cell $2$ has OP $=8$atm, TP$=3$ atm and DPD$=5$ atm. The result would be __________________.

  1. No movement of water

  2. Equilibrium between the two
  3. Movement of water from $1$ to $2$
  4. Movement of water from $2$ to $1$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Water moves from a region of lower DPD to a region of higher DPD. Cell 1 has a DPD of 3 atm and Cell 2 has a DPD of 5 atm; therefore, water moves from Cell 1 to Cell 2.

Multiple choice botany plant water relation diffusion pressure deficit other pressure components osmosis in plants

A cell with DPD=5 is surrounded by A,B,C and D cell having OP and Tp respectively 5 and 4, 7 and 5, 3 and 2, 0.5 and 0. From which cell it will withdraw water fast? 

  1. D

  2. C

  3. B

  4. A
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

DPD is the difference between Osmotic pressure and Turgor pressure. 

For cell A the DPD is 1.
For cell B the DPD is 2.
For cell C the DPD is 1
For cell D the DPD is 0.
So, the correct answer is 'D'.

Multiple choice botany plant water relation diffusion pressure deficit other pressure components osmosis in plants

Arrange root hair cell, inner cortical cell and mesophyll cell in ascending order of DPD.

  1. Mesophyll cell, root hair cell and cortical cell

  2. Cortical cell, mesophyll cell, and root hair cell

  3. Root hair cell, cortical cell and mesophyll cell

  4. Root hair cell, mesophyll cell and cortical cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

DPD means deficit pressure diffusion. Roots absorb water through root hairs. For the absorption of water, there should be a concentration gradient between root hair and soil.

Root hair cells are creating concentration gradient and these are absorbing so water amount is more in this region so DPD is less. Cortical cells are present in the stem region so the amount of water is somewhat less in this region and DPD is more.
Mesophyll cells are present in leaves so here the amount of water is less and DPD is more and highest in this region.
So, the correct answer is 'Root hair cell, cortical cell and mesophyll cell'.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell structure animal cells vs plant cells comparing plant and animal cells comparison between animal and plant cell

In an animal cheek cell, the nucleus is generally located _________.

  1. In the centre of the cell

  2. On one side of the cell

  3. Near the plasma membrane

  4. Anywhere in the cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • In an animal cheek cell, the nucleus is located at the center of the cytoplasm. They do not contain a cell wall and a prominent vacuole. Their cytoplasm is denser and granular than plant cells. 
  • In a plant cell, the nucleus is located towards the periphery of the cell due to the presence of large vacuole.
Thus, the correct answer is 'In the center of the cell.'

Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell structure animal cells vs plant cells comparing plant and animal cells comparison between animal and plant cell

Which of the following is found in plant cells, but not in animal cells?

  1. Cell wall

  2. Nucleus

  3. Endoplasmic reticulum

  4. Mitochondria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • The cell wall is a unique structure present in plant cells. It is found as an outer covering to the plasma membrane. 
  • The cell wall is made up of cellulose, pectin, etc, according to whether it is seen in plants, fungi or bacteria.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell structure and micro-organisms animal cells vs plant cells comparing plant and animal cells comparison between animal and plant cell

What is the appropriate difference between plant cells and animal cells?

  1. Plant cell- cell wall is present, Animal cell- cell wall is absent

  2. Plant cell- cell wall is absent, Animal cell- cell wall is present

  3. Plant cell- cell wall is present, Animal cell- cell wall is present

  4. Plant cell- cell wall is absent, Animal cell- cell wall is absent
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Plant cell possesses a cell wall while animal cells lack. Plant cells possess chloroplasts while animal cells lack. Plant cells possess single, large vacuole while animal cells possess many, small vacuoles. Plant cells lack centriole while animal cells possess centriole. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell structure and micro-organisms animal cells vs plant cells comparing plant and animal cells comparison between animal and plant cell

Which of the following feature will help you in distinguishing a plant cell from an animal cell?

  1. Cell wall

  2. Cell membrane

  3. Mitochondria

  4. Nucleus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The cell wall is hard organelle found outside the cell membrane and is composed of cellulose. The outermost layer of animal cells is plasma membrane. The cell wall is absent in the animal cell.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell structure and micro-organisms animal cells vs plant cells comparing plant and animal cells comparison between animal and plant cell

Give one key difference between:

Plant cell and animal cell

  1. <font color="#222222" face="arial, sans-serif">Cell wall is absent in plant cell and present in animal cell.</font>

  2. Cell wall is present in plant cell and absent in animal cell.

  3. Choloroplast is absent in plant cell and present in animal cell.

  4. Vacuole is absent is plant cell and present in animal cell.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The plant cell and animal cell differ fundamentally from each other on the basis of the cell wall. The plant cells are surrounded by the cellulosic cell wall while the animal cells lack the cell wall. Apart from the cell wall, the plant cells show the presence of the plastids while the animal cells lack the plastids. Also, there is a large central vacuole present in plant cells while the animal cells either lack the vacuole or there can be many small vacuoles.


Hence, the correct answer is 'Cell wall is present in plant cell and absent in animal cell'.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell structure and micro-organisms animal cells vs plant cells comparing plant and animal cells comparison between animal and plant cell

Which of following structure is NOT found in plant cells?

  1. Vacuole

  2. Nucleus

  3. Centriole

  4. Golgi bodies
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
While both animal and plant cells have microtubule organizing centres (MTOCs), animal cells also have centrioles associated with the microtubule-organizing centre ( MTOC): a complex called the centrosome. Animal cells each have a centrosome and lysosomes, whereas plant cells do not.
So, the correct answer is 'Centriole'.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell structure and micro-organisms animal cells vs plant cells comparing plant and animal cells comparison between animal and plant cell

Which of the following organelles would not be found in a plant cell?

  1. Chloroplast

  2. Vacuole

  3. Centrioles

  4. Cell membrane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

All are organelles of plant cells except centrioles. Centrioles only found in animal cells. It involves in the formation of spindle fibres during the cell division to separate chromosomes. Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice evs seeds and seeds plant adaptation and modification leaves leaf modification

Golgi apparatus (a) Transports and modifies materials (b) Secretes mucin in respiratory tract (c) Secretes slime in insectivorous plants. What is correct

  1. Wrong-a, correct-b and c

  2. Wrong-b, correct-a and c

  3. Wrong-b and c, correct-a

  4. Wrong-nil, correct-all.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids. It is involved in the secretion of mucin and slime in various biological contexts.