Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,062 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice botany caskets of life the cell structure multicellular organisms number and shape of cells

Which of the following cells can be seen with a naked eye?

  1. Egg cell of a hen

  2. Neurons of a giant squid

  3. Cells of the elephant's brain

  4. No single can be seen with a naked eye
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In all mammals, the ovum is fertilized inside the female body. typically visible to the naked eye without the aid of a microscope.

So, the correct option is 'Egg cell of a hen'.

Multiple choice botany caskets of life the cell structure multicellular organisms number and shape of cells

Which  is the correct order for levels of organization in humans

  1. Cell $\rightarrow$ Tissue$\rightarrow$Organ$\rightarrow$Organ system$\rightarrow$Organism
  2. Cell$\rightarrow$Organ$\rightarrow$Organ system$\rightarrow$Organism
  3. Cell$\rightarrow$Tissue$\rightarrow$Organ$\rightarrow$Organism
  4. Cell$\rightarrow$Tissue$\rightarrow$Organism
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cells are grouped into tissues, tissues are grouped into organs, different organs are grouped into organ systems and many organ systems come together to form complex organisms like human beings.

Multiple choice botany caskets of life the cell structure multicellular organisms number and shape of cells

Cells are autonomous because

  1. They synthesise components of living protoplasm from non living materials.

  2. They are able to grow and divided.

  3. Each cell has its own life span.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cells are autonomous which means they are self contained. They are able to carry out their own activities independently for their survival. They are able to synthesis protoplasmic components of a cell from non living matter such as simple organic compounds. They are able to divide into daughter cells as they are capable of producing energy, exchange of gases and replication of genetic material required for division. Every such cell has a limited life span as it grows, divide and then later die but the other cells surrounding that cell may be in a different state of growth. Hence, option D is correct. 

Multiple choice zoology excretory system of human structure of nephron excretory system nephron

Podocytes are the cells, present in?

  1. Cortex of nephron

  2. Inner wall of Bowman's capsule

  3. Outer wall of Bowman's capsule

  4. Wall of glomerular capillaries
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Podocytes are a type of cells in the Bowman's capsule of the nephrons in the kidneys that wrap around the capillaries of the glomerulus. The long processes or foot projections of the podocytes wrap around the capillaries and leave slits between them. Blood is filtered through these slits, each known as a slit diaphragm or filtration slit.

Multiple choice zoology excretory system of human structure of nephron excretory system nephron

Medullary rays are made up of ________________.

  1. Parenchymatous cells

  2. Sclerenchymatous cells

  3. Tracheids

  4. Fibres
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Medullary rays are extensions of the renal medulla into the renal cortex, consisting of straight tubules and collecting ducts, which are supported by parenchymatous tissue.

Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination structure and function of brain human brain nervous and endocrine system in humans

Select the correct option:

Blood-brain barrier in adults has ........... junctions between cells.

  1. Tight

  2. Adhering

  3. Gap

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The blood-brain barrier is a dynamic conduit for transport taking place between brain and blood. The blood vessels and brain are lined with endothelial cells that are wedged tightly together, creating a nearly impermeable boundary.

the blood-brain barrier helps block harmful substances from entering the brain.
So the correct option is 'Tight'.

Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination structure and function of brain human brain nervous and endocrine system in humans

Power of regeneration is lowest in

  1. Brain cell

  2. Liver cell

  3. Bone cell

  4. Muscle cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Brain cells remain in the beginning stage of interphase of cell reproduction for their life, and never divide, and instead develop by forming new synapses with other neurons. They lack cellular machinery for cell division. So, the correct answer is option A. 

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

In Amoeba and Paramecium osmoregulation occurs through

  1. Pseudopodia

  2. Nucleus

  3. Contractile vacuole

  4. General surface
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Osmoregulation is the maintenance of constant osmotic pressure in the fluids of an organism by the control of water and salt concentration. In Amoeba and paramecium, the osmoregulation occurs through Contractile vacuole. The function of a contractile vacuole in protozoan is to expel out excess water via diffusion.
So, the correct answer is 'Contractile vacuole'.
Multiple choice zoology immune system active and passive immunity immunity related disorders and problems diseases and immunity

 ............. is a self-tissue transferred from one body site to another in the same individual.

  1. Autograft

  2. Isograft

  3. Xenograft

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

An autograft involves transferring tissue from one site to another within the same individual, ensuring genetic identity and preventing rejection. Isografts occur between genetically identical individuals, while xenografts occur between different species.

Multiple choice muscle contraction locomotion and movements biology

Which cell organelle is associated with muscle contraction by release and uptake of $Ca^{2+}$ ions?

  1. Golgi apparatus

  2. RER

  3. Sarcoplasmic reticulum

  4. Lysosome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

SER is associated with muscle contraction by release and uptake of Ca ions because SER functions as the packaging structure which stores the Ca ions until its release.

So, the correct option is 'SER'.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell biology cytoplasm the components in a cell component of the cell

Which part of the cell is wrongly matched with its function?

  1. Nucleus controls the activities of the cell

  2. Cytoplasm makes chlorophyll in green plants

  3. Cell wall protects a plant cell

  4. Cell membrane lets water and gas in and out of the cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The nucleus contains the genetic material of the cell and thus regulates all the activities of the cell.

Cytoplasm is the fluid present in the cell. It is present between plasma membrane and nucleus. it helps to maintain the shape of the cell and helps in distribution of cellular materials inside the cell.
Cell wall is a rigid covering mainly present in plant and bacterial cell and provides protection to the plant cell.
Cell membrane is a semipermeable membrane and it regulates the entry and exit of the molecules.
So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell biology cytoplasm the components in a cell component of the cell

Which of the following is a part of protoplasm present between the nuclear membrane and cell organelle?

  1. Leucoplast

  2. Nucleoplasm

  3. Cytoplasm

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cytoplasm is a semi-fluid jelly like substance which contains various organelles and inclusions. It also contains a number of inorganic substances forming a clear true solution as well as organic substances like lipids, proteins and carbohydrates. It is homogenous and colourless in nature.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell biology cytoplasm the components in a cell component of the cell

The peripheral zone of cytoplasm is thick and jelly like substance known as 

  1. Plasmosol

  2. Nucleoid

  3. Plasmogel

  4. Plastid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The peripheral zone of cytoplasm is a thick and jelly-like substance known as plasmogel. The neighbouring area of the nuclear region is thin and watery and is called as the plasmosol. It helps to regulate the amount of water needed by the cell in the cytoplasm.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell biology cytoplasm the components in a cell component of the cell

A protoplast is

  1. A cell organelle

  2. A cell with a wall

  3. A single wall-less cell

  4. Cell without nucleus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let's say, that we took a plant cell and used specific digestive enzymes to digest it's cell wall. 

After removing the cell wall, we call that cell as 'Protoplast'.
The protoplast typically consists of cytoplasm and plasma membrane but no cell wall.

Where, Cytoplasm is a fluid like substance present inside the plasma membrane and consisting of nutrients, biomolecules and all the cell organelles.
These cell organelles are such as mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, Nucleus etc.

In the eukaryotic organisms such as plants and animals, nucleus is considered as the largest cell organelle.
Hence, the above explanation justifies the answer as option C  i.e., Protoplast is a single wall-less cell.