Tag: biotechnology in agriculture

Questions Related to biotechnology in agriculture

The technique in which a foreign DNA is precipitated on the surface of the tungsten or gold particle and shot into target cells is known as? 

botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics insertion and ligation of dna cutting, insertion and ligation of dna biotechnology in agriculture

  1. Microinjection

  2. Chemical - mediated genetic transformation

  3. Electroporation

  4. Biolistic method

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Correct Option: A

Which one of the following is commonly used in transfer of foreign DNA into crop plants?

botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics insertion and ligation of dna cutting, insertion and ligation of dna biotechnology in agriculture

  1. Penicillium expansum

  2. Trichoderma harzianum

  3. Meloidogyne incognita

  4. Agrobacterium tumefaciens

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Trichoderma harzianum is a biofungicide and is used for suppression of various disease causing fungal pathogens. Penicillium expansum, blue mold, causes postharvest decay of stored apples and produces the carcinogenic mycotoxin patulin. Meloidogyne incognita, southern root-knot nematode" or the "cotton root-knot nematode", is a nematode with multiple hosts. Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a soil plant pathogenic bacterium that carries Ti plasmid. It can transfer a particular segment of the tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid into the nucleus of infected cells. The transferred T-DNA is then integrated into the host genome and transcribed with it. This ability of Agrobacterium tumefaciens to transfer the T-DNA in host genome is explored in genetic engineering to transfer the desired DNA segment, carrying the gene of the interest, into genome of selected organisms. Option D is the correct answer. 

Which one of the following is called polynucleotide joining enzyme?

botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics insertion and ligation of dna cutting, insertion and ligation of dna biotechnology in agriculture

  1. Polymerase I

  2. Polymerase II

  3. Ligase

  4. Ribonuclease

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Ligase is nick named as 'molecular sutures'. In Biochemistry, ligase is defined as an enzyme that can catalyze the joining of two large molecules by forming a new chemical bond.

In retroviruses, RNA dependent DNA polymerase synthesizes

botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics insertion and ligation of dna cutting, insertion and ligation of dna biotechnology in agriculture

  1. DNA

  2. RNA

  3. RNA-DNA

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: C

Blood stain component to be used for DNA profiling technique is

botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics insertion and ligation of dna cutting, insertion and ligation of dna biotechnology in agriculture

  1. Serum

  2. Leucocytes

  3. Platelets

  4. Erythrocytes

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Correct Option: B

Read the following four statements (A-D) about certain mistakes in two of them:

(A) The first transgenic buffalo, Rosie produced milk which was human alpha-lactalbumin enriched.
(B) Restriction enzymes are used in isolation of DNA from other macro-molecules.
(C) Downstream processing is one of the steps of r-DNA technology.
(D) Disarmed pathogen vectors are also used in transfer of r-DNA into the host.

Which are the two statements having mistakes?

botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics insertion and ligation of dna cutting, insertion and ligation of dna biotechnology in agriculture

  1. Statements (A) and (B)

  2. Statements (B) and (C)

  3. Statements (C) and (D)

  4. Statements (A) and (C)

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

(A) Rosie was the first transgenic cow and its milk was rich in human alpha-lactalbumin protein.

(B) Restriction enzymes are used in the isolation of the specific segment of DNA from the DNA of the organism because these enzymes are capable of cutting the DNA at the specific location.
(C) Downstream processing is one of the steps in the r-DNA technology. It involves the extraction and purification of the desired product.
(D) Disarmed pathogens like Agrobacterium tumifaciens, phage viruses are also used in the transfer of r-DNA into the host.
Hence, the correct answer is '(A) and (B)'

Elution means

botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics insertion and ligation of dna cutting, insertion and ligation of dna biotechnology in agriculture

  1. Separation of DNA fragments on agarose gel

  2. Cutting and extraction of DNA bands from the agarose gel

  3. Making the DNA bands visible under UV radiation

  4. Isolation of alien DNA from the choice organism

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Correct Option: B

A dicotyledonous plant forms crown gall when

botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics insertion and ligation of dna cutting, insertion and ligation of dna biotechnology in agriculture

  1. Agrobacterium tumefaciens comes in contact with the plant

  2. Agrobacterium rhizogenes comes in contact with the plant

  3. A specific part of DNA from the Ti plasmid gets integrated with the plant chromosome

  4. A specific part of DNA from the Ri plasmid gets integrated with the plant chromosome

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Correct Option: C

Find the correct statement with respect to function or properties of RNA polymerase.

botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics insertion and ligation of dna cutting, insertion and ligation of dna biotechnology in agriculture

  1. Bacteria have $3$ different types of RNA polymerase

  2. RNA polymerase binds to promoter and initiate transcription

  3. It uses nucleoside monophosphate as substrate

  4. RNA polymerase polymerizes in a template independent manner

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Correct Option: A

Consider the following steps during recombinant DNA technology.
a. Breaking of donor DNA using restriction enzyme
b. Culture of cloned bacteria containing the fragment of donor DNA
c. Isolation of suitable plasmid
d. Insertion of recombinant DNA through cloning
e. Joining of donor DNA with a suitable plasmid using ligase
The correct sequence of these is?

botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics insertion and ligation of dna cutting, insertion and ligation of dna biotechnology in agriculture

  1. $1, 3, 2, 4, 5$

  2. $3, 2, 1, 5, 4$

  3. $1, 3, 5, 4, 2$

  4. $5, 1, 3, 4, 2$

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Correct Option: A