Tag: biotechnology in agriculture

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Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation biotechnology in agriculture

Which cannot be used for direct gene transfer 

  1. Biolistics (gene gun)

  2. Microinjection

  3. Electroporation

  4. Agrobacterium tumefacians
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Biolistics (gene gun), Microinjection and Electroporation are direct methods of gene transfer.
  • Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a gram-negative soil bacterium, which can cause crown gall tumors at wound sites of infected dicotyledonous plants.
  • Agrobacterium tumefaciens acts as a vector for the transfer of genetic material hence it cannot be used for direct gene transfer.
  • Hence Agrobacterium tumefaciens cannot be used for direct gene transfer.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Agrobacterium tumefaciens'.
Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation biotechnology in agriculture

Which of these is used as vector in gene therapy for SCID?

  1. Arbovirus

  2. Rotavirus

  3. Enterovirus

  4. Parvovirus

  5. Retrovirus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

In gene therapy trials, the retrovirus is used as a vector to treat X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X-SCID) represent the most successful application of gene therapy. The retrovirus genetic material is in the form of RNA molecules, and their hosts genetic material is in the form of DNA. When a retrovirus infects a host cell, it will introduce its RNA together with some enzymes, namely reverse transcriptase and integrase, into the cell. This RNA molecule from the retrovirus must produce a DNA copy from its RNA molecule before it can be integrated into the genetic material of the host cell. The process of producing a DNA copy from an RNA molecule is termed reverse transcription.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation biotechnology in agriculture

Transfer of DNA bands from agarose gel to nitrocellulose or nylon membrane is

  1. Southern transfer

  2. Western transfer

  3. Northern transfer

  4. Eastern transfer

  5. Gene transfer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Southern blotting is the technique used to transfer DNA fragments from an agarose gel to a membrane (like nitrocellulose) for hybridization analysis.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation biotechnology in agriculture

Gene gun can introduce genes into cells with the help of

  1. Plasmids

  2. Cosmids

  3. Microscopic pellets

  4. Phagemids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In the gene gun method, microscopic pellets of gold or tungsten are coated with the transgene fragments and shot into the plant cells or tissues at high velocity. 

So the correct option is C.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation biotechnology in agriculture

The technique in which foreign DNA is precipitated over surface of metal particles for passing into target cells is __________.

  1. Microinjection

  2. Electroporation

  3. Particle gun

  4. Chemical mediated gene transfer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Particle gun technology, also known as biolistics, involves coating microscopic metal particles (like gold or tungsten) with DNA and accelerating them into target cells. This physical method is distinct from chemical or electrical gene transfer techniques.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation biotechnology in agriculture

Microparticles for coating with DNA to be bombarded with gene gun are made of

  1. Silver or platinum

  2. Platinum or zinc

  3. Silicon or platinum

  4. Gold or tungsten
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Gold and tungsten are the standard materials used for microprojectiles in biolistic gene transfer because they are inert, dense, and can be easily prepared as microparticles.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation biotechnology in agriculture

Biolistic gun is suitable for

  1. Transformation of plant cells

  2. Disarming pathogen vectors

  3. DNA finger printing

  4. Constructing recombinant DNA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Biolistic guns are particularly effective for transforming plant cells, especially those that are difficult to infect with Agrobacterium or are recalcitrant to other transformation methods.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation biotechnology in agriculture

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is most widely used for gene transfer because of/ as 

  1. It causes crown gall tumours

  2. Its ability to insert Ti plasmid into nuclear genome

  3. It can grow anywhere

  4. It has the ability to kill pathogenic bacteria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a natural genetic engineer; it contains a Ti plasmid that it naturally transfers into the host plant cell genome, causing crown gall disease. Scientists exploit this natural mechanism to introduce foreign genes.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation biotechnology in agriculture

The most commonly used method of choice for gene transfer using immature embryos as explants is ______________.

  1. Microprojectile

  2. Electroporation

  3. Liposome medfeted

  4. Chemically stimulated
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Microprojectile bombardment (biolistics) is the most effective method for delivering DNA into complex tissues like immature embryos, as it can penetrate cell walls and reach deep into the tissue.