Biology · General Awareness

Vitamins and Nutrition

1,549 Questions

Review essential concepts of human nutrition, focusing on macro and micronutrients. The questions cover vitamin deficiencies, sources, and their physiological roles such as blood clotting and vision. This material is highly relevant for the general science section of various government exams.

Vitamin sources and functionsMacronutrients for energyBlood coagulation vitaminsDeficiency diseasesNutrient absorption mechanisms

Vitamins and Nutrition Questions

Multiple choice evs nutrition and its deficiency need for nutrients nutrition and its need nutrients needed by the body

Protective components of foods are 

  1. Minerals and vitamins

  2. Minerals, carbohydrate and proteins

  3. Minerals, carbohydrate and fats

  4. Vitamins, water and carbohydrate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Protective components of foods are minerals and vitamins. Vegetables like spinach, cabbage, brinjal, beans, and fruits are called protective foods. These components protect us from diseases. Hence, they are called protective components of food. Carbohydrates and fats are the energy components of the food. Proteins are bodybuilding components of the food. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'Minerals and vitamins.'

Multiple choice evs food components simple test for nutrients test for nutrients energy from different food components

The major components of food which is required by the body for wear and tear is _________

  1. Vitamins

  2. Minerals

  3. Salt

  4. Protein
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Proteins are called the building blocks of body. They are needed for growth and development and to repair the normal wear and tear of the body. The body needs to digest proteins to make them available to fulfill these functions. Protein is the important part of the diet as it helps in building muscles. Hence, proteins are the major components of food which is required by the body for wear and tear.

So, the correct answer is 'Protein'.

Multiple choice evs food components simple test for nutrients test for nutrients energy from different food components

Some fruits and raw vegetables should be included in the diet because 

  1. Vitamin A is present in this fruits and vegetables.

  2. Minerals are present only in raw vegetables.

  3. Vitamin C present in this food gets destroyed on cooking.

  4. Starch is not present in this food.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin. So it gets passed out of the body through urine and sweat. Even if it is taken as in cooked food, it gets destroyed on cooking. So it is required to include raw fruits and vegetables in the diet.
So the correct answer is 'Vitamin C present in this food gets destroyed on cooking'.
Multiple choice evs food components simple test for nutrients test for nutrients energy from different food components

The food sources which are rich in vitamins are 

  1. Eggs

  2. Lemon

  3. Fish oil

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Eggs also called as referred as nature's multivitamin due to the presence of vitamins. One large egg contain vitamin B like: B12, B2, B5 and vitamin A.  
Lemon is a good source of vitamin C which is also called ascorbic acid. Whereas fish oil contain vitamin A and D. 
So the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life food spoilage and food preservation methods of preserving food chemicals in food

Which of the following will not enhance nutritional value of food?

  1. Minerals

  2. Artificial sweeteners

  3. Vitamins

  4. Amino acids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Artificial sweeteners enhance the taste but will not enhance the nutritional value. Whereas minerals, vitamins and amino acid will increase the nutritional value as they are the important constituents of nutrition.

Multiple choice biology constitutes of diet role of vitamins functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals digestive disorders

Insufficient quantity of vitamins in diet affect directly formation of all except 

  1. NAD

  2. FAD

  3. Flavin mononucleoide

  4. Lipids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is a co-enzyme. It is required for the fundamental biological process that make life possible. It is called dinucleotide because it consists of two nucleotides joined together through their phosphate groups.

So, the correct option is 'NAD'.

Multiple choice biology constitutes of diet role of vitamins functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals digestive disorders need for nutrients

Which of the following vitamins are water soluble?

  1. Vit A, Vit B

  2. Vit B, Vit C

  3. Vit C, Vit D

  4. Vit A, Vit C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Vitamins which can dissolve in water are called water-soluble vitamins. Water-soluble vitamins include vitamin-C and vitamin-B because they remove the toxins from our body through urine. Therefore, they are not stored in our body and should be taken on a daily basis through the food we eat.
So, the correct option is 'Vit-B, Vit-C'
Multiple choice biology constitutes of diet role of vitamins functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals digestive disorders

Vitamins are - 

  1. Inorganic substances and can't be synthesized by animals.

  2. Inorganic substances and can be synthesized by animals.

  3. Organic substances which cannot mostly be synthesized by animals.

  4. Organic substances which can mostly be synthesized by animals.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Vitamins are the organic substances that can not be synthesized by animals and obtained through diet. Examples are vitamin A, B, C, D, E, K.
So, the correct option is C.
Multiple choice biology constitutes of diet role of vitamins functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals digestive disorders need for nutrients

Which of the following vitamins is an main antioxidant?

  1. $A$
  2. $B _6$
  3. $D$
  4. $K$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The three major antioxidant vitamins are beta-carotene, vitamin C and vitamin E. Beta carotene is an antioxidant that gets converted to vitamin A and plays a very important role in health. It's responsible for the red, yellow, and orange coloration of some fruits and veggies.

Vitamin A acts as an antioxidant within the body that scavenges harmful oxygen free radicals.
So, the correct answer is 'A'.

Multiple choice biology constitutes of diet role of vitamins functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals digestive disorders need for nutrients

Which is not shown by vitamins?

  1. Digestion

  2. Metabolism

  3. Growth

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamins are accessory food factors, which are required in small quantity for controlling metabolism and body functioning. Vitamins are of two types- fat soluble (A, D, E, K) and water soluble (B and C). Vitamins like minerals are not digested but directly absorbed from ingested food. They play role in metabolism and growth.

Multiple choice biology constitutes of diet role of vitamins functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals digestive disorders need for nutrients

A good source of vitamins of B groups is 

  1. Carrot

  2. Fish oil

  3. Germinated seeds

  4. Egg yolk
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • A vitamin is an organic molecule that is an essential micronutrient that an organism needs in small quantities for the proper functioning of its metabolism. 
  • Essential nutrients cannot be synthesized in the organism, either at all or not in sufficient quantities, and therefore must be obtained through the diet.
  • Best food sources of vitamin B:     Whole grains (brown rice, barley, millet)
                                                         Germinated seeds.
                                                         Eggs and dairy products (milk, cheese)
                                                             Legumes (beans, lentils) etc.
    • Sprouting is the natural germination process by which seeds or spores put out shoots, plants produce new leaves or buds, or other newly developing parts experience further growth. Hence, A good source of vitamins of B groups is Germinated seeds.
    So, the correct answer is 'germinated seeds'.

    Multiple choice biology constitutes of diet role of vitamins functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals digestive disorders need for nutrients

    The vitamin which can be synthesized in the gut by bacterial action is

    1. Vitamin B$ _1$
    2. B$ _2$
    3. Vitamin B$ _{12}$

    4. All of the above
    Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
    D Correct answer
    Explanation

    In the large intestine, water is absorbed into the blood as the waste materials move through the colon. The symbiotic bacteria such as E. coli and Streptococcus faecalis, normally residing in the healthy human colon, feed on protein contents of chyle breaking them into amino acids which are absorbed into the blood. The colon bacteria also synthesize vitamins B1, B2, biotin, folic acid and K which are absorbed. They also convert bile pigments into brown pigments which give colour to faeces. 

    Thus, the correct answer is option D.