Biology · General Awareness

Vitamins and Nutrition

1,549 Questions

Review essential concepts of human nutrition, focusing on macro and micronutrients. The questions cover vitamin deficiencies, sources, and their physiological roles such as blood clotting and vision. This material is highly relevant for the general science section of various government exams.

Vitamin sources and functionsMacronutrients for energyBlood coagulation vitaminsDeficiency diseasesNutrient absorption mechanisms

Vitamins and Nutrition Questions

Multiple choice properties of enzyme enzyme properties enzymes biomolecules: chemical constituents of living cells biology

Vitamin as a building block is present in ___________.

  1. Apoenzyme

  2. Alloenzyme

  3. Metallic ion

  4. Lipoprotein

  5. Coenzyme
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

The vitamins act as part of coenzymes, small molecules that combine with an enzyme to make it active.

Vitamin B 6 assists in the synthesis of new proteins in the cell by assembling protein building blocks called amino acids.

Multiple choice biology a healthy diet minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Which one is correct matching for vitamin, its nature and deficiency disease

  1. Vitamin A Fat soluble Night blindness

  2. Vitamin K - Fat soluble Beri-beri

  3. Vitamin A Fat soluble Beri-beri

  4. Vitamin K Water soluble Pellagra
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin A is fat-soluble and its deficiency causes night blindness. Vitamin K is also fat-soluble, but its deficiency is related to blood clotting issues, not beri-beri.

Multiple choice biology plants and animal hormones parathyroid gland thyroid and parathyroid gland thyroid, parathyroid and thymus gland

Parathormone influences calcium absorption in small intestine by regulating metabolism of 

  1. Vitamin C

  2. Vitamin D

  3. Vitamin B

  4. Enterogastrone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Parathormone is secreted from the parathyroid hormone and increases blood calcium level by increasing the reabsorption of calcium from the bones. Parathormone increases calcium absorption in small intestine by regulating metabolism of vitamin D because it stimulates osteoclasts. These are the cells that cause breakdown by dissolution of calcium from bone and thus, concentration of calcium is increased in blood.
So, the correct answer is 'Vitamin D'.
Multiple choice biology health and hygiene - food for living minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Steroid is a/an

  1. Cholesterol

  2. Vitamin

  3. Organic compound

  4. Fatty acid ester
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Steroids like cholesterol are crystallisable lipids having four hydrocarbon rings (phenanthrene, consisting of three cyclohexane and one cyclopentane) and a long hydrocarbon side chain. Fatty acids are absent. Sterols are precursors of steroid hormone and vitamin D. They are essential for plant growth and flowering. Cholesterol forms bile salts and hence, essential for absorption of fatty acids.

Multiple choice evs - i constituents of food minerals in our diets types of nutrients nutrients and deficiency

Vitamin A is present in ?

  1. fish liver oil

  2. milk

  3. butter

  4. all of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Vitamin A is present in liver, milk, green and yellow vegetables and yellow fruits, such as broccoli, spinach, turnip greens, carrots, squash, sweet potatoes, pumpkin, apricots, cod liver oil and in animal sources such as liver, milk, butter, cheese, and whole eggs etc.

Hence, the correct option is D.
Multiple choice evs - i constituents of food minerals in our diets types of nutrients nutrients and deficiency

Match the name of vitamins in column I with their sources in column II and mark the appropriate choice. 

Column I Column II
(A) Vitamin ${B} _{1}$ (i) Milk, yeast, cereals
(B) Vitamin ${B} _{12}$ (ii) Meat, fish, egg
(C) Vitamin A (iii) Carrots, butter, papaya
(D) Vitamin C (iv) Citrus fruits, amla, green leafy vegetables
  1. (A) $\rightarrow$ (iii), (B) $\rightarrow$ (iv), (C) $\rightarrow$ (i), (D) $\rightarrow$ (ii)
  2. (A) $\rightarrow$ (ii), (B) $\rightarrow$ (i), (C) $\rightarrow$ (ii), (D) $\rightarrow$ (iv)
  3. (A) $\rightarrow$ (iv), (B) $\rightarrow$ (iii), (C) $\rightarrow$ (ii), (D) $\rightarrow$ (i)
  4. (A) $\rightarrow$ (i), (B) $\rightarrow$ (ii), (C) $\rightarrow$ (ii), (D) $\rightarrow$ (iv)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin $B _1$ is mostly found in meat, fish, and poultry products

Vitamin $B _{12}$ is found in cereals, yeast, and most of the milk and milk products
Vitamin A is found in meat, fish, eggs and dairy products
Vitamin C is found naturally in fruits(citrus fruits and their juices) and green leafy vegetables

Multiple choice evs - i constituents of food minerals in our diets types of nutrients nutrients and deficiency

The function of vitamin $D$ is:

  1. calcium absorption in the intestine

  2. normal development of bones and teeth

  3. deposition of calcium and phosphate in bones

  4. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin $D$ is required for the normal development of bones and teeth.
It regulates the adsorption of calcium and phosphate from intestine and promotes formation of bone.
It helps in deposition of calcium and phosphate in bones.

Multiple choice evs - i constituents of food minerals in our diets types of nutrients nutrients and deficiency

Vitamin D is called:

  1. Ascorbic acid.

  2. Calciferol or ergocalciferol.

  3. Thiamine.

  4. Riboflavin.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin $D$ is called calciferol or ergocalciferol. lt is a steroid hormone that has long been known for its important role in regulating body levels of calcium and phosphorus, and in mineralization of bone.
Vitamin $D$ in human body exist in two form :
(I) Vitamin $D _2$, also called as ergocalciferol.
(II) Vitamin $D _3$, also called as calciferol or cholecalciferol. 

Multiple choice evs - i constituents of food minerals in our diets types of nutrients nutrients and deficiency

The vitamin which maintain the redox potentials of cells is:

  1. folic acid

  2. ascorbic acid

  3. pyridoxine

  4. calciferol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The vitamin which maintain the redox potentials of cells is ascorbic acid. It is also called as vitamin $C$. It is the component of plasma and extracellular fluids and so can control lipid peroxidationof cellular membranes, thus maintaining the redox integrity of cells. Vitamin $C$ along with zinc, iron and copper enhances the immunity of the body. It has therapeutic potential against neuro degenerative disease. It is a potent antioxidant and this activity is transition metal-dependent due to its reduction potential. In the absence of enzymes, vitamin $C$ reduces free $Fe^{+3}$ and $Cu^{+2}$ to reactive forms $Fe^{+2}$ and $Cu^{+1}$, which then participate in the radical-producing Fenton reaction.