Biology · General Awareness

Vaccination and Immunity

997 Questions

This hub presents questions focused on vaccination and human immunity. It covers essential topics such as herd immunity, non-specific immunity, antigens, and historical vaccine developments. These concepts are crucial for general science sections in medical and civil service exams.

Herd immunity functionsNon-specific immunitySmallpox vaccinationInterferon proteinsAntigen propertiesImmunological amnesia

Vaccination and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice

The pentavalent vaccine administered by the government in Tamil Nadu provides vaccination against which of these diseases?

  1. Haemophilus Influenza B
  2. Tetanus
  3. Diphtheria
  4. Pertussis
  5. Measles

  1. 1, 3 and 4

  2. 2, 3 and 5

  3. 1, 2, 3 and 4

  4. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

GOI has decided to introduce the pentavalent vaccine in Tamil Nadu and Kerala. Pentavalent vaccine is given by an intra muscular injection provides protection to a child from 5 life-threatening diseases - Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Hepatitis B and Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b like pneumonia, meningitis, bacteremia, epiglottitis, septic arthritis etc.). 

Multiple choice

DPT refers to a class of combination vaccines against three infectious diseases in humans: diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough) and tetanus caused by bacteria. Which of the following is/are correctly matched with their causative pathogens?

  1. Diphtheria - Corynebacterium
  2. Pertussis - Bordetella
  3. Tenanus - Clostridium

  1. Only 3

  2. 1 and 3

  3. 2 and 3

  4. All of them
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Explanation

  • Diphtheria is an upper respiratory tract illness caused by the bacterium 'Corynebacterium diphtheriae'. Because of widespread and routine childhood DPT immunizations, diphtheria is now rare in many parts of the world.
  • Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious bacterial disease caused by the bacterium 'Bordetella pertussis'. In some countries, this disease is called the 100 days' cough.
  • Tetanus is a condition characterized by a prolonged contraction of skeletal muscle fibers caused by the bacterium 'Clostridium tetani'.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements:

  1. Smallpox has been completely eradicated worldwide.
  2. BCG vaccine is used to protect against tuberculosis.

Which of the given statements is/are correct?

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Both 1 and 2

  4. Neither 1 nor 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Statement 1 is correct. According to World Health Organization (WHO), smallpox has been completely eradicated worldwide. Statement 2 is also correct. BCG vaccine is used to protect against tuberculosis.

Multiple choice

An active immune system recruits many cells of the affected tissue to kill off the disease-causing microbes. What is this recruitment process known as?

  1. Inflammation

  2. Infection

  3. Immunisation

  4. Vaccination
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

When the immune system recruits cells, it actually prepares the body to fight microbes of diseases. This is called immunisation. Vaccination is the process of giving the medicine/formulation to bring immunity. Inflammation refers to swelling which may be a consequence of some infection, i.e. attack of infectious agents. Hence, only option (3) is the correct answer.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements about vaccines is/are correct?

a. A vaccine is an antigen that is injected or swallowed. b. Antigens are treated before being introduced into the body of the person in order to make them relatively harmless. c. Antigens cause the development of active immunity in a patient.

  1. only a

  2. only b

  3. only c

  4. a, b and c

  5. Both a and c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer as all the statements about vaccines are correct.