Geography · Science General

Rocks and Earth Materials

1,176 Questions

Study geographical questions centered around rocks, minerals, and earth materials. The focus is on the formation and identification of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. These earth science topics are commonly tested in civil services and state level examinations.

Igneous rocksSedimentary rocksMetamorphic processEarth materialsGeomorphic symbols

Rocks and Earth Materials Questions

Multiple choice soil as a natural resource natural resources - air, water and land land physical resources biology

Which of the following is known as the parent material in the formation of soil?

  1. Sand

  2. Stone

  3. Rocks

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Soil is mainly formed due to the weathering of large rocks. The action of abiotic factors on the rocks leads the gradual conversion into the layer of soil. The process of soil formation is known as pedogenesis. Soil is the mixture of minerals, organic matter, gasses, liquids, and the countless organisms that together support life on the earth. The mineral riches of soil provides fertility to the soil and hence, help the plants to grow well. 

So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice geography the signature of time volcanoes volcanism earthquake and volcanoes earthquakes and volcanoes

Funnel shaped mouth of a volcano is called _____.

  1. Vent

  2. Crater

  3. Chamber

  4. Lava
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Volcanic crater is a circular depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity. It's typically a basin, circular in form within which occurs a vent from which magma erupts as gases, lava, and ejecta. A crater can be of large dimensions, and sometimes of great depth.

Multiple choice geography the signature of time volcanoes volcanism earthquake and volcanoes earthquakes and volcanoes

When a volcano ejects acidic lava, eruption is usually ____________.

  1. Light and less violent

  2. Soft and less violent

  3. Loud and less violent

  4. Loud and more violent
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

When a volcano ejects acid lava, they are loud and violent usually because of the explosive pressures building up in magma. They eject acid lava, ash, gases and rock fragments. They are dangerous as materials can rain down on settlements. Ex: Eruptions at Krakatoa in Indonesia.

Multiple choice geography volcanoes volcanism earthquake and volcanoes development of landforms earthquakes and volcanoes types and features of earthquakes and volcanoes

Frequency of eruption serves as the basis of classification of volcanoes. Which of the following is not in this category?

  1. dormant volcanoes

  2. active volcanoes

  3. composite volcanoes

  4. extinct volcanoes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

An active volcano is a volcano that has had at least one eruption during the past 10,000 years. An active volcano might be erupting or dormant.

An erupting volcano is an active volcano that is having an eruption...

A dormant volcano is an active volcano that is not erupting but supposed to erupt again.

An extinct volcano has not had an eruption for at least 10,000 years and is not expected to erupt again in a comparable time scale of the future.

The above classification is based on the frequency of eruption while the classification as a composite volcano is based on the structure of the volcano thus option C is the right answer.

Multiple choice geography volcanoes volcanism earthquake and volcanoes development of landforms earthquakes and volcanoes types and features of earthquakes and volcanoes

Large depression formed by volcanic eruption is called as ________.

  1. Caldera lake

  2. Crater lake

  3. Vane

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A caldera is a large depression formed when a volcano erupts and collapses. During a volcanic eruption, magma present in the magma chamber underneath the volcano is expelled, often forcefully.

Multiple choice geography volcanoes volcanism earthquake and volcanoes development of landforms earthquakes and volcanoes types and features of earthquakes and volcanoes

Which one of the following flows out from a volcano?

  1. Water

  2. Lava

  3. Igneous rocks

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Lava flows from the volcano. Molten rock materials are generally called magma below the earth's surface while when they come out at the earth's face they are called lava. Lava is very hot and the temperature ranges between 700 to 1200 degrees Celsius.

Multiple choice geography volcanoes volcanism earthquake and volcanoes development of landforms earthquakes and volcanoes types and features of earthquakes and volcanoes

The funnel-shaed hollow at the top of the cone of a volcano is called ___________.

  1. crater

  2. caldera

  3. vent

  4. magma
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A volcanic crater is a funnel shaped hollow at the top of the vent. It is formed as lava and gas and ash are blasted upwards from the main vent. Material falls back down to earth around the vent and slowly piles up forming a rim around it. The inside of the crater is kept clear by the force of upward moving material constantly removing any debris which falls there.

Multiple choice geography volcanoes volcanism earthquake and volcanoes development of landforms earthquakes and volcanoes types and features of earthquakes and volcanoes

The liquid that flows out of a volcano is called ________.

  1. Lava

  2. Magma

  3. Mantle

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Lava is the molten rock expelled by a volcano during an eruption. A lava flow is a moving/outpouring of lava, which is created during a non-explosive effusive eruption. When it has stopped moving, lava solidifies to form igneous rock. The term lava flow is commonly shortened to lava. Although lava can be up to 100,000 times more viscous than water, lava can flow great distances before cooling and solidifying because of its thixotropic and shear thinning properties.

Multiple choice geography volcanoes volcanism earthquake and volcanoes development of landforms earthquakes and volcanoes types and features of earthquakes and volcanoes

Hot molten rock material inside the earth is called _____and after reacting the earth's surface, it is known as ________.

  1. Magma, lava

  2. Lava, magma

  3. Crater, magma

  4. Lava, crater
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Magma is an extremely hot liquid and semi-liquid rock located under Earth's surface. Earth has a layered structure that consists of the inner core, outer core, mantle, and crust. Much of the planet's mantle consists of magma. When magma flows or erupts onto Earth's surface, it is called lava.

Multiple choice geography earthquakes and volcanoes volcanoes volcanism types and features of earthquakes and volcanoes movement of the earth's plates

Sometimes hot molten rocks formed inside the earth are forced out through openings in the earth's surface such as the craters in volcanoes. What is the molten rock inside the earth called? 

  1. Magma

  2. Sludge

  3. Coal tar

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Molten rock located beneath the Earth's surface is called magma. Once it erupts onto the surface, it is referred to as lava.

Multiple choice evs - i our earth and our solar system asteroids, comets, and meteors and meteorites other objects in solar system asteroids, comets and meteors

Meteorites are useful because:

  1. those can be stored in the museum

  2. those help the scientists in studying the material from which the solar system was formed

  3. those cause destruction

  4. those are only rocks
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Meteorites are useful mainly because they help the scientists in studying the material from which the solar system was formed.

Multiple choice

Rocks that are rich in metals are known as...?

  1. Metalloids

  2. Allotropes

  3. Slag

  4. Ores
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Ores are naturally occurring rocks or minerals that contain a sufficiently high concentration of metals to make their extraction economically viable.