Geography · Science General

Rocks and Earth Materials

1,291 Questions

Study geographical questions centered around rocks, minerals, and earth materials. The focus is on the formation and identification of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. These earth science topics are commonly tested in civil services and state level examinations.

Igneous rocksSedimentary rocksMetamorphic processEarth materialsGeomorphic symbols

Rocks and Earth Materials Questions

Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

The rock which is made up of molten magma is ________.

  1. igneous

  2. sedimentary

  3. metamorphic

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The word igneous has been derived from a Latin word 'ignis', meaning thereby fire. The igneous rocks are formed due to cooling, solidification, and crystallization of hot and molten materials known as magmas and lavas. They were originated first of all the rocks during the formation of the earth.

Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

Rocks which mostly contain fossils are

  1. sedimentary rocks

  2. metamorphic rocks

  3. igneous rocks

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Among the three major types of rock, fossils are most commonly found in sedimentary rock. Unlike most igneous and metamorphic rocks, sedimentary rocks form at temperatures and pressures that do not destroy fossil remains.

Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

Rock salt and gypsum are ___________ formed sedimentary rocks.

  1. Chemically

  2. Mechanically

  3. Physically

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Chemical sedimentary rocks are formed by the precipitation of minerals from water. Precipitation is when dissolved materials come out of water. They are typically made up of the minerals halite (calcium chloride, or rock salt) and gypsum (calcium sulfate).

Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

Gold, petroleum and coal are examples of ____________.

  1. Rocks

  2. Minerals

  3. Fossils

  4. Liquid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

B. Minerals

Native gold is an element and a mineral. It is highly prized by people because of its attractive color, resistance to tarnish, and its many special properties - some of which are unique to gold. Its rarity, usefulness, and desirability make it command a high price. 

The term mineral is sometimes used in reference to natural earth (non-living) resources, and thus, in a non-scientific sense, petroleum resources are mineral resources and deposits of petroleum are often called mineral deposits. Coal, sands, gravel, and such would also be considered a mineral resource in this particular usage, even though coal is a rock, not a mineral, and the others are mixes of multiple minerals and/or rocks and not, strictly speaking, minerals.

Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

Where are mushroom rocks formed?

  1. Deserts

  2. River valleys

  3. Glaciers

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Mushroom rocks are formed in deserts. It is an erosional landform of arid regions. The mushroom rocks have a broad upper part and narrow base resembling an umbrella. The erosive power of wind is very high at a certain height from the ground level. The resistant rocks take the shape of a mushroom having large top and a small neck.

Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

Which of the following rock is formed from molten lava?

  1. Igneous rock

  2. Sedimentary rock

  3. Metamorphic rock

  4. Sand stone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. The magma can be derived from partial melts of existing rocks in either a planet's mantle or crust. Igneous rocks occur in a wide range of geological settings: shields, platforms, extended crust, basins, and oceanic crust.

Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

The Maharashtra plateau and the Sahyadris are formed from which rock?

  1. Metamorphic rocks

  2. Igneous rocks

  3. Sedimentary rocks

  4. Lime stone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Deccan Traps, which include the Maharashtra plateau and the Sahyadris, were formed by massive volcanic eruptions, resulting in igneous rock (specifically basalt).

Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

Which rock is also called the primary rock?

  1. Igneous rock

  2. Metamorphic rock

  3. Sedimentary rock

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Igneous rocks are known as primary rocks as they are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. The magma can be derived from partial melts of existing rocks in either a planet's mantle or crust.

All other rocks are derived from them, so they are also called as parent rock.

Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

The rocks on which the soils are formed consist of stones, clay and sand particles. It is known as Regolith, in the beginning of which, ________ was/were there.

  1. Only minerals

  2. Air

  3. Organic substances

  4. Water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Regolith is a region of loose unconsolidated rock and dust that sits atop a layer of bedrock. On Earth, regolith also includes soil. It includes dust, soil, broken rock, and other related materials. It is present on Earth, the Moon, Mars, some asteroids, and other terrestrial planets and moons.

Multiple choice soil as a natural resource natural resources - air, water and land land physical resources biology

Which of the following is known as the parent material in the formation of soil?

  1. Sand

  2. Stone

  3. Rocks

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Soil is mainly formed due to the weathering of large rocks. The action of abiotic factors on the rocks leads the gradual conversion into the layer of soil. The process of soil formation is known as pedogenesis. Soil is the mixture of minerals, organic matter, gasses, liquids, and the countless organisms that together support life on the earth. The mineral riches of soil provides fertility to the soil and hence, help the plants to grow well. 

So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice geography the signature of time volcanoes volcanism earthquake and volcanoes earthquakes and volcanoes

Funnel shaped mouth of a volcano is called _____.

  1. Vent

  2. Crater

  3. Chamber

  4. Lava
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Volcanic crater is a circular depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity. It's typically a basin, circular in form within which occurs a vent from which magma erupts as gases, lava, and ejecta. A crater can be of large dimensions, and sometimes of great depth.

Multiple choice geography the signature of time volcanoes volcanism earthquake and volcanoes earthquakes and volcanoes

When a volcano ejects acidic lava, eruption is usually ____________.

  1. Light and less violent

  2. Soft and less violent

  3. Loud and less violent

  4. Loud and more violent
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

When a volcano ejects acid lava, they are loud and violent usually because of the explosive pressures building up in magma. They eject acid lava, ash, gases and rock fragments. They are dangerous as materials can rain down on settlements. Ex: Eruptions at Krakatoa in Indonesia.