Geography · Science General

Rocks and Earth Materials

1,176 Questions

Study geographical questions centered around rocks, minerals, and earth materials. The focus is on the formation and identification of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. These earth science topics are commonly tested in civil services and state level examinations.

Igneous rocksSedimentary rocksMetamorphic processEarth materialsGeomorphic symbols

Rocks and Earth Materials Questions

Multiple choice evs mud and stones soil types types of soil soil - types, uses and need for conservation

Which of the following contains the smallest rock particles?

  1. Silt

  2. Clay

  3. Sand

  4. All contain equal sized particles
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Clay soil particles are very small, packed very tightly and little space remain for air, water can be held in tiny space between the particles, so it has a good capacity to hold water. Thus, the correct option is C.

Multiple choice geography the properties of sea water properties of sea water oceanic salinity and oceanic temperature oceans : temperature, salinity and density circulation of ocean water

The heavier silicates named 'Sima' or silica + magnesium are most aboundant in the __________.

  1. Crust

  2. Core

  3. Mantle

  4. Ocean floors
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The heavier silicates named 'Sima' or silica + magnesium are most aboundant in the ocean floor.

These are a mix of minerals like gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, and rare earth metals like molybdenum, tellurium, and titanium that form along the ocean floor—near underwater volcanic vents. Finally, there are cobalt-rich ferromanganese (Fe-Mn) crusts that form a layer of the ocean floor.

Multiple choice evs mud and stones soil - formation and profile soil-nature soil profile

Precious stones, such as gem stones, are products of

  1. Volcanic rocks

  2. Sedimentary rocks

  3. Metamorphic racks

  4. Igneous rocks
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • A gemstone, also known as the precious stone, jewel, a gem is a piece of mineral crystal which is cut and polished and it is used to make jewellery or other accessories. Gemstones are formed from igneous rocks. Interlocking crystals grow within intrusive igneous rock and may form gemstones depending on elements present, cooling time and the environment.
  • Hence precious stones, such as gemstones, are products of igneous rocks.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Igneous rocks'.
Multiple choice evs mud and stones soil - formation and profile soil-nature soil profile

The Precambrian red rock indicates the ________________.

  1. Presence of the free oxygen

  2. Absence of free oxygen

  3. Presence of hydrogen

  4. Presence of water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The presence of red rocks (often banded iron formations) from the Precambrian era indicates oxidation of iron, which required the presence of free oxygen in the atmosphere.

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation river landform landforms created by wind erosion wind and coast

Weathering refers to the _______  of rocks by atmospheric reagent.

  1. disintegration

  2. denudation

  3. heat

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Denudation is the long-term sum of processes that cause the wearing away of the Earth’s surface by moving water, ice, wind and waves, leading to a reduction in elevation and relief of landforms and landscapes. Endogenous processes such as volcanoes, earthquakes, and plate tectonics uplift and expose continental crust to the exogenous processes of weathering, erosion, and mass wasting.

Multiple choice evs weather, climate and adaptation of animals to different climates climate and weather weather, climate and adaptations of animals to climate atmosphere and its components

What chemical reaction takes place when chemicals from rocks dissolved in water?

  1. Chemical Weathering

  2. Physical weathering

  3. Weathering

  4. Rock cycle
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Chemical weathering is the process by which rocks are broken down by chemical reactions, such as dissolution, oxidation, or hydrolysis, often involving water and dissolved minerals.

Multiple choice botany energy flow in an ecosystem biogeochemical cycle nutrient cycles species, communities and ecosystems

Which one of the following pairs is a sedimentary type of biogeochemical cycle

  1. Phosphorus and carbon dioxide

  2. Oxygen and nitrogen

  3. Phosphorus and nitrogen

  4. Phosphorus and sulphur
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Phosphorus and sulfur both have sedimentary biogeochemical cycles - they cycle through rocks, soil, and sediments. Carbon and oxygen have gaseous cycles (CO2 in atmosphere). Nitrogen has a predominantly gaseous cycle (N2 atmosphere). The correct pair is phosphorus and sulfur.

Multiple choice botany energy flow in an ecosystem biogeochemical cycle nutrient cycles species, communities and ecosystems

Which one of these is a sedimentary cycle?

  1. Phosphorous

  2. Hydrogen

  3. Oxygen

  4. Nitrogen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Phosphorus cycle is an example for sedimentary cycle. 

A cycle which comprises the weathering of an existing rock, followed by the erosion of minerals, their transport and deposition, then burial, is called as sedimentary cycle. 
First cycle sediments are characterized by the presence of less resistant minerals and rock fragments. If this material is reworked through a second cycle, the less resistant minerals will be eliminated or altered to more stable products. 
The more sedimentary cycles, that a sediment has passed through the more mature, it will become and it will be dominated by well rounded resistant minerals.

Multiple choice botany environmental factors soil-nature climate factors abiotic components

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given .
Which of the following best describes strata ?

  1. Sedimentary rock layers that contain fossils

  2. Molten rock that contains radioactive material and is dangerous to the health of humans

  3. Sedimentary rock layers that all date from the same historical time

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fossils are the remains of living creatures, both plants, and animals, or their tracks. These are found in sedimentary rock. Sedimentary rock is composed of strata. The term rock strata refer to stacked-up layers of sedimentary rock. Other kinds of rocks can have layering in them, but the word strata are reserved for sedimentary rocks - rocks composed of individual fragments of minerals or other rocks. 

So, the correct option is 'Sedimentary rock layers that contain fossils'.

Multiple choice geography mineral and energy resources - ii mineral resources - coal - introduction mining mineral fuels

Coal is formed in ______.

  1. Metamorphic rocks

  2. Sedimentary rocks

  3. Igneous rocks

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Coal is itself a sedimentary rock formed when remains of plants such as peat undergo bacterial decay and followed by compaction due to sedimentation, as it undergoes this process it releases methane and becomes carbon rich and hard.

Multiple choice geography mineral and energy resources - ii mineral resources - coal - introduction mining mineral fuels

In which type of rock coal is found?

  1. Igneous rock

  2. Metamorphic rock

  3. Sedimentary rock

  4. Sand stone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Coal is an inflammable organic substance, composed mainly of hydrocarbons, found in the form of sedimentary rocks and capable of being used as fuel to supply heat or light or both. It is formed when sub merged vegetation remains under great pressure for a considerably long time. 

Multiple choice chemistry elements and compounds alloys and their properties metals, alloys and crystals chemical bonding and structure

$SiO _2$ (Silica) occurs in the form of:

  1. sand

  2. quartz

  3. opal

  4. all of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Silica also known as silicon dioxide. It is found in nature as quartz, sand or opal. Silica more so than almost any material exists in many crystalline forms called polymorphs. Silica in the form of sand is used as ingredient in sand casting.