Geography · Science General

Rocks and Earth Materials

1,176 Questions

Study geographical questions centered around rocks, minerals, and earth materials. The focus is on the formation and identification of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. These earth science topics are commonly tested in civil services and state level examinations.

Igneous rocksSedimentary rocksMetamorphic processEarth materialsGeomorphic symbols

Rocks and Earth Materials Questions

Multiple choice biology biogeochemical cycles carbon cycling mineral coal carbon cycle

In the earths crust carbon is found in the form of

  1. Carbonates

  2. Hydrogen carbonates

  3. Petroleum

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In the Earths crust only 0.02% Carbon is found in the form of minerals like carbonates, hydrogen carbonates, coal and petroleum.

Multiple choice chemistry p- block elements-ii group 16 elements - general properties group 16 elements - trends in chemical properties group 16 elements

The most abundant non-metal in the earth's crust is:

  1. chlorine

  2. hydrogen

  3. silicon

  4. oxygen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Aluminium is the first most abundant metal while iron is the second most abundant metal on earth. It is the fourth most common element in the earth's crust. Oxygen is the most abundant non metal and second is silicon present on earth's crust.

Multiple choice economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

Acid rain is capable of damaging the buildings and historic monuments which are made up of rocks such as limestone and marble. Which among the following is the end product of such reaction?

  1. Quick Lime

  2. Calcium Carbonate

  3. Calcium Hydroxide

  4. Gypsum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

When sulfuric acid in acid rain reacts with calcium carbonate (limestone/marble), it produces calcium sulfate, commonly known as gypsum, which is water-soluble and washes away.

Multiple choice components of earth geography inside our earth the earth's structure structure of the earth our world earth and structure

The physical evidence that the core is composed mostly of iron is ________________.

  1. the known mass of Earth requires material of high density at the core.

  2. volcanoes erupt material from the core to the surface.

  3. scientists have sampled the core and determined its composition.

  4. all of these.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Outer core: It is located beneath mantle. The outer core is composed of the melted metals like nickel and iron.

Inner core: It is composed of an iron–nickel alloy and some light elements.

Thus core is mostly constituted by iron. This fact can be known by the measurement of densities of various layers of earth. At the core there is a higher density and this density could only be possible by higher amounts of iron present in the core.

Multiple choice components of earth geography inside our earth the earth's structure structure of the earth our world earth and structure

The oceanic crust consists mainly of _________.

  1. basaltic rocks

  2. granitic rocks

  3. gabbroic rocks

  4. ultramafic rocks
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The oceanic crust consists of a volcanic lava rock called basalt. Oceanic crust is the thin crust underlying the oceans. Basalt is dark coloured igneous rock mainly composed of pyroxene mineral. It most commonly forms as an extrusive rock, such as a lava.

Basalt density present is equal to 3.0 g cm'3

Multiple choice components of earth geography inside our earth the earth's structure structure of the earth our world earth and structure

The hard and resistant materials forming the earth's crust are called _____________.

  1. Rocks

  2. Metals

  3. Minerals

  4. Lava
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • The hard resistant materials forming the earth's crust are called the rocks. Hence option A is correct
  • In different types of rocks, different metals and minerals are found.
  • Lava is the molten material that gets ejected out of a volcano.
Multiple choice components of earth geography inside our earth the earth's structure structure of the earth our world earth and structure

Which one of the following statements is not correct about the core of the earth?

  1. It is made up of light minerals

  2. It is made up of hot and molten rocks
  3. Its estimated temperature is about $3300^{\circ}C$

  4. It acts like a solid mass
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • The core of the earth is made up of heavy minerals like iron and nickel hence statement in option A is incorrect which makes it the right answer.
  • Rest statements are true 
  • The outer core is made up of molten rocks, its estimated temperature is 3300 degrees C and the inner core acts like a solid mass.
  • Note- inner core is solid and the outer core is liquid.
Multiple choice components of earth geography inside our earth the earth's structure structure of the earth our world earth and structure

The upper part of the earth's crust is called SIAL because ___________.

  1. It is rich in sodium and aluminium

  2. It is rich in silica and aluminium

  3. It is rich in scandium and arsenic

  4. It is rich in sulphur and argon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The outer or upper layer of the earth's crust is mostly found under the continent. Silica and aluminum are abundantly found in this layer therefore it is popularly known as SIAL. The average density of the layer is 2.75 to 2.90 and the average thickness is 8 to 100 km.

Multiple choice components of earth geography inside our earth the earth's structure structure of the earth our world earth and structure

The lower part of the crust known as 'Oceanic Crust' is rich in __________.

  1. Aluminium and copper

  2. Magnesium and aluminium

  3. Copper and gold

  4. Silica and magnesium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sima is the name for the lower layer of the Earth's crust. This layer is made of rocks rich in magnesium silicate minerals. Typically when the sima comes to the surface it is basalt, so sometimes this layer is called the 'basalt layer' of the crust. The sima layer is also called the basal crust or basal layer because it is the lowest layer of the crust. Because the ocean floors are mainly sima, it is also sometimes called the oceanic crust.

Multiple choice components of earth geography inside our earth the earth's structure structure of the earth our world earth and structure

The Sima layer is formed of _______ and _________.

  1. silica and argon

  2. sulphur and magnesium

  3. silica and magnesium

  4. sulphur and argon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The Sima layer is formed of silica and magnesium. This layer is below top layer and made up of basalt rock which is heavier than the topmost layer. The density of the layer varies from 3.1 to 5.00. the average thickness of this layer is 100 to 2900 km.