Geography · Science General

Rocks and Earth Materials

1,291 Questions

Study geographical questions centered around rocks, minerals, and earth materials. The focus is on the formation and identification of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. These earth science topics are commonly tested in civil services and state level examinations.

Igneous rocksSedimentary rocksMetamorphic processEarth materialsGeomorphic symbols

Rocks and Earth Materials Questions

Multiple choice geography plate tectonics lithosphere and asthenosphere rocks and rock cycle rocks and rock types

The volcanoes which are not active now but have the possibility of eruption in the future are known as ______________.

  1. Composite volcanoes

  2. Dormant volcanoes

  3. Extinct volcanoes

  4. Extrusive volcanoes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Dormant volcanoes are those that are not currently erupting but have erupted in the past and are expected to erupt again in the future.

Multiple choice biology origin and evolution of life fossilization geological time scale, extinctions and fossils concepts of evolution

The richest source of fossils is

  1. Basalt

  2. Granite

  3. Lava

  4. Sedimentary rock
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Fossils are organic products which are conserved in the Earth's crust. This means that the fossil is usually formed on or under the Earth's surface or under the water. In other words in the biosphere (think about the biosphere limits). Then this organic material is covered by debris and etc. and becomes the fossil material. The sedimentary rocks are the one type which can contain fossils because these rocks are formed on the Earth surface, under the water etc. In other words, the biosphere can only interact with the sediments. 

So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice geography major landforms of the earth movement of the earth's plates development of landforms study of continents - north america

Maharashtrian Plateau is made up of ______.

  1. Alluvial soil

  2. Coral reef

  3. Basalt rock

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • The Maharashtra Plateau is mostly made up of basalt rocks of igneous origin. 
  • The Basalt layers are almost horizontal and this gives an appearance of a step like structure to the entire landscape.
Multiple choice geography earthquakes and volcanoes volcanism types and features of earthquakes and volcanoes movement of the earth's plates

Mountains and continents are formed due to ___________.

  1. rapid earth movement

  2. slow earth movement

  3. weathering

  4. erosion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Mountain and continents are formed due to slow earth movement. Slow forces include both vertical and horizontal movements which are caused due to forces deep within the earth. These forces operate very slowly and their effects become discernible after thousands and million of year. 

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

Which of the following material is least susceptible to chemical weathering?

  1. Halite

  2. Quartz

  3. Limestone

  4. Feldspar
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in the earth’s crust. This is used in making jewelry and hard stone carvings. It is the hardest material and is least susceptible to chemical weathering.

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

It is the process in which minerals in the rocks dissolve in water. 

  1. Sublimation

  2. Solution

  3. Heating

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Solution is obtained when some substances present in the rocks are directly soluble in water. The soluble substances are removed by the continuous action of water and the rock no longer remains solid and form holes, rills or rough surface and ultimately falls into pieces or decomposes. The action is considerably increased when the water is acidified by the dissolution of organic and inorganic acids.

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

Which one is a type of weathering?

  1. Mechanical weathering

  2. Chemical weathering

  3. Biological weathering

  4. All of above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Breaking or weakening of rocks is a natural phenomenon. It is called weathering. Weathering can be of three type:-
  • Mechanical weathering
  • Chemical weathering
  • Biological weathering
Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

Lime stone is formed due to chemical precipitation between ____________.

  1. Water and Carbon dioxide

  2. Water and Iron

  3. Water and Alkalis

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Lime stone is formed due to chemical precipitation between water and alkalis. At Wadgaon Darya in Ahmadnagar district, limestones gets precipitated chemically i.e. undergoes chemical weathering. Similarly, because of solution, alkalis in the rock dissolve and make them brittle.

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

Which chemical weathering process involves the action of carbonic acid on rocks such as limestone?

  1. Hydration

  2. Carbonation

  3. Solution

  4. Oxidation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Carbonation is the reaction of carbonate or bicarbonate ions with minerals. The process of carbonation is also known as solution wherein atmospheric carbon dioxide after mixing with water forms carbonic acid which after reacting with carbonate rocks like limestoe forms calcium bicarbonate which is easily dissolved in water.

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

When oxygen combines with iron and other elements in rocks the process is called _________.

  1. solution

  2. oxidation

  3. carbonation

  4. hydration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The oxidation simply means a reaction of atmospheric oxygen to form oxides. The atmospheric oxygen after reacting with the rocks produces several types of oxides, iron oxide being the most important, which weaken the rocks to disintegrate.