Geography · Science General

Rocks and Earth Materials

1,176 Questions

Study geographical questions centered around rocks, minerals, and earth materials. The focus is on the formation and identification of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. These earth science topics are commonly tested in civil services and state level examinations.

Igneous rocksSedimentary rocksMetamorphic processEarth materialsGeomorphic symbols

Rocks and Earth Materials Questions

Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

The ___________ are the primary source of all other rocks.

  1. sedimentary rocks

  2. igneous rocks

  3. metamorphic rocks

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The igneous rocks are called primary rocks because these were originated first of all rocks during the formation of the upper crust of the earth on cooling, solidification, and crystallization of hot and liquid magmas after the origin of the earth. Thus, all the subsequent rocks were formed, whether directly or indirectly, from the igneous rocks in one way or the other.

Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

A rock formed after evaporation of water is __________.

  1. Plaster of Paris

  2. Gypsum

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Rocks formed after evaporation of water are called evaporites. Gypsum is an example of evaporites.
  • Plaster of Paris is manufactured from gypsum and thus it is a secondary product hence cannot be the right answer here.
  • Thus option B ie gypsum is the right answer.
Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

Which of the following rocks is formed by the cooling of molten rock?

  1. shale

  2. sandstone

  3. granite

  4. limestone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Rocks formed by the cooling of molten rock are called igneous rocks. Among the given options only granite is an igneous rock while rest 3 are sedimentary ricks.
  • Hence option C is correct.
Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

The rock which is made up of molten magma is ________.

  1. igneous

  2. sedimentary

  3. metamorphic

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The word igneous has been derived from a Latin word 'ignis', meaning thereby fire. The igneous rocks are formed due to cooling, solidification, and crystallization of hot and molten materials known as magmas and lavas. They were originated first of all the rocks during the formation of the earth.

Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

Rocks which mostly contain fossils are

  1. sedimentary rocks

  2. metamorphic rocks

  3. igneous rocks

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Among the three major types of rock, fossils are most commonly found in sedimentary rock. Unlike most igneous and metamorphic rocks, sedimentary rocks form at temperatures and pressures that do not destroy fossil remains.

Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

Rock salt and gypsum are ___________ formed sedimentary rocks.

  1. Chemically

  2. Mechanically

  3. Physically

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Chemical sedimentary rocks are formed by the precipitation of minerals from water. Precipitation is when dissolved materials come out of water. They are typically made up of the minerals halite (calcium chloride, or rock salt) and gypsum (calcium sulfate).

Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

Gold, petroleum and coal are examples of ____________.

  1. Rocks

  2. Minerals

  3. Fossils

  4. Liquid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

B. Minerals

Native gold is an element and a mineral. It is highly prized by people because of its attractive color, resistance to tarnish, and its many special properties - some of which are unique to gold. Its rarity, usefulness, and desirability make it command a high price. 

The term mineral is sometimes used in reference to natural earth (non-living) resources, and thus, in a non-scientific sense, petroleum resources are mineral resources and deposits of petroleum are often called mineral deposits. Coal, sands, gravel, and such would also be considered a mineral resource in this particular usage, even though coal is a rock, not a mineral, and the others are mixes of multiple minerals and/or rocks and not, strictly speaking, minerals.

Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

Where are mushroom rocks formed?

  1. Deserts

  2. River valleys

  3. Glaciers

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Mushroom rocks are formed in deserts. It is an erosional landform of arid regions. The mushroom rocks have a broad upper part and narrow base resembling an umbrella. The erosive power of wind is very high at a certain height from the ground level. The resistant rocks take the shape of a mushroom having large top and a small neck.

Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

Which of the following rock is formed from molten lava?

  1. Igneous rock

  2. Sedimentary rock

  3. Metamorphic rock

  4. Sand stone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. The magma can be derived from partial melts of existing rocks in either a planet's mantle or crust. Igneous rocks occur in a wide range of geological settings: shields, platforms, extended crust, basins, and oceanic crust.

Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

The Maharashtra plateau and the Sahyadris are formed from which rock?

  1. Metamorphic rocks

  2. Igneous rocks

  3. Sedimentary rocks

  4. Lime stone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Deccan Traps, which include the Maharashtra plateau and the Sahyadris, were formed by massive volcanic eruptions, resulting in igneous rock (specifically basalt).

Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

Which rock is also called the primary rock?

  1. Igneous rock

  2. Metamorphic rock

  3. Sedimentary rock

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Igneous rocks are known as primary rocks as they are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. The magma can be derived from partial melts of existing rocks in either a planet's mantle or crust.

All other rocks are derived from them, so they are also called as parent rock.

Multiple choice geography rocks and rock cycle rock cycle and uses of rocks rocks - introduction and importance lithosphere and asthenosphere

The rocks on which the soils are formed consist of stones, clay and sand particles. It is known as Regolith, in the beginning of which, ________ was/were there.

  1. Only minerals

  2. Air

  3. Organic substances

  4. Water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Regolith is a region of loose unconsolidated rock and dust that sits atop a layer of bedrock. On Earth, regolith also includes soil. It includes dust, soil, broken rock, and other related materials. It is present on Earth, the Moon, Mars, some asteroids, and other terrestrial planets and moons.