Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

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The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice vernalisation plant growth growth and development plant growth and development biology

Which is incorrect statement?

  1. There are no mesodermal cells in pseudocoelomates

  2. There is no body cavity in first triploblastic animals

  3. There is no second opening in diploblastic animal gut

  4. There is no co-ordination between cells of sponges
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Animals have a pseudocoelom that means  “false cavity”, which is a fluid-filled body cavity. Tissue derived from mesoderm partly lines the fluid-filled body cavity of these animals. It is mainly found in Nematoda.

So the correct option is 'There are no mesodermal cells in pseudocoelomates'

Multiple choice biology reproduction in living organisms regeneration asexual modes of reproduction reproduction in animals

Which of the following class of annelids lacks the ability of regeneration?

  1. Oligochaeta

  2. Polychaeta

  3. Hirudinea

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Phylum Annelida is divided into three classes. They are Polychaeta, Oligochaeta, and Hirudinea.
  • The members of the class Polychaeta and Oligochaeta are segmented and process the ability of regeneration while members of class Hirudinea lacks segmentation and ability of regeneration
  • For example, Leeches belong to Hirudinea class of annelids and it lacks the ability of regeneration.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Hirudinea'.
Multiple choice biology reproduction in living organisms regeneration asexual modes of reproduction reproduction in animals

Which of the following phylum lacks the ability of regeneration?

  1. Protozoa

  2. Porifera

  3. Coelenterata

  4. Nemathelminthes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Nemathelminthes  is a phylum of unsegmented, triploblastic, pseudocoelomic, cylindrical or thread-like worms which are covered by a body wall having cuticle and epidermis. They are commonly called threadworm or roundworm.
  • The members of the phylum Nemathelminthes lacks the ability of regeneration because they do not have stem cells required for regeneration.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Nemathelminthes'.
Multiple choice biology reproduction in living organisms regeneration asexual modes of reproduction reproduction in animals

The development of antenna-like structure in place of the eye in lobster is an example of 

  1. Compensatory hypertrophy

  2. Heteromorphic regeneration

  3. Morphollaxis

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Heteromorphic regeneration is the phenomenon in which a different organ develops from the one that has been removed. For example, In lobsters, the eye is regenerated, If it is removed from the eyestalk. But if the eye is removed along with optic ganglion, instead of eye an antenna like the organ is regenerated.
  • This type of regeneration occurs in lower animals.
Hence The development of antenna-like structure in place of the eye in lobster is an example of  Heteromorphic regeneration.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Heteromorphic regeneration'.
Multiple choice biology reproduction in living organisms regeneration asexual modes of reproduction reproduction in animals

The eye of lobster is replaced by an antenna like structure. It is an example of

  1. Reparative regeneration

  2. Heteromorphic regeneration

  3. Physiological regeneration

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Heteromorphic regeneration is the phenomenon in which a different organ develops from the one that has been removed. For example, In lobsters, the eye is regenerated, If it is removed from the eyestalk. But if the eye is removed along with optic ganglion, instead of eye an antenna like the organ is regenerated.
  • This type of regeneration occurs in lower animals.
  • Hence The eye of lobster is replaced by an antenna-like structure. It is an example of Heteromorphic regeneration.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Heteromorphic regeneration'.
Multiple choice biology reproduction in living organisms regeneration asexual modes of reproduction reproduction in animals

Repetitive regeneration is found in

  1. Tadpole

  2. Molluscs

  3. Hydra

  4. Human beings
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The process of renewal, restoration, and growth that makes genomes, cells, organisms, and ecosystems resilient to natural fluctuations or events that cause disturbance or damage is called Repetitive regeneration. In Hydra, it occurs as foot regeneration arising from the basal part of the body, and head regeneration, arising from the apical region. Head regeneration requires complex reconstruction of the area, while foot regeneration is much simpler, similar to tissue repair.

So, the correct option is ‘Hydra’.

Multiple choice biology reproduction in living organisms regeneration asexual modes of reproduction reproduction in animals

Regeneration is possible in tadpoles for amputated

  1. Tail and hind limbs

  2. Jaws and eyes

  3. Intestine

  4. Forelimbs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Formation of new parts of the body, which are lost due to injury or accidents is called Restorative regeneration. In tadpoles, regeneration of tails and hind limbs occur. It is restorative regeneration.

So, the correct option is ‘Tail and hind limbs’.

Multiple choice biology reproduction in living organisms regeneration asexual modes of reproduction reproduction in animals

Salamander and Axolotl larva regenerate

  1. Limbs, eye structures and intestine

  2. Jaws and external gills

  3. Both A and B

  4. Trunk
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Formation of new parts of the body, which are lost due to injury or accidents is called Restorative regeneration. In Salamander and Axolotl larvae regenerate Limbs, eye structures and intestine, jaws and external gills. It is called restorative regeneration.

So, the correct option is ‘Both A and B’.

Multiple choice biology reproduction in living organisms regeneration asexual modes of reproduction reproduction in animals

What is true about regeneration?

  1. Beak in birds

  2. Tails in lizards

  3. Fish fins

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Formation of new cells or tissues from injured parts of the body is called Regeneration. It occurs in plants as well as animals. Regeneration of Beak in birds, tails in lizards, fish fins are best examples of regeneration.

So, the correct option is ‘all the above’.

Multiple choice biology reproduction in living organisms regeneration asexual modes of reproduction reproduction in animals

Restorative regeneration is common in

  1. Vertebrates

  2. Mostly invertebrates

  3. In some vertebrate groups

  4. In some invertebrate groups
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Formation of new parts of the body, which are lost due to injury or accidents is called Restorative regeneration. It is found in invertebrates.

So, the correct option is ‘in some invertebrate groups’.

Multiple choice biology reproduction in living organisms regeneration asexual modes of reproduction reproduction in animals

Regeneration of a limbs or tail is an example of

  1. Compensatory hypertrophy

  2. Epimorphosis

  3. Morphallaxis

  4. Autotomy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Regeneration of limbs or tail is a epimorphosis regeneration. Replacement of lost organ of the body by proliferating new cells from the surface of the injured part is called Epimorphosis regeneration. eg: Limb in a Salamander, Tail in a Lizard.

So, the correct option is ‘Epimorphosis’.

Multiple choice biology reproduction in living organisms regeneration asexual modes of reproduction reproduction in animals

Read the statements and find out true/false 
(a) Type of regeneration in Hydra is known as epimorphosis 
(b) Members of reptiles such as lizards exhibit autotomy
(c) Regeneration of limb in amphibians involves morphallaxis

  1. a and c are false but b is true

  2. b and c are false but a is true

  3. b and c are true but a is false

  4. a and c are true but b is false
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

a)Type of regeneration in Hydra is known as epimorphosis is false, because it is Morphallaxis.

b)Members of reptiles such as lizards exhibit autotomy are true.

c)Regeneration of limb in amphibians involves morphallaxis is false because it is a epimorphisms.

So, the correct option is ‘a and c are false but b is true’.

Multiple choice biology reproduction in living organisms regeneration asexual modes of reproduction reproduction in animals

Which is the correct example of the type of regeneration out of the two major types ?

  1. Morphallaxis-Regeneration of two transversely cut equal pieces of one Hydra into two small Hydras

  2. Epimorphosis-Replacement of old and dead erythrocytes by the new ones

  3. Morphallaxis-Healing of wound in the skin

  4. Epimorphosis-Regeneration of crushed and filtered out pieces of Planaria into as many new planarians
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A.Morphallaxis – Regeneration of two transversely cut equal pieces of one Hydra into small Hydras is true.

B.Epimorphosis – Replacement of old and dead erythrocytes by the new ones is false because The regeneration of tissues or organs through the dedifferentiation of existing, differentiated adult tissues is called Epimorphosis.

C.Morphallaxis – Healing of wounds in the skin is false, because, The reconstruction of an entire animal from a small fragment by reorganizing the existing cells, is called Morphallaxis.

D.Epimorphosis – Regeneration of crushed and filtered out pieces of Planaria into as many new planarians is false, because The reconstruction of an entire animal from a small fragment by reorganizing the existing cells, is called Morphallaxis.

So, the correct option is ‘Morphallaxis – Regeneration of two transversely cut equal pieces of one Hydra into small Hydras is true’.

Multiple choice biology reproduction in living organisms regeneration asexual modes of reproduction reproduction in animals

Characteristic autonomy occurs in ______________.

  1. Lizards

  2. Snakes

  3. Frogs

  4. Cockroaches
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The spontaneous removal or casting off of a body part, especially when the organism is injured or under attack is autotomy or self ampulation. It is recorded in loss legs in crabs, loss of tails in lizards, loss of viscera in Holothurian echinoderms.

So, the correct option is ‘Lizzards’.