Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

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The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice biology reproduction in living organisms regeneration asexual modes of reproduction reproduction in animals

Read the statements and choose the correct answer
(a) Type of regeneration in Hydra is known as epimorphosis
(b) Reptiles such as lizard exhibit autotomy
(c) Regeneration of amphibian limb involves morphallaxis. Of these statements

  1. a and b are false and c is true

  2. b and c are false but a is true

  3. b and c are true, a is false

  4. a and c are false but b is true
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

a)Type of regeneration in Hydra is known as epimorphosis is false, because it is Morphallaxis.

b)Members of reptiles such as lizards exhibit autotomy is true.

c)Regeneration of limb in amphibians involves morphallaxis is false because it is an epimorphism.

So, the correct option is ‘a and c are false, but b is true’.

Multiple choice biology reproduction in living organisms regeneration asexual modes of reproduction reproduction in animals

Planaria possesses high capacity of

  1. metamorphosis

  2. regeneration

  3. alternation of generations

  4. bioluminescence
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Planaria belongs to the phylum Platyhelminthes.

Planaria live in groups. And is found commonly in freshwater pond, lakes, streams and shallow rivers.
They have a high capacity of the generation due to the neoplastic cells which are found in them
If an individual is cut transversely into two parts, the anterior segment will generate a new tail and posterior end will develop a new head.
So, the correct option is 'regeneration'

Multiple choice biology reproduction in living organisms regeneration asexual modes of reproduction reproduction in animals

Which one is not a case of epimorphosis ?

  1. Replacement of limb in Salamander

  2. Formation of sperms from small clump of cells

  3. Replacement of severed arm of Star Fish

  4. Regeneration of tail by lizard
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Epimorphosis is a type of regeneration involving the formation of a blastema and cell proliferation. The formation of sperms is gametogenesis, not regeneration.

Multiple choice biology reproduction in living organisms regeneration asexual modes of reproduction reproduction in animals

Autotomy is recorded in

  1. Legs in crabs

  2. Tail of lizards

  3. Viscera in holothurian echinoderms

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The spontaneous removal or casting off of a body part, especially when the organism is injured or under attack is autotomy or self ampulation. It is recorded in loss legs in crabs, loss of tails in lizards, loss of viscera in Holothurian echinoderms.

So, the correct option is ‘All the above’.

Multiple choice biology reproduction in living organisms regeneration asexual modes of reproduction reproduction in animals

Morphallaxis is reported in

  1. Porifers

  2. Coelenterates and flatworms

  3. Nemarteans and some ascidians

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The reconstruction of an entire animal from a small fragment by reorganizing the existing cells, is called Morphallaxis. The regenerated animal is far smaller than the original one after the completion of the process. It grows to attain the normal size. It is reported in Porifers, Coelenterates, flatworms, Nemarteans, and some ascidians.

So, the correct option is ‘Porifers, Coelenterates, flatworms, Nemarteans, and some ascidians’.

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence industrial pollution and degradation of environment sources of pollution environmental conservation environment and conservation

Read the passage and answer the following questions:
Six pairs of bald vulture were released into the wild in Germany. Four of the pairs of birds successfully nested and raised young. Two of the pairs nested near an industrial complex that released waste products (PCBs) into a nearby lake. These birds laid eggs, but the embryos failed to develop.
Which of the following is the least likely reason for the failure of the embryos to develop?

  1. Mutations in the embryos halted their development.

  2. The adult birds failed to exhibit proper nesting behavior and did not care for the eggs.

  3. The contaminated lake water that the birds consumed affected the development of their young.

  4. The sperm of the males were affected by the PCBs in such a way that they were unable to fertilize the eggs.

  5. Germany is not a good location for bald eagles to mate and reproduce.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

The release of waste products into the nearby lake caused various problems which led to the failure of the embryo development. This can happen because of the following reasons:

  • The chemicals released from the factory caused some mutations in the embryos which led to the failure in development.
  • The birds might not have taken care of the eggs and they might have failed to exhibit proper nesting behavior.
  • The chemicals in the contaminated lake water might have affected the development of the birds.
  • The chemicals from the lake might have affected the sperms of the males and so they were unable to fertilize the eggs. Thus, the correct answer is option E.

Multiple choice zoology production of food from animals animal breeding animal husbandry and its importance introduction to animal husbandry

Arabian Race Horse has developed through 

  1. Natural evolution

  2. Human efforts

  3. Special environmental conditions

  4. A chance cross between Horse and Zebra
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Arabian is the original race horse. When the English breeders wanted to add speed and endurance to their horses, they turned to the Arabian. The result was the Thoroughbred. But the Arabian was the source, its blood and spirit created the Sport of Kings. Hence, Arabian Race Horse has developed through human efforts.

So, the correct answer is 'Human efforts'.

Multiple choice botany plant tissue system ground tissue system ground tissues tissue systems

Which of the following does not contain pith?

  1. Siphonostele

  2. Protostele

  3. Eustele

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Protostele is the most primitive type of stele with central xylem surrounded by phloem and pericycle. Pith is absent in them. Medullation (appearance of pith) of a protostele with central pith is called as siphonostele and thus has central pith surrounded by xylem, phloem and pericycle. Separation of vascular strands by parenchyma in siphonostele give rise to eustele. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology plant reproduction different modes of reproduction sexual and asexual reproduction lifespan, reproduction and variation

Which of the following options shows bisexual animals only?

  1. Amoeba, sponge, leech

  2. Sponge, cockroach, Amoeba

  3. Earthworm, sponge, leech

  4. Tapeworm, earthworm, honeybee
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
When both male and female sex organs are present in the same individual, such animals are called hermaphrodite or bisexual, e.g, tapeworm, earthworm and leech.
So, the correct answer is 'Earthworm, sponge, leech'.
Multiple choice zoology plant reproduction different modes of reproduction sexual and asexual reproduction lifespan, reproduction and variation

The most fundamental characteristic of living being is __________________

  1. Locomotion

  2. Regeneration

  3. Fragmentation

  4. Reproduction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Reproduction is the process by which new individual organisms or 'offsprings' are produced from their 'parents' and thus, 
  • it is a fundamental feature of all known life, each individual organism exists as a result of reproduction.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology multicellular structure: tissue defense mechanism in plants epidermal tissue system kinds of plant tissue permanent tissues and their types

Which of the following sclereids are the characteristic of intercellular spaces of Nymphaea?

  1. Osteosclereids

  2. Brachysclereids

  3. Macrosclereids

  4. Astrosclerieds
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Astrosclerieds is a sclereid having its cell wall drawn out into lobes or arms to form a more or less stellate body. It is found in certain xerophytes. Nymphaea contains large intercellular spaces, which occur in the petiole. These airspaces are surrounded by long columns of parenchyma cells. The columnar cells contain chloroplasts and are presumably photosynthetic. Part of a large astroscleried can be seen cutting across one of the parenchymatous fingers. These sclereids add some mechanical strength to fragile structure. 

Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human blood clotting platelets and their function defence against infectious disease

Blood platelets occur in the blood of ____________.

  1. Birds

  2. Mammals

  3. Reptiles

  4. Amphibians
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Only mammals have platelets, tiny cells without nuclei that are responsible for plugging the leaks in the blood vessels. Other animals use more conventional systems of hemostasis. Some marine invertebrates have a single type of blood cell, responsible for hemostasis, but also for other types of defences. Non-mammalian vertebrates have specialized nucleated thrombocytes to do the job.


So, the correct answer is 'Mammals'.

Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human blood clotting platelets and their function defence against infectious disease

Blood platelets are found only in the blood of

  1. Birds

  2. Reptiles

  3. Mammals

  4. Amphibians
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Platelet also known as thrombocyte is a colourless, nonnucleated blood cell that is important in the formation of blood clots (coagulation). Platelets are found only in the blood of mammals. Platelets are formed when cytoplasmic fragments of megakaryocytes, which are very large cells in the bone marrow, pinch off into the circulation as they age. They are stored in the spleen. Hence, option C is the correct answer. 

Multiple choice biology endocrine glands different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Match the following.

List-I List-II
a) Pericardial glands $1)$ Molluscs
b) Antennary glands $2)$ Rotifers
c) Protonephridia (solenocytes) $3)$ Arthropods
d) Protonephridia (flame bulbs) $4)$ Lancelets

  1. A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II

  2. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I

  3. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-V

  4. A-II, B-I, C-V, D-III
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The pericardium is the protective layer of the heart. It consists of two layers, an outer fibrous layer and the inner serous layer. The serous layer again is made up of two membranes enclosing the pericardial cavity. Molluscs have a true body cavity or coelom. They posses pericardial glands. Antennary glands are also called as green glands. They lie enclosed within the coxal segment of each antenna. Each gland has three parts, namely Sac, labyrinth and bladder. These are seen in crustaceans like arthropods. Protonephridia are of two types, solenocytes and flame bulbs. These are present in animals that lack a true coelom. The protonephridia terminates in the enlarged bulb-like structure and have cilia inside. If there is only one cilium, it is called as solenocyte. If there are more cilia, it is called as flame bulbs.  Lancelets have solenocytes as excretory structure. Rotifers have flame bulbs.

Thus, the correct answer is 'A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II.'