Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

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The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Unicellular algae, diatoms and protozoans are members of

  1. Monera

  2. Protista

  3. Fungi

  4. Plantae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Kingdom Protista includes diverse eukaryotic organisms that are primarily unicellular, such as diatoms, protozoans, and unicellular algae. Monera consists of prokaryotes, while Fungi and Plantae are generally multicellular (with exceptions like yeast).

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Unicellularity is the characteristic of

  1. Cyanobacteria

  2. Monera

  3. Protista

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Unicellularity is a fundamental characteristic of organisms in Kingdom Monera (bacteria) and Kingdom Protista. Cyanobacteria are a phylum within the Kingdom Monera, so all listed groups exhibit unicellularity.

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Which of the following is not a character of protista

  1. Membrane bound organelles are present in the cell

  2. Protists are prokaryotic

  3. Mode of nutrition is both autotrophic and heterotrophic

  4. Body organisation is cellular

  5. Some protists have cell walls
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Protists are eukaryotic organisms, meaning they possess membrane-bound organelles and a defined nucleus. The statement that they are prokaryotic is incorrect, as prokaryotes belong to the Kingdom Monera.

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Which protistan shows bioluminescence?

  1. Euglena

  2. Noctiluca

  3. Forminiferans

  4. Diatoms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Noctiluca scintillans belongs to class Flagellata of phylum Protozoa. It is the most common cause of bioluminescence in the ocean. Because of this, it is also called sea sparkle. It produces light throughout the cytoplasm by luciferin- luciferase reaction.

Hence the correct option is B. 

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Protista contains

  1. Euglena, Dinoflagellates and Yeast

  2. Amoeba, Paramaecium, Hydra

  3. Euglena, Paramaecium, Mushroom

  4. Amoeba, Paramaecium and Dinoflagellates/Diatoms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Kingdom Protista includes various groups such as Amoeba (sarcodines), Paramecium (ciliates), and dinoflagellates/diatoms (algae). Yeast is a fungus, Hydra is an animal, and Mushrooms are fungi.

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Proterospongia is considered connecting link between protists and sponges/metazoa due to

  1. Colonial nature

  2. Choanocyte type of individual

  3. Sponge-like nature

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Proterospongia is a colonial flagellate. It is considered a connecting link between protists and sponges because it exists as a colony of choanocyte-like cells, which are the characteristic cell type of sponges.

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Identify the characteristic features of diatoms.

  1. Cell wall is made of cellulose, floating on water and produce auxospores.

  2. Cell wall is made of chitin, fixed forms and produce auxospores.

  3. Cell wall is made of silica, floating on water and produce auxospores.

  4. Cell wall is made of silica, symbionts and produce zoospores..
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Diatoms are the organisms belonging to Chrysophytes of kingdom Protista. Diatoms occur in all aquatic and moist terrestrial habitats. They may be free floating or bottom dwellers. The free-floating forms remain suspended on the surface of water by mucilage secretion and presence of lightweight lipids. The cell wall is made of silica which is known as frustule. The frustule is made up of two valves, epitheca, and hypotheca. The two valves fit together like a soapbox. They produce auxospores. Auxospore is a rejuvenescent cell which is a zygote grown in size.

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Which of the following is not a character of protista?

  1. Protists are eukaryotic.

  2. Some protists have cell walls.

  3. Their mode of nutrition is both autotrophic and heterotrophic.

  4. They have a nucleoid.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Protists are microscopic organisms. The cell structure is eukaryotic. It is surrounded by plasmalemma (cell membrane). There may be an outer covering of pellicle, cuticle. shell or cellulose wall. It contains organelles like mitochondria, golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, 80s ribosomes, etc. Protista have both modes of nutrition, autotrophic as well as heterotrophic.
Nucleoid is the genetic material of prokaryotes. It is not present in a protista.
Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

When a freshwater protozoan is placed in marine water

  1. The contractile vacuoles become bigger in size

  2. The number of contractile vacuoles increases

  3. The contractile vacuoles disappear

  4. The contractile vacuoles remain unchanged
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

When a freshwater protozoan is placed in marine water, the contractile vacuoles disappear. The function of contractile vacuole is to remove the excess water outside by the process of osmoregulation. In marine water, it is necessary to retain the water inside the body instead of out expelling it out. If contractile vacuoles will not disappear, the cell will get dehydrated.

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Select the incorrect match:

  1. Protista: Membrane bound cell organelles present; Monera: Membrane bound cell organelles absent

  2. Protista: Nucleus present; Monera: Nucleus absent

  3. Protista: Flagella is made of flagellin protein; Monera: Flagella is made of rubulin protein

  4. Protista: Cell wall if present, is cellulosic; Monera: Cell wall is made pf peptidogylcan
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

A Protistan which is commonly called plant-animal is?

  1. Navicula

  2. Noctiluca

  3. Vorticella

  4. Euglena
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Euglena is a protist that can both eat food and can photosynthesize. When acting as a heterotroph, the Euglena surrounds a particle of food and consumes it by phagocytosis. When acting as an autotroph, the Euglena utilizes chloroplasts to produce sugars by photosynthesis that's why it is said to be a plant-animal.
  • Hence A Protistan which is commonly called plant-animal is Euglena.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Euglena'.
Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Single celled eukaryotes are included in Kingdom.

  1. Protista

  2. Fungi

  3. Plantae

  4. Monera.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A protist is any eukaryotic organism (one with cells containing a nucleus) that is not an animal, plant or fungus. The protists do not form a natural group, or clade, since they exclude certain eukaryotes; but, like algae or invertebrates, they are often grouped together for convenience. In some systems of biological classification, such as the popular five-kingdom scheme proposed by Robert Whittaker in 1969, the protists make up a kingdom called Protista, composed of "organisms which are unicellular or unicellular-colonial and which form no tissues".


So the correct option is 'Protista'.

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Cell wall plates are found in cell wall of

  1. Diatoms

  2. Dinoflagellates

  3. Both (1) & (2)

  4. Euglenoids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A.Diatoms – cell wall is made up of silica and cellulose.

B.Dinoflagellates – cell wall is made up of cellulose and is present in the form of plates.

D.Euglenoids – cell wall is absent.

So, the correct option is ‘Dinoflagellates’.

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Which of the following kingdoms has no well defined boundaries? 

  1. Monera

  2. Protista

  3. Fungi

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Five kingdom classification was proposed by R.H. Whittaker. According to this organisms has been divided into five kingdoms Monera, Protista, Fungi, Animalia, Plantae. Organisms are divided on the basis of different characters like cell boundary, shape, type of nutrition etc.
According to R.H. Whittaker classification-
Monera has a cell wall. It is made up of polysaccharides i.e. peptidoglycan
Fungi have a cell wall. It is made up of chitin.
Protista has no well-defined boundaries.
So, the correct answer is 'Protista'.