Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

3,323 Questions

The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

A few organisms are known to grow and at temperatures of $ 100-105^o C. $ They before ________________.

  1. Thermophilic sulphur bacteria

  2. Hot spring blue-green algae

  3. Thermophilic subaerial fungi

  4. Marine archaebacteria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Thermophilic sulfur bacteria are extremophiles capable of surviving and growing in extremely high temperatures, such as those found in hot springs.

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Barophilic prokaryotes -

  1. Grow slowly in highly alkaline frozen lakes

    at high altitudes

  2. Grow and multiply in very deep marine

    sediments

  3. Readily grow and divide in sea water

    enriched in any soluble salt of barium

  4. Occur in water containing high

    concentrations of barium hydroxide
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Barophilic prokaryotes grow and multiply in very deep marine sediments. A barophilic prokaryote, also generally defined as a barophile, is a type of organism which occurs and exists at high-pressure zones, like a deep-sea bacteria and archaebacteria.
So, the correct answer is 'Grow and multiply in very deep marine sediments'. 
Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Which of the following are likely to be present in deep sea water ?

  1. Archaebacteria

  2. Eubacteria

  3. Blue-green algae

  4. Saprophytic fungi
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B Correct answer
Explanation

Archeabacteria are also known as extremophiles because of the ability to survive in extreme environmental conditions. The deep sea environment is characterized by increased pressure, low visibility, low in nutrition etc. Benthic zone also harbors bacteria

So, the correct answer is 'Archaebacteria and Eubacteria'

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Which of the following options is correct?

  1. Heterocyst are thin-walled and help in nitrogen fixation

  2. Archaebacteria are oldest living

  3. Fossil cell wall of archaebacteria and eubacteria are different but cell membrane are similar

  4. Penicilllin is an effective against mycoplasma
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Archaebacteria are the oldest living organism. They can be found in some of the harshest environments. Traces of Archaebacteria have been seen in 3.8 billion-year-old fossil. Thus, are claimed as the oldest living organism. Heterocysts are nitrogen-fixing cells found in Nitrogen deprived cells of bacteria like cyanobacteria, Anabaena, Nostoc etc. Heterocyst synthesizes additional 3 layers of the cell wall, in turn, producing a THICK cell wall.The cell wall and cell membrane of archaebacteria both differ from that of eubacteria.The antibiotic, penicillin is ineffective against mycoplasma. So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Select the correct statements among the following (i-iv) regarding the characteristics of certain organisms.
(i) Methanogens are archaebacteria which produce methane in marshy areas.
(ii) Nostoc is a filamentous blue-green alga which fixes atmospheric nitrogen.
(iii) Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria synthesize cellulose from glucose.
(iv) Mycoplasma lack a cell wall and can survive without oxygen

  1. (ii) and (iii)

  2. (i) and (ii)

  3. (ii) (iii) and (iii)

  4. (i) (ii) and (iv)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Statements (i), (ii), and (iv) are correct. (iii) is incorrect because chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria do not synthesize cellulose; they typically fix carbon using chemical energy.

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Which of the following archaea would live at a deep-sea vent?

  1. Heterotrophic nutrition

  2. Prokaryotic organisation

  3. Presence of flagella

  4. Rigid cell wall
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Archaea have rigid cell walls which help in living at a deep-sea vent.

So, the correct option is 'Rigid cell wall'.

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Which of the following archaea would live at a deep-sea vent?

  1. Thermoacidophile

  2. Halophile

  3. Methanogen

  4. Parasitic forms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A thermoacidophile is an extremophilic microorganism that is both can grow under conditions of high temperature and low pH.

So, the correct option is 'Thermoacidophile'.

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

How are Archea different from Bacteria

  1. can form Methane

  2. have different rRNA sequences

  3. do not have peptidoglycan in their cell walls

  4. all of these are correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Archea are considered to be primitive than the Eubacteria, having properties more similar to Eukaryotes as compared to Eubacteria. Some of the features that are different from Eubacteria are, they are found in extremes of temperature, most of them are chemoautotrophs or chemoheterotrophs, Methanogens are a type of chemoheterotrophs that produce methane as a metabolic byproduct, they have pseudomurein or peudopeptidoglyclans in their cell wall. 
So, the correct option is 'all of these are correct'
Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Thermococcus, Methanococcus and Methanobacterium exemplify 

  1. Bacteria that contain a cytoskeleton and ribosomes

  2. Archaebacteria that contain protein homologous to eukaryotic core histones

  3. Archaebacteria that lack any histones resembling those found in eukaryotes but whose DNA is negatively supercoiled

  4. Bacteria whose DNA is relaxed or positively supercoiled but which have a cytoskeleton as well as mitochondria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Thermococcus, Methanococcus and Methanobacterium are archaea whose histones are shorter than eukaryotic histones and are assembled in tetramers.

So the correct answer is' Archaebacteria that contain protein homologous to eukaryotic core histones'

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the structure of a typical bacterial cell?

  1. Cells possess naked circular DNA which is folded to form nucleoid.

  2. Cells are surrounded by a peptidoglycan cell wall and a mucilaginous sheath.

  3. Cells possess well developed membrane bound cell organelles.

  4. Ribosomes in these cells are 70S in nature.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The bacterial cell is a prokaryotic type of cell which lacks membrane-bound cell organelles.

So, the correct option is 'Cells possess well-developed membrane-bound cell organelles.'

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Which of the following is mismatched?

  1. Diatomssilica shell, boxlike, golden brown

  2. Euglenoidsflagella, pellicle, eye spot

  3. Parameciumcilia, calcium carbonate shell, gullet

  4. Foraminiferantest, pseudopod, digestive vacuole
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Paramecium consists cilia on the cell wall which is made up of the pellicle, paramecium does not contain calcium carbonate shell and the food in the paramecium passes through the cell mouth into the gullet.

So, the correct option is 'Paramecium cilia, calcium carbonate shell, gullet.'

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Select the correct combination of the statements (i - iv) regarding the characteristics of certain organisms.
(i) Methanogens are archaebacterial which produces methane in marshy areas.
(ii) Nostoc is a filamentous blue-green alga which fixed atmospheric nitrogen.
(iii) Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria synthesize cellulose from glucose.
(iv) Mycoplasma lacks a cell wall and can survive without oxygen.

  1. (ii) and (iii)

  2. (i), (ii) and (iii)

  3. (ii), (iii) and (iv)

  4. (i), (ii) and (iv)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Methanogens produce methane gas, nostoc fixes atmospheric nitrogen, mycoplasma lacks a cell wall and can survive without oxygen.

So, the correct option is '(i), (ii) and (iv)'.