Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

3,323 Questions

The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice biology option a: neurobiology and behaviour ethology animal behaviour natural selection

Which of the following is the most simplest form of learned behaviour?

  1. Dominance

  2. Reflex

  3. Instinct

  4. Imprinting

  5. Habituation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Instinct is an innate, typically fixed pattern of behaviour in animals in response to certain stimuli. An instinct is something that doesn't need to learn and it happens naturally, without even thinking about it and so is the simplest form of learned behaviour. 

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Archaebacteria and eubacteria have been included under the kingdom

  1. Monera

  2. Plantae

  3. Fungi

  4. Protista

  5. Animalia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Monera is a kingdom that includes prokaryotic unicellular organisms. It includes bacteria, Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Cyanobacteria. They lack membrane-bound organelles. They also lack true nucleus. Instead, they have nucleoid, genetic material without nuclear envelope.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Monera.'

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Archaebacteria that flourish in temperature above $100^0C $ have special ______ molecules that do not coagulate at high temperatures and remain functional. 

  1. carbohydrate

  2. ester

  3. protein

  4. fat
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Archaebacteria that flourish in temperature above 100 degree C have special protein molecules that do not coagulate at high temperatures and remain functional.
So, the correct answer is 'protein' 
Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Members of the archaebacteria

  1. May possess bacteriorhodopsin

  2. Possess branched chain lipids

  3. May possess high temperature tolerant enzymes

  4. May associated with body of eukaryotic organisms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Enzymes synthesized by archaea (with optimal growth temperatures of >80 degree Celsius), also called hyperthermophilic enzymes, are typically thermostable ( that is resistant to irreversible inactivation at high temperatures) and are optically active at high temperatures. 

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Which of the following statement is not related to bacteria?

  1. They have polysomes for protein synthesis

  2. They have pill for genetic recombination

  3. They store food in the form of inclusion bodies

  4. They have plastid for antibiotic resistance
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Bacteria are prokaryotes and do not possess membrane-bound organelles like plastids. Antibiotic resistance in bacteria is typically conferred by plasmids, not plastids, which are found in plants and algae.

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Plasmids are found in

  1. Bacteria

  2. viruses

  3. Algae

  4. Fungi
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A plasmid is a small, circular piece of DNA that is different than the chromosomal DNA, which is all the genetic material found in an organism's chromosomes. It replicates independently of chromosomal DNA. Plasmids are mainly found in bacteria.

So, the correct option is 'Bacteria'.

Multiple choice botany living world and classification of microbes archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

What is true for Archaebacteria?

  1. All are halophiles

  2. All are photosynthetic

  3. All are fossils

  4. Oldest living organisms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The archaebacteria are the primitive, single-celled, prokaryotic organisms. These are the ancient and oldest living organisms. These were the first organism which evolved on the Earth. These organisms have evolved to survive in the extreme conditions like the halophiles, thermophiles, acidophiles, methanogens, etc. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

A few organisms are known to grow and multiply at temperatures of 100 ` $105^{0}$C. They belong to


  1. Thermophilic sub aerial fungi

  2. Marine archaebaderia

  3. Thermophilic sulphur bacteria

  4. Hot spring blue-green algae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Thermophilic sulphur bacteria are found in hot springs and multiply at temperatutures 100-105$^0$C

So, the correct answer is 'Thermophilic sulphur bacteria

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Among the following, which organism can be found in extreme temperatures?

  1. Fungi

  2. Cyanobacteria

  3. Eubacteria

  4. Archaebacteria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

There are three major known groups of Archaebacteria, namely methanogens, halophiles and thermophiles. Halophiles are organisms that thrive in high salt concentrations. Thermophiles are organisms that thrive extreme temperatures. Methanogens are organisms that produce methane gas.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Archaebacteria.'

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

The most primitive of monerans are

  1. Rickettsiae

  2. Actinomycetes

  3. Progenote

  4. Archaebacteria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Monera is non-nucleated unicellular organisms. They are prokaryotes. They have no membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, Golgi complex. They lack a true nucleus. Instead, they have nucleoid, genetic material without a nuclear membrane. Examples include Bacteria, Archaebacteria, Mycoplasma, Blue-Green algae. Out of these, the most primitive of monerans are Archaebacteria.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Archaebacteria.'

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Which of the following characteristics can be related to Archaebacteria?

  1. All photosynthetic

  2. All fossils

  3. All halophiles

  4. Oldest living beings
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Archaebacteria are unicellular prokaryotic organisms. They include halophiles, thermophiles, methanogens. They are found in extreme habitats like areas with high salt concentration, extremely high temperature, marshy areas. They are non-photosynthetic bacteria. They are the oldest living beings. They are primitive organisms.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Oldest living beings.'

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Which statement is true about domain archaea?

  1. They differ from both prokaryotes and eukaryotes

  2. They completely differ from prokaryotes

  3. They resemble eukarya in all aspects

  4. They have some novel features absent in other prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Domains Archaea contains single-celled microorganisms. These are prokaryotes. They do not have a true nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. They lack peptidoglycan in the cell wall. However, they have some novel features absent in other prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Instead of ester bonds like in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, they have ether bonds connecting fatty acids to molecules of glycerol. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'They have some novel features absent in other prokaryotes and eukaryotes.'

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Archaea differ from eubacteria in one of the following features

  1. They have a rigid wall

  2. Their cell wall lacks peptidoglycan component
  3. They have $16$ sRNA

  4. They are very ancient
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The primary difference between Archaea and Eubacteria is that Archaea cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan, which is a defining feature of Eubacteria.

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Some hyperthermophilic organisms that grow in highly acidic $(pH _2)$ habitats belong to two groups

  1. Cyanobacteria and diatoms

  2. Protists and mosses

  3. Liverworts and yeasts

  4. Eubacteria and archaea
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Many thermophiles are archaea, while thermophilic eubacteria are suggested to have been among the earliest bacteria.
  •  Many of these require elemental sulfur for growth. Some are anaerobes, that use the sulfur as an electron acceptor during cellular respiration. 
  • Some are lithotrophs, that oxidize sulfur to sulfuric acid, thus requiring the microorganism to be adapted to very low pH as well. These organisms are inhabitants of hot, sulfur-rich environments such as hot springs and geysers etc. Option D is correct.
Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Which one among the following is likely to be present in the harsh conditions of the deep sea water?

  1. Saprophytic fungi

  2. Archaebacteria

  3. Eubacteria

  4. Blue-green algae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Archeabacteria are also known as extremophiles because of the ability to survive in extreme environmental conditions. The deep sea environment is characterized by increased pressure, low visibility, low in nutrition etc. 
So, the correct answer is Archaebacteria.