Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

3,323 Questions

The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - ii (phylum: chordata) aves and mammalia classifications of chordata aves

Cloaca is

  1. Absent in mammals

  2. Found in prototheria

  3. Present in all fishes

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Though cloaca is not present in all mammals but it is found in monotremes or Protherians.

All Protherians have cloaca.
In case of fishes only elasmobranch fishes have cloaca and not all fishes.

So the correct answer is 'Found in Prototheria'.

Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - ii (phylum: chordata) aves and mammalia classifications of chordata aves

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Which of the following is a true statement?

  1. In all mammals, offspring develop within the female.

  2. All mammals have hair and mammary glands.

  3. All mammals are land-dwelling forms.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Unlike other vertebrates, mammals nurse their young with milk produced by mammary glands. Though they're present in both males and females, in most mammal species mammary glands only fully develop in the females, hence the presence of smaller nipples on males (including male humans) also all mammals have hair at some point in their life. Not all mammals are land dwelling (dolphins)

So, the correct option is, 'all mammals have hair and mammary glands'.

Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - ii (phylum: chordata) aves and mammalia classifications of chordata aves

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Birds use which of the following features:

  1. flight

  2. social functions

  3. heat conservation

  4. all of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Bird flight is the primary mode of locomotion used by most bird species in which birds take off and fly. Flight assists birds while feeding, breeding, avoiding predators, and migrating. Bird flight is one of the most complex forms of locomotion in the animal kingdom. Some birds, are among the most intelligent animals; several bird species make and use tools, and many social species pass on knowledge across generations, which is considered a form of culture. In cooler weather, rather than increasing their metabolic rate, birds can save energy by using environmental heat to raise their body temperature passively. Birds have evolved the ability to maintain their body temperature at a somewhat lower level during periods of inactivity or in response to food deprivation.

So, the correct option is, 'all of these'.

Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - ii (phylum: chordata) aves and mammalia classifications of chordata aves

Phenomenon seen in amphibia but not in mammals is ________________.

  1. Ability to undergo transformation

  2. Ability to change according to season

  3. Ability to change colour

  4. Ability to stay still for long periods of time
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Amphibians undergo metamorphosis (transformation) from a larval stage (like a tadpole) to an adult form. Mammals do not undergo this type of life-cycle transformation.

Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - ii (phylum: chordata) aves and mammalia classifications of chordata aves

What is common between parrot, platypus and kangaroo?

  1. Toothless jaws

  2. Functional postanal tail

  3. Oviparity

  4. Homoiothermy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Parrot belongs to the Class Aves whereas platypus and kangaroo belong to the Class Mammalia. Both ayes and mammals are homoiotherms, i.e., the temperature of their body remains constant irrespective of the temperature of the environment.

So the correct option is D.

Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - ii (phylum: chordata) aves and mammalia classifications of chordata aves

In which one of the following, the genus name, its two characters and its class/phylum are correctly matched?

Genus Name Two characters Class/Phylum
(a) Ascaris (i)(ii) Body segmentedMales and females distinct Annelida
(b) Salamandra (i)(ii) A tympanum cover middle ear,Fertilisation is internal Amphibia
(c) Pteropus (i)(ii) Skin possesses hairOviparous Mammalia
(d) Aurelia (i)(ii) CnidoblastOrgan level of organisation Coelenterata

  1. (a)

  2. (b)

  3. (c)

  4. (d)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Salamandra belonging to the Class Amphibia has a tympanum that covers middle ear and in it fertilisation is internal. Ascaris has an unsegmented body and it belongs to the Phylum Aschelminthes. Pteropus is viviparous. Aurelia has a tissue level of organisation.

So the correct option is B.

Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - ii (phylum: chordata) aves and mammalia classifications of chordata aves

Which one of the following sets of animals share a four chambered heart?

  1. Amphibian, Reptiles, Birds

  2. Crocodiles, Birds, Mammals

  3. Crocodiles, Lizards, Turtles

  4. Lizards, Mammals, Birds
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Amphibians have three-chambered heart, while reptiles have incomplete four-chambered heart (except crocodiles). Crocodiles, birds and mammals have complete, four-chambered hearts.

Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - ii (phylum: chordata) aves and mammalia classifications of chordata aves

Animal development is limited to the period prior to birth hatching.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Animal development are the processes that lead eventually to the formation of new animal from cells derived from one or more parent individuals. There are various post-embryonic development that takes place outside the body and are considered as animal development.

Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - ii (phylum: chordata) aves and mammalia classifications of chordata aves

What do porcupine quills, pangolin scales, lion's claws, goose feathers and yak hooves have in common?

  1. They are made of cellulose

  2. They are made of keratin

  3. They secrete a substance called ambergris

  4. None of this
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Keratin is a protein deposited in the epidermal cells which protect the epithelial cells from damage or stress.
  • It is an important structural material that makes up the hair, horns, claws, hooves, and nails etc.
  • So, the correct answer is 'They are made of keratin'.
Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - ii (phylum: chordata) aves and mammalia classifications of chordata aves

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
How are salamanders different from snakes?

  1. Ancestors of snakes but not salamanders were tetrapods

  2. Salamanders reproduce on land but snakes do not

  3. Snakes but not salamanders lay a shelled egg

  4. Salamanders are carnivores, and snakes are herbivores
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Snakes have leathery, soft or hard eggs laid on land or maintained inside the body until hatching. Salamanders have soft eggs normally laid in water or in damp media.

So the correct answer is "Snakes but not salamanders lay a shelled egg".

Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - ii (phylum: chordata) aves and mammalia classifications of chordata aves

Double uterus and double vagina are characteristic of.

  1. Prototheria

  2. Metatheria

  3. Chiroptera

  4. Cetacea
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Marsupials have two vagina and two uterus and before birth a birth canal forms between them. The ancestors of marsupials are part of a larger group called metatherians and they represent the clade originating from the last common ancestor of metatherians. So, the correct option is 'Metatheria'.