Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

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The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Protista includes ________________.

  1. Eutaryotic organisms

  2. Autotrophic in nutrition

  3. Heterotrophic in nutrition

  4. All organisms which show locomotion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Kingdom Protista includes Eukaryotes can be unicellular or multicellular. they produce sexually or asexually  eg. Plasmodium( cause malaria) , Ameoba.
  • Autotrophic organism creat their own food by fixing carbon .  kingdom Plantae includes all unicellular or multicellular autotrophic organism.

  • Heterotrophic organism obtain their food from organic sources , hence kingdom Fungi and kindom Animalia  includes heterotrophic organism.
  • so the correct answer is "eukaryotic organism".

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Protista includes

  1. Eukaryotic organisms

  2. Autotrophic in nutrition

  3. Heterotrophic in nutrition

  4. All organisms which show locomotion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A protist is any eukaryotic organism that is not an animal, plant or fungus. The protists do not form a natural group, or clade since they exclude certain eukaryotes; but, like algae or invertebrates, they are often grouped together for convenience. 

So the correct option is 'Eukaryotic organism'.

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Find the incorrect match

  1. Whirling whips ---- Peridinin

  2. Soap box protistans -------- Leucosin

  3. Photosynthetic spindle protistans -------- Chrysolaminarin

  4. Protistan fungi -------- Fat droplets
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Diatoms are protistand in which the cell walls form two thin overlapping shells, which fit together as in a soap box. The walls are embedded with silica. 

So, the correct option is 'Soap box protistans -------- Leucosin'.

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

The protists have 

  1. only free nucleic acid aggregates

  2. membrane bound nucleoprotein lying embedded in the cytoplasm

  3. gene containing nucleoproteins condensed together in loose mass

  4. nucleoprotein in direct contact with the rest of the cell substance
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Protists have a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles. This nucleus is embedded in the cytoplasm. They may be single or many in number and the nucleus has a membrane covering called the nuclear envelope with pores over it. 

So, the correct option is 'membrane-bound nucleoprotein lying embedded in the cytoplasm'.

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Kappa-particles show

  1. Cytoplasmic inheritance

  2. Nuclear inheritance

  3. Nucleo-cytoplasmic inheritance

  4. Mutation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cytoplasmic inheritance, also known as extranuclear inheritance is actually the transmission of genes that occurs outside the nucleus. Kappa particles show cytoplasmic inheritance. Here phenotype not only depends on the cytoplasm but also on the genetic material of the nucleus.

The correct answer is A.

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Two species of Amoeba X and Y were kept in fresh water and got adapted. Species X developed contractile vacuole. When both were transferred to sea water and got adapted, both X and Y lost their contractile vacuole. From these observations, we conclude that

  1. Both X and Y are marine species

  2. Species Y is marine and X is fresh water

  3. Species X is marine and Y is fresh water

  4. Both X and Y are fresh water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Contractile vacuoles are used by freshwater protozoa to expel excess water. Since species X had one in fresh water but lost it in sea water, it is adapted to fresh water. Species Y did not have one in fresh water, suggesting it is already adapted to marine environments.

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Which of the following is a major evolutionary advance exhibited by protozoan cell in contrast with a bacterium?

  1. Formation of permeable cell membrane

  2. Presence of nucleus

  3. Presence of extensive system of cytoplasmic organelles

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Monerans are prokaryotic organisms. They lack a well-developed nucleus and cell organelles. But, on the contrary, protozoa have a well-developed nucleus and are eukaryotic organisms. Bacteria have a cell wall made of cellulose and chitin. Bacteria lack a cell membrane. 

So, option D is the correct answer.

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Which protistian structure is not correctly matched with its function?

  1. Pseudopodia- movement and feeding

  2. Cyst- reproductive structure

  3. Eyespot- light detection

  4. Trichocyst- defense and capture of prey
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

An organism in it's dormant stage is called a cyst. In these conditions, an organism is inactive and does not perform any daily activities. Thus, they help the organisms survive in unfavourable conditions.

So, option B is the correct answer.

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Which of the following kingdoms is intermediate between kingdom monera and muiticellular organisms?

  1. Fungi

  2. Animalia

  3. Plantae

  4. Protista
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
The monera is the kingdom which comprises of the prokaryotes. The Protista is a kingdom of simple single-celled eukaryotic organisms. They have well-developed cellular components like the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplast, etc on the basis of which they have been classified as plant and animals like protists. The kingdom Protista is considered as the link between the prokaryotes and the multicellular eukaryotes. 
Thus, the correct answer is option D.  
Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Which of the following are the characteristics of kingdom Protista?

  1. Multicellular organisms whose chromosomes are not enclosed in a nuclear membrane.

  2. Unicellular organisms whose chromosomes are not enclosed in a nuclear membrane.

  3. Unicellular organisms whose chromosomes are enclosed in a nuclear membrane.

  4. Multicellular organisms whose chromosomes are enclosed in a nuclear membrane.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
The Protista is a kingdom of simple single-celled eukaryotic organisms. They have well-developed cellular components like the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplast, etc on the basis of which they have been classified as plant and animals like protists. The chromosomes are enclosed in the nuclear membrane. These are mostly aquatic organisms which have flagellated structures for movement. 
Thus, the correct answer is option C.  
Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

A symbiotic protist is

  1. Plasmodium

  2. Lophomonas

  3. Fuligo

  4. Trypanosoma
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Lophomonas are the protists that can live in a symbiotic relationship or as a parasite in the body of their host. The hosts are arthropods, which could be termites, cockroaches in which lophomonas lives in their digestive system or intestinal tracts.

The correct answer is B.

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

The first eukaryotes to evolve were

  1. Bryophytes

  2. Green algae

  3. Blue-green algae

  4. Protistans
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • The simple protists were similar to bacteria but they gradually evolved as eukaryotes wherein each cell is having a nucleus. 
  • They are not an animal, plant or fungus but they may be closely related to plants. 
  • They may survive alone or may group as per the convenience.
  • The correct answer is D. 

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Which of the following is a symbiont?

  1. Vorticella

  2. Paramecium

  3. Colpidium

  4. Trichonympha
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Zootermopsis, the pine woods termite, contains vast numbers of the wood engulfing symbiont Trichonympha, along with a number of other species, such as the primitive flagellate, Streblomastix and Trichomonas, a genus commonly found in warm, moist interiors of virtual all species of animals. 
  • Trichonympha along with these huge cells are bacteria residing in the termite gut assist in breaking down the cellulose. Hence the correct option is D.
Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Entamoeba histolytica is

  1. Monogenetic

  2. Digenetic

  3. Free-living

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
This kind of protozoan parasite resides in the mucous and sub-mucous layer of the large intestine specially at the iliocaecal junction and cause dysentery, diarrhoea, hepatitis and liver abscess in man. Entamoeba  histolytica is a monogenetic parasite as its entire life history is completed in a single host.
So, the correct answer is 'Monogenetic'
Multiple choice biology the world of microbes protista protozoa five kingdoms of living organisms

Protistan genome has

  1. Membrane bound nucleoproteins embedded in cytoplasm

  2. Free nucleic acid aggregates

  3. Gene containing nucleoproteins condensed together in loose mass

  4. Nucleoprotein in direct contact with cell substance
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Protista are eukaryotic organism. They have well defined membrane bound nucleus, which encloses genetic material and membrane bound cell organelle in cytoplasm.

Therefore the correct option is A.