Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

3,829 Questions

The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice biology biodiversity and classification animal classification and its benefits criteria for new system of classification five kingdoms of living organisms
ORGANISM Jaws Lungs Amniotic Membrane Hair No tail Bipedal
Lamprey 0 0 0 0 0 0
Shark 1 0 0 0 0 0
Salamander 1 1 0 0 0 0
Lizard 1 1 1 0 0 0
Tiger 1 1 1 1 0 0
Gorilla 1 1 1 1 1 0
Human 1 1 1 1 1 1

For the data table shown above, a 1 indicated that the trait is present and a 0 indicates that the trait is absent.
Which of the following statements represents an accurate interpretation of the data?

  1. All organisms in the table share all of the derived characteristics.

  2. Only humans and gorillas share all of the derived characteristics.

  3. Because it shares none of the derived characteristics, lampreys constitute an out-group.

  4. Because it shares just one of the derived characteristics, sharks can be considered an internal branch of the phylogenetic tree.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

From the table, it is seen that except Lamprey, all organisms share derived characteristics. Because it shares none of the derived characteristics, it constitute an out-group. Humans and gorillas share most of the derived characteristics. Because it shares just one of the derived characteristics, sharks can be considered an outer most branch of the phylogenetic tree.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Because it shares none of the derived characteristics, lampreys constitute an out-group.'

Multiple choice biology biodiversity and classification animal classification and its benefits criteria for new system of classification five kingdoms of living organisms

Characteristics of animalia is 

  1. Absence of cell wall

  2. Presence of chlorophyll

  3. Indirect dependence on autotrophs

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Characteristics of members of kingdom Animalia are:
They are multicellular organisms that do not possess chlorophyll.
They are eukaryotic organisms.
The cell wall is absent. so option A is correct
Multiple choice biology biodiversity and classification animal classification and its benefits criteria for new system of classification five kingdoms of living organisms

Animals with self fertilization is

  1. Paragonimus

  2. Dugesia

  3. Taenia solium

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In Taenia solium both self-fertilization and cross-fertilization occur. In self-fertilization, sperms produced in proglottid fertilize the ova produced in the same proglottid. In cross-fertilization, sperms produced in a proglottid fertilize ova produced in another mature proglottid of the same worm. In paragonimus and dugesia self-fertilization is absent.

Multiple choice biology biodiversity and classification animal classification and its benefits criteria for new system of classification five kingdoms of living organisms

Which is the smallest taxonoic group having vertabral column, ventral heart, pulmonary respiration and two pairs of legs?

  1. Chordata

  2. Gnathostomata

  3. Vertebrata

  4. Tetrapoda
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Superclass Tetrapoda comprises the first four-limbed vertebrates which include amphibians, reptiles, mammals, birds and some extinct fishes. It is characterized by the cranium, vertebral column, ventral heart and pulmonary respiration.

 Hence, option D is correct.

Multiple choice biology the living world: adaptations and classification animal classification and its benefits criteria for new system of classification five kingdoms of living organisms

Which of the following worms are categorized as thread worms?

  1. Tapeworm

  2. Earthworm

  3. Roundworm

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Threadworms are a type of roundworms.

Common characteristics of roundworms that confirm this are:
1. First organisms with organ level classification
2. They are often parasitic
3. Triploblastic
4. Bilaterally symmetrical
So the correct answer is 'Roundworms'.

Multiple choice biology the living world: adaptations and classification animal classification and its benefits criteria for new system of classification five kingdoms of living organisms

Which of the following animal phylum includes segmented worms?

  1. Annelida

  2. Arthropoda

  3. Mollusca

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Molluscs do not have segmentation in their bodies.

Arthropoda has segmentation as a character but it does not include worms.
Annelids is the phylum of the segmented worms.
Some characteristics of Annelids are:
1. Segmented bodies.
2. Bilaterally symmetrical.
3. First organisms with organ level classification.
So the correct answer is 'Annelida'.

Multiple choice biology the living world: adaptations and classification animal classification and its benefits criteria for new system of classification five kingdoms of living organisms

Sea cucumber belongs to phylum 

  1. Porifera

  2. Mollusca

  3. Echinodermata

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sea cucumber belongs to Echinodermata.

Some characteristics of Echinodermata are:
1. Radial symmetry
2. Triploblastic
3. Exclusively marine
4. Presence of Exoskeleton
So the correct answer is 'Echinodermata'.

Multiple choice biology biodiversity and classification animal classification and its benefits criteria for new system of classification five kingdoms of living organisms

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given:
Which one of the following is not a characteristic of the organisms included in the Kingdom Animalia?

  1. Multicellularity

  2. Presence of eukaryotic cells without walls

  3. Obtaining nutrients by ingestion

  4. Storage of carbohydrates as starch
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Animals show different types of body organization. They are multicellular.
Animals can be Asymmetric, Radial and Bilateral symmetric.  Most of the animals are triploblastic. They obtain nutrients by ingestion, so they have a heterotrophic mode of nutrition. They store glycogen as the reserve food material.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Storage of carbohydrate as starch'.

Multiple choice biology biodiversity and classification animal classification and its benefits criteria for new system of classification five kingdoms of living organisms

Which of the following is correct matching set of Phylum and its three examples?

  1. Annelid - Nereis, Pheretima and Apis

  2. Echinodermata - Ophiura, Antedon and Cucumaria

  3. Mollusca - Dentalium, Pinctada, Hirudinaria

  4. Aschelminthes - Ancylosytoma, Wuchereria and Asterias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Ophiura or the serpent star is a species of the brittle star in the order Ophiurida belonging to the phylum Echinodermata and class Ophiuroidea.
  • Antedon is a genus of free-swimming, stemless crinoids belonging to the phylum Echinodermata and class Crinoidea.
  • Cucumaria is a genus of sea cucumbers belonging to the phylum Echinodermata and class Holothuroidea.
  • Hence Echinodermata - Ophiura, Antedon, and Cucumaria is a correct matching set of Phylum and its three examples.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Echinodermata - Ophiura, Antedon, and Cucumaria'.
Multiple choice biology biodiversity and classification animal classification and its benefits criteria for new system of classification five kingdoms of living organisms

Which of the following characteristics does no species of animals posses during some phase of its life cycle?

  1. Mobility

  2. Autotrophy

  3. Responsiveness

  4. Metabolism
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Autotrophy is the ability of organisms to synthesise their own food from inorganic materials using light or chemical energy. This is seen in all green plants, some bacteria and algae. Animals, however, have a heterotrophic mode of nutrition. They acquire their food from other organisms. Animals, therefore, do not show autotrophy. 

So, the correct option is 'Autotrophy'.

Multiple choice biology biodiversity and classification animal classification and its benefits criteria for new system of classification five kingdoms of living organisms

The branches Radiata and Bilateria of the Eumctazoa both exhibit:

  1. cephalization

  2. dominance of diploid life stage

  3. a complete digestive tract with separate mouth and anus

  4. three germ layers in embryonic development
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Multicellular animals have a dominant diploid life cycle (diplontic cycle) with the haploid generation reduced to the egg and sperm. The branches Radiata and Bilateria both include multicellular organisms, with Bilaterians a step more advanced than Radiata in multicellular complexity. Therefore both exhibit a diploid dominant life cycle. 

So, the correct option is 'dominance of the diploid life stage'.

Multiple choice biology biodiversity and classification animal classification and its benefits criteria for new system of classification five kingdoms of living organisms

The subkingdom Parazoa consists of:

  1. radially symmetrical sponges, jellyfishes, and their relatives

  2. only animals that do not feed by ingestion

  3. animals with protostome-type development

  4. animals lacking tissues and organs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The subkingdom Parazoa includes multicellular organisms having less-specialized cells than in the Metazoa. It includes the phylum Porifera (sponges) and the organisms under this phylum lack tissues with a mass of cell embedded in a gelatinous matrix. Jellyfishes belong to the phylum Cnidaria and they do not belong to this subkingdom. 

So, the correct option is 'animals lacking tissues and organs'.

Multiple choice biology biodiversity and classification animal classification and its benefits criteria for new system of classification five kingdoms of living organisms

Which one of the following animal is not deuterostome?

  1. Ambystoma

  2. Amphilina

  3. Anguilla

  4. Amphiuma
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Deuterostomes are groups of animals that have true body cavities, in which the anus develops from the first opening in the embryo and the mouth develops later. All chordates are deuterostomes.

Ambystoma are a group of salamanders endemic to North America.
Anguilla is a species of eel, a snake-like, catadromous fish.

Amphiuma is a genus of aquatic salamanders. Therefore they all are deuterostomes.

Amphilina are platyhelminthes, which are parasitic in the body cavity of sturgeons. Therefore Amphilina is not a deuterostome. Hence, option B is correct.