Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

3,323 Questions

The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

The present giraffe has a long neck as compared to its ancestors. Lamarck believed it could be due to

  1. Natural selection

  2. Isolation

  3. Inheritance of acquired characters

  4. Speciation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Lamarck explained the long neck of giraffes by suggesting that ancestors stretched their necks to reach higher leaves, and this acquired trait was passed to offspring.

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Lamrck's theory of evolution fails to explain 

  1. Indian women have been getting their ears pierced for thousands of years, but not a single baby with pierced ears is born.

  2. Giraffes have long necks because they have to eat leaves from the tall trees on their habitat.

  3. Deer have the capacity to escape from agile enemies because these can run very fast.

  4. High attitude pines have branches which slope down so that snow fails to collect them in winter.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Indian women have getting their ears pierced for thousands of years, but this character does not passed to any offspring, this casts doubt on lamarck's theory of evolution. Later on, in Neo-lamarckism it was explained that only those characters will be inherited which can affect germ cells, while characters that affect somatic cells do not pass to descendants. Thus, the correct answer is 'Indian women have been getting their ears pierced for thousands of years, but not a single baby with pierced ears is born.'

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

As per Lamarck, well developed auricle muscles of rabbit have evolved due to

  1. Continuous use

  2. Internal vital force

  3. New need

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Lamarckism is the theory of acquired characters, it includes :

  • Internal vital forces. 
  • Effects of environment and new needs. 
  • Use and disuse of organs. 
  • Inheritance of acquired characters.

So, the correct option is 'Continuous use'

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Lamarckism cannot explain

  1. Webbed toes in aquatic birds

  2. Weak muscles in the son of a wrestler

  3. Long narrow and limbless body of snakes

  4. Heterophylly
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Lamarck in his use and disuse theory proposed that any body part used vigorously caused it to become stronger and inherited in descendants. Lamarckism was failed to explain the reason behind weak muscles of wrestler’s son. Which was later on explained by August Weismann in his germ plasm theory. The germplasm theory claimed that only those changes would be inherited that affects germplasm (now called DNA) and any change in the body would not affect germplasm, so could not be inherited. Thus, the correct answer is ‘Weak muscles in the son of a wrestler.’

Multiple choice biology enzymes classification of enzyme enzymes classification and cofactors the origin of cells and cell division

Which of the following is not corretly matched for the organism and its cell wall degrading enzyme ?

  1. Bacteria - Lysozyme

  2. Plant cells - Cellulase

  3. Algae - Methylase

  4. Fungi - Chitinase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
In algae, the cell wall is made up of cellulose degraded by cellulase enzyme. Bacteria have lysozyme, plants cells have cell wall degraded by cellulose and fungi have chitinase.

So, the correct answer is 'Algae - Methylase'.
Multiple choice biology biotechnology and genetic engineering stds and infertility gm crops biotechnology

Which of the following statement regarding SCP is incorrect?

  1. Contains carbohydrates and fats.

  2. SCP obtained from algae and fungi.

  3. Commercial SCP is based on mainly yeast and fungi.

  4. Substrate for SCP is saw dust, paddy and straw.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Single-cell protein (SCP) refers to sources of mixed protein extracted from pure or mixed cultures of algae, yeasts, fungi or bacteria (grown on agricultural wastes) used as a substitute for protein-rich foods, in human and animal feeds. Single-cell proteins develop when microbes ferment waste materials including wood, straw, cannery and food-processing wastes, residues from alcohol production, hydrocarbons, or human and animal excreta.

Multiple choice classification of pteridophytes kingdom plantae plant kingdom biology

 Horse tails are

  1. Lycopsida

  2. Pteropsida

  3. Psilopsida

  4. Sphenopsida
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The correct answer is 'Sphenopsida'

Horse tails are a type of fern which belongs to genus Equisetum which is the only genus present in the class Sphenopsida along with many extinct forms.
They have reduced leaves borne in a whorl like a pattern on nodes along with sporangiophore present with sporangia.

Multiple choice classification of pteridophytes kingdom plantae plant kingdom biology

The sperms of Selaginella reach archegonia under chemotaxis of

  1. Proteins

  2. Sugars

  3. Lactic acid

  4. Malic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The sperm of Selaginella are attracted to the archegonia by chemical substances, specifically malic acid, which is a common chemotactic agent in pteridophytes.

Multiple choice classification of pteridophytes kingdom plantae plant kingdom biology

Selaginella sperms swim towards archegonia. The phenomenon is

  1. Chemotaxis

  2. Chemotropism

  3. Chemonasty

  4. Thigmonasty
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Chemotaxis is the movement shown by organism in the direction of the external chemical stimuli. In Selaginella, sperm sense the chemoattractant and orient its swimming towards the archegnonia. Chemotropism is the growth movement shown by organism in the direction of the external chemical stimuli. Chemonasty is the nastic movement shown by organism in response to the external chemical stimuli. Spermatozoa can sense this chemoattractant and orient their swimming direction up the concentration gradient towards the egg cell located in the venter of archegonia

So, the correct answer is 'Chemotaxis'

Multiple choice classification of pteridophytes kingdom plantae plant kingdom biology

The number of neck canal cells in the archegonium of Selaginella is

  1. One

  2. Four

  3. Two

  4. Six or more
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The archegonium which develops from a single superficial cell of prothallus is the archegonial initial found just back of the apical meristem. The archegonia  are sessile and embedded. The archegonial initially divides to give 4+4 cells which make up the neck. The neck has a single neck canal cell.

Multiple choice classification of pteridophytes kingdom plantae plant kingdom biology

In Lycopodium, the antherozoids are

  1. Biflagellate

  2. Multiflagellate

  3. Multiciliate

  4. Non motile
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The antherozoid of Lycopodium is pear shaped with two flagella at the anterior end. The biflagellate antherozoids of Lycopodium resemble more to the antherozoids of Bryophytes, rather than those of vascular plants.

Multiple choice classification of pteridophytes kingdom plantae plant kingdom biology

Multiflagellate male gametes (sperms) are found in

  1. Chlamydomonas

  2. Funaria

  3. Dryopteris

  4. Riccia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Gametophytes have sessile jacketed multicellular sex organs. The male is antheridium and female is archegonium. Antheridia form biflagellated (Selaginella, Lycopodium) or multiflagellated (Dryopteris) male gametes. Antheridium producing about 32 anthropoids. Each anthropoid is large antinuclear coiled and multi flagellate.

Multiple choice botany living world lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

Which of the following statement holds good with the term lichen?

  1. Lichens are small flowerless plants that typically grow in dense green clumps or mats, often in damp or shady locations

  2. They are multi cellular eukaryotic organisms that are heterotrophs

  3. A composite organism made up of a fungus, that grows symbiotically with an algae or a cyanobacterium

  4. Lichens contains only unicellular organisms with a prokaryotic cell organization
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Mosses are small flowerless plants that typically grow in dense green clumps or mats, often in damp or shady locations.
  • Lichens are multicellular, eukaryotic but they have symbiosis as their mode of nutrition where algal component provides nutrition and fungal component helps in mineral absorption and protection.
  • Lichens contain unicellular cyanobacteria if the algal component contains cyanobacteria but all cells are not unicellular as fungal myceliae are multicellular.
  • So the correct answer is 'A composite organism made up of a fungus, that grows symbiotically with an algae or a cyanobacterium.'