Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

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The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

1) The body is long, eel like. It shows trunk and compressed tail.
2) Paired fins are absent. Median fin is supported by cartilaginous fin-rays.
3) The skin is soft and smooth. It is slimy. It has scale less.
4) Z shaped myomeres are present in the trunk and tail protractor and retractor muscles move the tongue.
5) In this group, a true coelome is seen.
These characteristics are seen in the class

  1. Cyclostomata

  2. Pisces

  3. Reptilia

  4. Aves
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Cyclostomes' are jawless vertebrates, They are primitive vertebrates. The cyclostomes are marine or fresh-water vertebrates.

It includes the lampreys and hag fishes.
1) The body is long, eel like. It shows trunk and compressed tail.
2) Paired fins are absent. Median fin is supported by cartilaginous fin-rays.
3) The skin Is soft and smooth. It is slimy. It as scale less.
4) Z shaped myomeres are present in the trunk and tail Protractor and retractor muscles move the tongue.
5) In this group, a true coelome is seen.
6) These vertebrates will not have jaws, hence called Agnatha.
7) The mouth is circular. It works like a sucker. It is surrounded by tentacles.
8) Tongue bears teeth.
9) Stomach is absent and oesophagus leads into the intestine.
10) Endoskeleton is present.
11) Skull is simple and primitive.
12) Notochord presists throughout life.
13) Vertebrae are represented by neural arches, around the notochord.
14) Five to sixteen pairs of gills are present in sac like pouches
15) The heart is two chambered. Sinus venousus is present, but conus arterlcsus is absent.
16) Blood contains leucocytes and Irregular nucleated erythrocytes..
17) Brain is seen.
18) Ten pairs or less number of cranial nerves are present.
19) Nasal sac is single and median.
20) Lateral line sense organ is present.
21) Excretory system includes a pair of mesonephric kidneys.
22) Sexes are separate.
23) Gonad is single and without a gonoduct.
24) Development may be direct or with a long larval stage.
Multiple choice biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

Jawless circular and suctorial mouth are characteristic feature of 

  1. Agnathe animals

  2. Gnathostomes

  3. Cyclostomes animals

  4. Both A and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The subphylum vertebrae are  classified into Agnatha or Agnathostomata- includes vertebrates without jaws. Further, this group has only one class the Cyclostomata. The Cyclostomes are jawless vertebrates with a circular mouth and suctorial funnel.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

Which of the following are jawless animals?

  1. Gnathostomata

  2. Agnatha

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Agnatha is a superclass of jawless fishes in the phylum Chordata. These are ectothermic, meaning they do not regulate their own body temperature. They show slow metabolism in cold water. They do not have a proper stomach rather they have a long homogenous gut.
So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

Humans fall into which kingdom Animalia category?

  1. Hemichordata

  2. Mollusca

  3. Chordata

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Humans are categorized as vertebrates in the phylum Chordata. The phylum Chordata contains all animals that possess, at some point during their lives, a hollow nerve cord, and a notochord, a flexible rod between the nerve cord and the digestive track. The phylum Chordata is an extremely diverse phylum and the one most recognizable to us. 

So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

Pancreas is absent in

  1. Amphibia

  2. Osteichthyes

  3. Chondrichthyes

  4. Cyclostomata
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
A. Amphibians are the cold-blooded, freshwater vertebrates which can live both on land and in water.
B. Osteichthyes is the class of bony fishes which include lungfishes, ray-finned fishes and lobe-finned fishes.
C. Chondrichthyes is a class of Cartilaginous fishes which include sharks, rays and Chimaeras.
D. Cyclostomata is a class of round mouthed fishes under the superclass Agnatha which is known as Jawless vertebrates. The digestive system of Cyclostomata lacks stomach and pancreas.
So, the correct answer is 'Cyclostomata'.
Multiple choice zoology nervous system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

Organism that can respond to stimuli are 

  1. Eukaryotes only

  2. Prokaaryotes only
  3. Both $(i)$ and $(ii)$

  4. Those with a well developed nervous system
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

All living organism need to respond to change in their environment. They respond to stimuli after this detection takes place. 

Stimulus > detection> coordination> response. 
Receptors are specialized cells that detect a stimulus. Their job is to convert the stimulus into electrical signals in nerve cells.

So the correct option is " Those with a well developed nervous system". 

Multiple choice botany nutrition in plants nutrition and its types types of nutrition in plants different modes of nutrition in plants

Pitcher plant Dischidia differs from Sarracenia and Nepenthes in.

  1. Sessile pitcher

  2. Absence of lid

  3. Absence of insect trapping

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Dischidia is a sessile pitcher plant similar to nepenthes & sarracenia. It differs from nepenthes and sarracenia because it's pitcher is not having lids and the absence of insect trapping as it is a myrmecophilic plant and an epiphyte.

So, the correct answer is 'Both B and C'. 

Multiple choice evs - i busy at work - our internal organs human lymphatic system lymph and its function lymph and tissue fluid

Consider the following statements.
1. Heart is three-chambered in fishes.
2. Heart is four-chambered in birds.
3. All animals of class Amphibia are characterized by two pairs of limbs.
4. All reptiles respire by lungs only.
Which of the above statements given are correct?

  1. 1, 2, 3 and 4

  2. 1 and 3

  3. 2 and 4

  4. 2, 3 and 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Multiple choice evs more about organ system introduction to excretory system structures and functions related to the excretory system introduction to excretion

Nephridia are the excretory organ of ___________.

  1. Protozoans

  2. Coelenterates

  3. Flatworms

  4. Annelids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Nephridia: a tubule open to the exterior which acts as an organ of excretion or osmoregulation. It typically has ciliated or flagellated cells and absorptive walls. Nephridia remove metabolic wastes from an animal's body. They are present in many different invertebrate lines. There are two basic types, metanephridia and protonephridia, but there are other types. A metanephridium is a type of excretory gland found in many types of invertebrates such as annelids, arthropods and Mollusca.

So, the correct answer is 'Annelids'.
Multiple choice evs more about organ system introduction to excretory system structures and functions related to the excretory system introduction to excretion

Excretory organs of protochordate Amphioxus are

  1. Malpighian tubules

  2. Protonephridia

  3. Kidney

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Amphioxus or Branchiostoma is a peculiar chordate animal, which does not have excretory organs in the form of mesodermal kidneys but are in the form of protonephridia. They are similar to protonephridia of flat worms or polychaete, annelids and they are ectodermal in origin. In Amphioxus there are 90 to 100 pairs of protonephridia present segmentally on dorso-lateral pharyngeal wall one above each gill slit on either side. Simply, they are ciliated, thin walled, closed ectodermal tubules like structures.

Multiple choice evs more about organ system introduction to excretory system structures and functions related to the excretory system introduction to excretion

Urinary bladder is absent in

  1. Aves

  2. Reptiles

  3. Amphibians

  4. Mammal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
In mammals, urine is made in the kidneys and travels down through two tubes called ureters to the muscular sac called as urinary bladder. The bladder stores urine, allowing urination to be infrequent and controlled. The urinary bladder is absent in aves because they do not urinate, their excretory waste is excreted as white paste through the cloaca.
So, the correct answer is 'Aves'.
Multiple choice evs more about organ system introduction to excretory system structures and functions related to the excretory system introduction to excretion

When a fresh water protozoan is placed in marine water

  1. The contractile vacuole disappears

  2. Contractile vacuole increases in size

  3. A number of contractile vacuoles appear

  4. The contractile vacuole remains unchanged.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
The function of a contractile vacuole in protozoan is to expel out excess water. When a freshwater protozoan is placed in marine water the contractile vacuole disappears because the function of contractile vacuole is to expel out excess water but in case of marine water, The water should be retained instead of expelled.
So, the correct answer is 'The contractile vacuole disappears'.
Multiple choice evs more about organ system introduction to excretory system structures and functions related to the excretory system introduction to excretion

Archinephros occurs in

  1. Adult hagfish

  2. Larva of hagfish

  3. Molluscs

  4. Anamniotes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Hagfish belongs to the class Myxini. Archinephros or ancestral vertebrate kidney are retained by larvae of hagfish and of some caecilians. Archinephros extend from anterior to the posterior end of the body, with segmentally arranged glomeruli and nephrostomes. Glomeruli received blood from the dorsal aorta and filtered nitrogenous wastes into the coelom, from where they were collected by the nephrostomes and transported to outside via collecting ducts and archinephric ducts.
So, the correct answer is 'Larva of hagfish'.
Multiple choice evs more about organ system introduction to excretory system structures and functions related to the excretory system introduction to excretion

Dermal scales are present in

  1. Anura

  2. Urodela

  3. Labyrinthodontia

  4. Gymnophiona
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Gymnophiona, also called apoda, is one of the three major extant orders of the class amphibia. Its members are known as caecilians. Their skin is smooth but some species have colourful skins. Inside the skin are calcite scales. Because of these scales, the caecilians were once thought to be related to the fossil Stegocephalia.