General Awareness · Science General

Inventors and Scientific Discoveries

4,616 Questions

This hub provides questions related to great inventors and their scientific discoveries. It covers the inventors of the telephone, radio, and microchips, alongside Nobel Prize winners. These facts are crucial for the general awareness section of major competitive exams.

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Inventors and Scientific Discoveries Questions

Multiple choice history the industrial revolution and social change (1750-1900 ce) industrial revolution and its effects industries and impact the industrial age and change of life of people

________ developed a method of producing high-quality iron in the blast furnace.

  1. John Kay

  2. Richard Arkwright

  3. Abraham Darby

  4. James Watt
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Abraham Darby developed the process of using coke instead of charcoal to smelt iron, which significantly improved the quality and efficiency of iron production in blast furnaces.

Multiple choice zoology soil pollution industrial chemicals and their harmful effects toxic wastes and their effects soil pollution-causes

Bordeaux mixture was discovered by

  1. Paul Muller

  2. M. N. Saha

  3. C. H. Barrat

  4. P M A Millardert
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Bordeaux mixture (also called Bordo Mix) is a mixture of copper(II) sulfate and slaked lime, used as a fungicide. It is used in vineyards, fruit-farms and gardens to prevent infestations of downy mildew, powdery mildew and other fungi. Bordeaux mixture was discovered by P M A Millardert.

Multiple choice botany the mitotic cell cycle chromosome and its structure chromosome nucleus and chromosome

Who hypothesised that individuals of the same species have the same number of chromosomes?

  1. Augustus Weisemann

  2. Theodor Boveri

  3. Wilhelm Roux

  4. Robert Remark
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

August Weismann proposed the germ plasm theory and hypothesized that the number of chromosomes is constant for individuals of the same species, which is a fundamental concept in genetics.

Multiple choice botany the mitotic cell cycle chromosome and its structure chromosome nucleus and chromosome

The first person to observe chromosome was

  1. Waldayer

  2. Hofmeister

  3. F. Meischer

  4. G. Cuvier
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Chromosomes were discovered by Hofmeister (1848), studied by Strasburger (1875) and given the present name by Waldeyer (1888) after their staining by dyes like Janus Green. Chromosomes are a thread like structure. It is composed of DNA and protein and it is considered as a carrier of genetic characters from parents to offspring.

So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice botany the mitotic cell cycle chromosome and its structure chromosome nucleus and chromosome

Who used the word "chromosome"

  1. Huxley

  2. Flemming 1888

  3. Kollikar 1888

  4. Waldeyer 1888
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Johannsen coined the term phenotype and genotype and conducted his pure line experiment in genetics.
Waldeyer 1888 used the term chromosome to describe certain structures that form during the process of cell division.
Benda coined the term mitochondria to describe their tendency to form long chains.
Flemming coined the term chromatin and mitosis, and also described the threadlike structure in the cell nucleus that was later named chromosome.
So, the correct option is 'Waldeyer 1888'.
Multiple choice botany the mitotic cell cycle chromosome and its structure chromosome nucleus and chromosome

The term chromosome was coined by

  1. Hofmeister

  2. Strasburger

  3. Waldeyer

  4. Laemli
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Chromosomes can be defined as thread-like structure which contains DNA and proteins which are found in the nucleus of most living cells.
  • They carry the genetic information in the form of genes.
  • The word chromosome is derived from the Greek word chroma meaning "colour" and soma meaning "body".
  • The term was coined by von Waldeyer-Hartz in relation to the term chromatin which was introduced by Walther Flemming.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Waldeyer'.
Multiple choice botany the mitotic cell cycle chromosome and its structure chromosome nucleus and chromosome

Term chromosome was coined by

  1. Hofmeister

  2. Sutton

  3. Boveri

  4. Waldeyer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The term "chromosome" (comes from the Greek word "chroma" meaning colour and "soma" meaning "body", describing their strong staining by particular dyes) was first suggested in 1888 by the German anatomist Heinrich Wilhelm Gottfried von Waldeyer-Hartz.


So, the correct answer is 'Waldeyer'

Multiple choice botany the mitotic cell cycle chromosome and its structure chromosome nucleus and chromosome

The term chromonema was coined by

  1. Flemming

  2. Strasburger

  3. De Robertis

  4. Vijdovsky
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Chromonema is spirally coiled central filament that extends the entire length of a chromosome and on which the genes are located. During mitotic prophase, the chromosome material appeared as thin filaments which are known as chromonema. This term is introduced by Vijdovsky in 1912. 

It represents chromatids in the early stages of condensation. Hence option D is correct.

Multiple choice botany the mitotic cell cycle chromosome and its structure chromosome nucleus and chromosome

Synaptinemal complex was first described by

  1. Moses

  2. Bowmann

  3. Montgomery

  4. Pfitzner
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The snaptinemal complex was first described by Montrose J. Moses and D. Fawcett in 1956. Moses discovered in primary spermatocyte of crayfish and Fawcett discovered in spermatocytes of pigeon, cat, and man etc. It is protein structure that forms between homologous chromosomes during meiosis and mediates chromosome pairing.
So the correct option is A

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

Blood precipitation test was proposed by

  1. Wallace

  2. Nuttal

  3. Bateson

  4. Needham
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Blood precipitation test was proposed by Wallace. Blood precipitation reactions are based on the interaction between antibodies and antigens. They are based on two soluble reactants (Antigen and antibody) that come together to make one insoluble product(Antigen-Antibody complex), the precipitate. 
So, the correct answer is 'Wallace'.