General Awareness · Science General

Inventors and Scientific Discoveries

4,616 Questions

This hub provides questions related to great inventors and their scientific discoveries. It covers the inventors of the telephone, radio, and microchips, alongside Nobel Prize winners. These facts are crucial for the general awareness section of major competitive exams.

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Inventors and Scientific Discoveries Questions

Multiple choice zoology genetics of the future hgp and dna fingerprinting dna fingerprinting human genome project and dna fingerprinting

The technique of DNA finger printing was initially developed by 

  1. lan wilmut

  2. Hargobind Khorana

  3. Jacque Monod

  4. Alec Jeffreys

  5. Francois Jacob
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

DNA profiling is the process of determining an individual's DNA characteristics, which are as unique as fingerprints. The technique was developed in 1984 by British geneticist Alec Jeffreys. 

So, the correct option is D, 'Alec Jeffreys'.

Multiple choice history industrial revolution from capitalism to imperialism industrial revolution and inventions industrial revolution and its effects

Who invented the ''penny post system''?

  1. Samuel Morse

  2. Sir Rowland Hill

  3. James Brindley

  4. Bessemer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Penny Post is one of several postal systems in which normal letters could be sent for one penny. It was invented by Sir Rowland Hill was an English teacher, inventor, and social reformer. He was knighted by Queen Victoria for 'services to the Nation'.

Multiple choice history industrial revolution from capitalism to imperialism industrial revolution and inventions industrial revolution and its effects

Who invented the telegraph?

  1. Samuel Morse

  2. Sir Rowland Hill

  3. James Brindley

  4. Davy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Telegraph is the long-distance transmission of textual or symbolic messages without the physical exchange of an object bearing the message. It was invented by an American inventor Samuel Morse in 1844.

Multiple choice botany classical genetics incomplete dominance deviation from mendelism inheritance

The phenomenon of incomplete dominance was observed by

  1. Hugo de vries

  2. Correns

  3. Tschermak

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Even though Mendel did not try to explain traits that did blend, other scientists eventually did. The discovery of incomplete dominance is usually credited to German Botanist Carl Correns who studied four o'clock plants. Instead of having only two colors of petals on the flowers, there was an intermediate colour that would show up that corresponded to Mendel's genotype ratio of 1:2:1 instead of his pheontype ratio of 3:1. This showed that each genotype corresponded to its own unique phenotype and that the heterozygotes were showing a blend of both alleles instead of one being completely dominant over the other.
Incomplete dominance was actually seen and recorded long before Carl Correns published his works and even before Gregor Mendel worked with his pea plants and published his findings. Since there was no discipline known as Genetics at that time, however, it was not fully explored. Scientists dating back to ancient times discussed the blending of traits in their writings which could be attributed to incomplete dominance. However, it wasn't until after Mendel and Correns that the term "incomplete dominance" came into common usage and the mechanism for how it worked was known.

Multiple choice botany classical genetics incomplete dominance deviation from mendelism inheritance

Incomplete dominance was first discovered by

  1. Mendel

  2. Hugo de Vries

  3. Carl Correns

  4. Tschermak
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Gregor Mendel was the founder of modern genetics. He performed experiments of on pea plant and established many rules of heredity, now referred to as the laws of Mendelian inheritance.
  • Hugo de Vries gave the concept of genes, rediscovered laws of heredity, introduced the term mutation and gave the mutation theory of evolution.
  • Carl Correns is known for his independent discovery of the principles of heredity and also discovered non-mendelian inheritance like cytoplasmic inheritance or cytoplasmic inheritance.
  • Tschermark developed several new disease-resistant crops. Along with Vries and Correns, he discovered Gregor's work.
So, the correct option is 'Carl Correns'.

Multiple choice zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

First plant classification was given by

  1. Linnaeus

  2. John Ray

  3. Theophrastus

  4. Darwin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Theophrastus is considered father of botany. He was the Greek philosopher and the first to attempt to classify plants on the basis of their morphological features. On the basis of their height, girth and branches, the plants were classified as tree, shrubs, sub-shrubs and herbs.

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

Typological concept of species was given by

  1. Mendel

  2. Aristole and Plato

  3. John Ray

  4. Hutchinson
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
The typological concept of species was proposed by Aristotle and Plato. According to this concept 'There is a definite type or pattern of characters in each species of every living organisms and all the members of species show maximum resemblance with this pattern. The species in which a fixed pattern of characters is present are called as monotypic species.
So, the correct option is 'Aristotle and Plato'.
Multiple choice zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

The scientist who first gave the dynamic concept of species 

  1. Julian Huxley

  2. Linnaeus

  3. Lamarck

  4. John Ray
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The dynamic concept of species was given by Lamarck. According to this concept 'Species is always changeable'. Changes always occur in the characters of species from one generation to the next generation. And these changes are known as evolution.

So, the correct option is 'Lamarck'.

Multiple choice zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

System of classification proposed by two botanists and claimed to be natural system is by

  1. Bentham and Hooker

  2. Aristotle and Theophrastus

  3. Darwin and Wallace

  4. Engler and Prantl
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Natural classification is based on the complete morphological characters of stem, root, leaves, flowers etc. Bentham and Hooker's classification is based on these characters hence it is an example of to be the natural system.
  • Aristotle and Theophrastus used simple and observable traits for classification.
  • Darwin and Wallace were associated with theories related to evolution.
  • Engler and Prantl presented the evolutionary system of classification
So, the correct option is 'Bentham and Hooker'.

Multiple choice zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

Which is not correct?

  1. Embryology - Aristotle

  2. Taxonomy - Carlous Linnaeus

  3. Paleontology - Leonardo de Vinci

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Taxonomy is the science of the naming and classifying or grouping of organisms. In 1700, Swedish naturalist Carolus Linnaeus developed a hierarchical classification system for organisms called binomial nomenclature. Palaeontology is the science of the forms of life existing in the former geological period, as represented by their fossils. 

Leonardo Da Vinci, the great artist who is famous for his work in painting, sculpting, architecture, science, music etc is known as the father of paleontology.
Aristotle was the great philosopher. He contributed to embryology to some extent by describing the development of the chicken embryo and navel string linking of embryo to the placenta in a species of dogfish. He is called the father of embryology.

Therefore all the answers are correct.

Multiple choice zoology the living world history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

Which of the following scientist has made a significant contribution in the field of classification?

  1. Pasteur

  2. Oparin

  3. Darwin

  4. Linnaeus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Pasteur, Oparin and Darwin are the scientists who are known for their contributions in the field of microbiology, biochemistry (theory for the origin of life) and evolution (origin of species) respectively. Carl Linnaeus gave the Linnaean taxonomy and binomial nomenclature. The classification and the nomenclature were published in the book Systema Naturae which was written by Carl Linnaeus. The binomial nomenclature for the classification of the organisms is considered as an important contribution. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Multiple choice medieval world history world history general knowledge

Which of the following was invented by China?

  1. Kite

  2. Water Clock

  3. Umbrella

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

China is credited with the invention of the kite, the water clock, and the umbrella, among many other significant technological advancements.