Biology

Human Immunity and Blood

2,096 Questions

Human immunity and blood questions cover the physiological mechanisms protecting the body against diseases and the components of blood. Topics include blood groups, cell mediated immunity, monoclonal antibodies, and blood coagulation. These biology topics frequently appear in general science sections of competitive exams.

Blood groupsCell mediated immunityMonoclonal antibodiesBlood coagulationCancer immunology

Human Immunity and Blood Questions

Multiple choice

Blood group is due to ____________.

  1. specific antigens on WBCs

  2. specific antibodies on RBCs

  3. specific antigens on RBCs

  4. specific antigens on platelets

  5. specific antibodies on platelets
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is correct as blood group is due to antigens on RBC surface.

Multiple choice

The immunoglobulin present in tears and saliva is

  1. IgM

  2. IgD

  3. IgE

  4. IgA

  5. IgG
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This immunoglobulin being an antibody plays a vital role in mucosal immunity. It is dominately present in mucous secretions, including tears and saliva.

Multiple choice

The most defining feature of a regulatory T-cell is

  1. expression of CD4

  2. expression of Foxp3

  3. production of IL-10

  4. that it can be induced by TGF

  5. expression of CD25
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Expression of Foxp3 transcription factor is the best 'marker' that correlates with regulatory T-cell activity.

Multiple choice

The systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterised by

  1. a type III hypersensitivity

  2. an autoimmune disease

  3. a disease that often affects the skin

  4. a disease that often affects the kidneys

  5. a disease in which characteristically anti-DNA auto antibodies are present
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Although patients with SLE often develop an immune complex mediated glomerulonephritis, this is not the single best defining feature. Patients with SLE very characteristically possess anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA), including antibodies against DNA.

Multiple choice

Which of the following can be made from donor blood?

  1. Activated factor VII

  2. Recombinant factor VIII

  3. Recombinant factor X

  4. Albumin solution

  5. Rituximab
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The albumin solution is suitable for medical use generally at concentrations of 5-25%. Human albumin is often used to replace lost fluid, and help restore blood volume in trauma, burns and surgery patients.

Multiple choice

Which of these statements concerning platelets is not true?

  1. They extrude their nucleus as they pass through the spleen.

  2. The megakaryocyte matures by endomitotic synchronous replication so that the number of nuclear lobes increases within the cell.

  3. Thrombopoietin is the major regulator of platelet production, and is produced by the liver and kidneys.

  4. The platelet lifespan is 7-10 days.

  5. The platelets provide phospholipid for the initiation of the coagulation process.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is an incorrect statement as the platelets bud off from megakaryocytes, and never have a nucleus.

Multiple choice

Which of the following transfusions is likely to cause intravascular haemolysis?

  1. Group O blood to group A recipient

  2. Group B blood to group O recipient

  3. Group O blood to group AB recipient

  4. Rh positive blood to a Rh negative donor

  5. Rh negative blood to a Rh positive donor
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

When group B blood is transfused to group O recipient, it will cause intravascular haemolysis as the recipient has anti-B antibodies.