Biology
Human Excretion and Kidney Physiology
1,215 Questions
Human excretion and kidney physiology questions test your understanding of the excretory system, including the role of renal tubules and glomerular filtration. You will also find topics on urine formation, body water absorption, and excretory products. This section is vital for medical and general science exam preparation.
Glomerular filtrationRenal tubule absorptionExcretory productsRole of sodium ionsHuman excretory system
Human Excretion and Kidney Physiology Questions
-
Kidneys are located in front of the stomach.
-
The left kidney is slightly above the right one.
-
Nephron is the basic structural unit of kidney.
-
All of the above
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Kidneys are located at the back of the stomach.
-
Ammonia
-
Iron
-
Uric acid
-
Acetic acid
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct option is (3).
-
ureter
-
rectum
-
anus
-
urethra
D
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct option is (4).
-
It has a pair of urethras.
-
The kidneys filter the blood to remove wastes and produce urine.
-
The urinary bladder stores the urine.
-
It has a pair of ureters.
-
that has a network of capillaries
-
that forms a common tube called ureter
-
that stores urine temporarily before elimination
-
in which filtration is accomplished
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct option is (3).
-
Bowman’s capsule
-
Glomerulus
-
Tubule
-
Renal artery
A
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct option is (1).
-
ammonia
-
urea
-
uric acid
-
amino acid
-
-
C
Correct answer
Explanation
High levels of uric acid in the blood (hyperuricemia) can result from increased production of uric acid in the body by nucleotide metabolism.
-
kidney
-
gall bladder
-
liver
-
urinary bladder
-
--
-
present in all vertebrates
-
present in all chordates
-
absent in mammals
-
present in mammals
-
-
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Correct Answer: present in all vertebrates
-
blood minus blood corpuscles and plasma proteins
-
blood minus corpuscles
-
mixture of water, ammonia and corpuscles
-
urine
-
-
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Glomerulus filters blood and produces glomerular filtrate. This filtrate contains water, glucose, salts and urea. Bowman's capsule collects the filtrate and it enters the tubules.
-
urea
-
uric acid
-
sugar
-
None of these
-
-
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Protein metabolism denotes the various biochemical processes that are responsible for the synthesis of proteins and amino acids and the breakdown of proteins into urea.
-
Nephron
-
Ureter
-
Loop of Henle
-
Bowman's capsule
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidneys and its chief function is to regulate water and soluble substances in the blood by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. Its function is vital for homeostasis.
-
Protozoa
-
Human beings
-
Earthworm
-
Centipedes
-
Kidneys
-
Uteters
-
Renal veins
-
Liver
-
Renal disease is uncommon in diabetic patients.
-
Microscopic hematuria is an early sign of diabetic nephropathy.
-
Retinopathy is usually absent if nephropathy is present.
-
Good glycemic control may slow the progression of nephropathy.
-
Renal transplantation is generally contraindicated in diabetic patients.
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Good glycemic control appears to be of benefit in slowing the rate of renal progression. The outcome from transplantation is better for non-diabetic patients than for diabetic patients. Transplantation prolongs life expectancy in diabetic patients with end stage renal disease.