Biology

Human Excretion and Kidney Physiology

1,152 Questions

Human excretion and kidney physiology questions test your understanding of the excretory system, including the role of renal tubules and glomerular filtration. You will also find topics on urine formation, body water absorption, and excretory products. This section is vital for medical and general science exam preparation.

Glomerular filtrationRenal tubule absorptionExcretory productsRole of sodium ionsHuman excretory system

Human Excretion and Kidney Physiology Questions

Multiple choice

The concentration gradient in the medulla is created by

  1. loop of henle

  2. glomerulus

  3. bowman's capsule

  4. nephron

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In the kidney, the loop of Henle (or Henle's loop or ansa nephroni) is the portion of the nephron that leads from the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule. The loop has a hairpin bend in the renal medulla. The main function of this structure is to create a concentration gradient in the medulla of the kidney.

Multiple choice

In which part of the nephron is water re-absorbed?

  1. Collecting ducts

  2. Distal Convoluted Tubules

  3. Loop of Henle

  4. Proximal Convoluted Tubules
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In the kidney, the loop of Henle is the portion of a nephron that leads from the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule. Here water is re-absorbed.

Multiple choice

The process of ultra-filtration takes place in

  1. glomerulus

  2. pelvis

  3. medulla

  4. ureter

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is where ultra-filtration takes place. Blood from the renal artery is forced into the glomerulus under high pressure. Most of the liquid is forced out of the glomerulus into the Bowman's capsule which surrounds it. 

Multiple choice

The consumption of urine is known as

  1. urination

  2. paraphilia

  3. urophagia

  4. paraphilic infantilism

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Urophagia is the consumption of urine. There are various reasons that humans may consume urine. Urine was used in several ancient cultures for various health, healing and cosmetic purposes, practices which are still used by some people of these cultures today.

Multiple choice

The aged urine is termed as

  1. lant

  2. ecosan

  3. urolagnia

  4. omorashi

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Lant is called the aged urine. Lant had many uses in pre-industrial households. Most often, it was used for cleaning floors. It was effective because of the ammonium content.

Multiple choice

The functional unit of kidney is _______.

  1. nephridia

  2. nephron

  3. flame cells

  4. nephridian tubules
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The nephron is the microscopic structural and functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood and forming urine.

Multiple choice

Deamination occurs in

  1. kidney

  2. liver

  3. nephron

  4. Both 1 and 2

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In the human body, deamination takes place primarily in the liver. Deamination is the removal of ammonia from the amino acids.

Multiple choice

ADH acts on the

  1. collecting tubule of the kidney

  2. loop of henle

  3. collecting ducts of testes

  4. None of the above

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vasopressin regulates the body's retention of water by acting to increase water reabsorption in the kidney's collecting ducts, the tubules which receive the very dilute urine, produced by the functional unit of the kidney, the nephrons.

Multiple choice

Excretory product of spider is

  1. Uric acid

  2. ammonia

  3. guanine

  4. None of the above

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Guanine is the excretory product in spiders .Excretion of guanine requires lesser amount of water hence it is secreted in spiders which have lower water content in them.