Biology

Human Excretion and Kidney Physiology

1,215 Questions

Human excretion and kidney physiology questions test your understanding of the excretory system, including the role of renal tubules and glomerular filtration. You will also find topics on urine formation, body water absorption, and excretory products. This section is vital for medical and general science exam preparation.

Glomerular filtrationRenal tubule absorptionExcretory productsRole of sodium ionsHuman excretory system

Human Excretion and Kidney Physiology Questions

Multiple choice

The formation of nephric filterate in the glomerulus is an

  1. active process

  2. passive process

  3. both active and passive process

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

 The formation of nephric filterate in the glomerulus is a passive process , nonselective process in which hydrostatic pressure forces fluids through the glomerular membrane.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following is not an excretory organ?

  1. Kidneys

  2. Liver

  3. Lungs

  4. Spleen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

 Among these, spleen is not an excretory organ.It is involved in the production and removal of blood cells in most vertebrates and forming part of the immune system.

Multiple choice

The urine of a man suffering from diabetes insipidus is

  1. sweet and watery

  2. sweet and thick

  3. tasteless and watery

  4. tasteless and thick
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

 The urine of a man suffering from diabetes insipidus is tasteless and watery due to deficiency of Anti Diuretic Hormone.

Multiple choice

Apart from excretion, kidneys also perform

  1. osmoregulation

  2. temperature regulation

  3. hormonal regulation

  4. spermatogensis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Apart from excretion, kidneys also perform osmoregulation. It is the physiological processes that an organism uses to maintain water balance; that is, to compensate for water loss, avoid excess water gain, and maintain the proper osmotic concentration (osmolarity) of the body fluids. 

Multiple choice

Ultrafiltration takes place in

  1. blood capillaries

  2. tissue fluid

  3. glomerulus

  4. urinary bladder
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Ultrafiltration takes place in glomerulus.The structures of the layers of the glomerulus determine their permeability-selectivity (permselectivity).

Multiple choice

If there is deficiency of ADH (antidiuretic hormone), its effect is that

  1. the volume of urine will increase

  2. the volume of urine will decrease

  3. the pH of urine will change from 4.8 to 8.0

  4. secretion of urochrome will take place
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

ADH or vasopressin is a hormone that helps your kidneys manage the amount of water in your body. So, in deficiency of ADH, the volume of urine will increase.

Multiple choice

Which removes waste material from the body?

  1. Lungs

  2. Brain

  3. Heart

  4. Kidneys
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The kidneys are the primary organs responsible for filtering blood and removing waste products from the body in the form of urine.