Biology

Human Excretion and Kidney Physiology

1,215 Questions

Human excretion and kidney physiology questions test your understanding of the excretory system, including the role of renal tubules and glomerular filtration. You will also find topics on urine formation, body water absorption, and excretory products. This section is vital for medical and general science exam preparation.

Glomerular filtrationRenal tubule absorptionExcretory productsRole of sodium ionsHuman excretory system

Human Excretion and Kidney Physiology Questions

Multiple choice

As the ureters pass obliquely through the bladder wall, their openings get shut. Why?

  1. Due to the compression of contracting bladder muscles to prevent the backward flow of urine

  2. Due to the contraction of abdominal cavity to prevent the loss of excess salts and proteins

  3. Due to the contraction of urethral orifice to prevent the excretion of useful vitamins and minerals

  4. Due to the contraction of sphincter muscles of bladder to prevent the loss of hormonal secretion and antibodies

  5. Due to the compression of collecting tube to maintain osmoregulation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

As the ureters pass obliquely through the bladder wall, their openings get shut due to compression of the contracting bladder muscles to prevent the backward flow of urine.

Multiple choice

Public urinals give a pungent smell due to the conversion of

  1. both urea and uric acid into ammonia

  2. uric acid into ammonia by ornithine cycle

  3. urea into ammonia by bacteria

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In public urinals, the urine gives a pungent smell due to the conversion of urea into ammonia by bacteria.

Multiple choice

Diuresis is a condition characterised by

  1. increase in urine volume

  2. increased glucose excretion

  3. decrease in urine volume

  4. decrease in electrolyte balance
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

 Diuresis is a condition characterised by increase in urine volume.

Multiple choice

What are the waste products of kidneys?

  1. Salts, water and carbon dioxide

  2. Urea and water

  3. Urea, water and salts

  4. Urea and salts
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The correct option is (3). Urea, water and salts are the waste products of kidneys.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

  1. Respiratory waste products are formed as a result of oxidation of glucose.

  2. The excretory processes play an important role in the homeostasis in the body.

  3. Salts are mainly excreted through sweat glands of our skin.

  4. Accumulation of urea in the body may cause death.

  5. A large amount of bile pigments is excreted through faeces.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Salts are mainly excreted by kidneys through urine.

Multiple choice

Ornithine cycle occurs in

  1. liver

  2. urinary bladder

  3. kidneys

  4. lungs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Urea is the major end product of nitrogen metabolism in humans and mammals. Ammonia, the product of oxidative deamination reactions, is toxic in even small amounts, and must be removed from the body. The urea cycle or the ornithine cycle describes the conversion reactions of ammonia into urea. Since these reactions occur in the liver, the urea is then transported to the kidneys, where it is excreted.