Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,062 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice biology cell-the basic unit of life number and shape of cells unicellular and multicellular organisms cell parameters diversity and classification in animals

Efficient large-sized cells should be_________.

  1. Elongated.

  2. Branched.

  3. With membrane extensions.

  4. Any of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

To maintain efficiency, large cells often increase their surface-area-to-volume ratio through adaptations like elongation, branching, or membrane extensions (like microvilli), which facilitate better nutrient and waste exchange.

Multiple choice biology cell-the basic unit of life number and shape of cells unicellular and multicellular organisms cell parameters diversity and classification in animals

Which of the following statement are false?
(a) Most cells are tiny with volume range of $1-100$ $n{m}^{3}$
(b) Some cells have microvelli to increase the absorptive surface area.
(c) All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
(d) In plants, translocation of solutes is performed by xylem vessels and tracheids.
(e) According to cell theory, all cells arise from abiotic material.

  1. a), c) and e) are false.

  2. a), d) and e) are false.

  3. b), c) and d) are false.

  4. c), d) and e) are false.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Statement (a) is false because cells are typically in the micrometer range, not nanometers. Statement (d) is false because translocation of solutes (phloem) is performed by phloem, not xylem. Statement (e) is false because cell theory states cells arise from pre-existing cells, not abiotic material.

Multiple choice biology cell-the basic unit of life number and shape of cells unicellular and multicellular organisms cell parameters diversity and classification in animals

A distinguishing feature of latex cells is that they are

  1. Single celled elements with anastomosing branches

  2. Single celled elements with nonanastomosing branches

  3. Multicelled elements with anastomosing branches

  4. Multicelled elements with nonanastomosing branches.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Latex cells (laticifers) are classified into two types: simple (non-articulated) laticifers, which are single-celled and non-anastomosing, and compound (articulated) laticifers, which are multi-celled and often anastomosing.

Multiple choice biology cell-the basic unit of life number and shape of cells unicellular and multicellular organisms cell parameters diversity and classification in animals

safranin stains

  1. Thick walled cells

  2. Lignified cells

  3. Suberized cells

  4. LIving cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Safranin is a biological stain composed of azonium compounds, which is utilized to study histology and cytology. In particular, safranin stains lignified tissues like xylem even in the presence of cellulose particles. Fluorescent safranin staining is useful to stain the cell wall of woody plants and produce green or yellow fluorescence in the secondary cell wall and red or orange fluorescence in the middle lamella region under a fluorescent microscope. 

So, the correct answer is option B, Lignified cells. 

Multiple choice biology cell-the basic unit of life number and shape of cells unicellular and multicellular organisms cell parameters diversity and classification in animals

The longest living cells amongst the following are

  1. RBC

  2. B cells

  3. T cells

  4. Neurons
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

All cells usually have a fixed life span. The cells divide for a certain period of time, after which they die. This has been explained by the phrase "programmed cell death". The lifespan of each type of the body cells differ and it depends on the function it is destined to perform. Neurons are long lived and are generally non-mitotic. Memory T cells and memory B cells can provide long lasting immunity from exposure to antigens, they too are long lasting but their life span is less than that of a neuron.

The lifespan of RBC is shortest amongst the options which are given, it is 115 days. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology cell-the basic unit of life number and shape of cells unicellular and multicellular organisms cell parameters diversity and classification in animals

The largest cell measuring .........., is the egg of an ostrich.

  1. 130 mm-150 mm

  2. 130 mm-180 mm

  3. 130 mm-170 mm

  4. 170 mm-190 mm
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The cell is the structural unit of life and its size ranges from 0.5 micrometers to 100 micrometers. An egg of ostrich is a single-celled structure and know as the largest cell in the world with the size of 130 mm-170 mm. Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biomacromolecules biotechnology cell biology and biotechnology biomolecules biology

Which of the following is nucleo-proteinaceous?

  1. Chromosomes, viruses and ribosomes

  2. Centriole, viruses and lysosomes

  3. VIruses, chromosomes and vacuole

  4. Nucleus, GB, DNA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Nucleo-proteinaceous structures are composed of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) and proteins. Chromosomes (DNA+histones), viruses (DNA/RNA+capsid), and ribosomes (rRNA+proteins) fit this description.

Multiple choice zoology biodiversity and its classifications vertebrates characteristics of vertebrates classification of organisms

Separated cells of two vertebrates are mixed up. They will

  1. Aggregate species-wise

  2. Aggregate tissue-wise

  3. Aggregate species-wise and then tissue-wise

  4. Aggregate species-wise and then reconstruct the animals.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

When dissociated cells from different tissues are mixed, they exhibit selective affinity and re-aggregate based on their tissue type rather than their species origin. This is a classic demonstration of cell-cell recognition and adhesion.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry caskets of life animal cells vs plant cells comparing plant and animal cells comparison between animal and plant cell

Which of the following is found in any plant cell but not in animal cell?

  1. Cell wall

  2. Mitochondria

  3. Cell membrane

  4. Nucleus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • The cell wall is a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria. In the algae and higher plants, it consists mainly of cellulose.
  • A major function of the cell wall is to give the cell strength and structure and to filter molecules that pass in and out of the cell.
  • It is absent in the animal cell.
Hence cell wall is found in any plant cell but not in the animal cell.
So, the correct answer is 'Cell wall'.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry caskets of life animal cells vs plant cells comparing plant and animal cells comparison between animal and plant cell

Cell organelle which differentiates plant cell from animal cell is

  1. Cell membrane

  2. Plastids

  3. Nucleolus

  4. Vacuoles
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The plastid is the most important double-membrane organelle in the cells of plants and algae and absent in animal cells. Plastids are the site of manufacture and storage of important chemical compounds used by the cell. Plastids are cell organelles found in all plant cells and in euglenoids. They bear some specific pigments which impart specific colours to the plants.