Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,062 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice bio-chemistry caskets of life animal cells vs plant cells comparing plant and animal cells comparison between animal and plant cell

Which organelle would you expect to find in a plant cell but not an animal cell?

  1. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

  2. Mitochondria

  3. Ribosome

  4. Chloroplast
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Plant cells contain Chloroplast to carry out function of photosynthesis to create food for it. Animal cells depend on other sources for food as they lack Chloroplasts.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry caskets of life animal cells vs plant cells comparing plant and animal cells comparison between animal and plant cell

What is the difference in the vacuoles of both plant and animal cells?

  1. Animal cells- contain only waste, Plant cells- contain only water

  2. Animal cells- small vacuoles, Plant cells- vacuoles make up 90% of cell

  3. Animal cells- vacuoles make up 90% of cell, Plant cells- small vacuoles

  4. Animal cells- contain only water, Plant cells- contain only waste

  5. Vacuoles are the same in both, Plant and animal cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Explanation: In plant cells, central vacuole is larger than all of the other organelles, which makes up to 90% of cell. In animal cells, small vacuoles are present.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry caskets of life animal cells vs plant cells comparing plant and animal cells comparison between animal and plant cell

Plants differ from animals as the plants have_______

  1. An endoplasmic reticulum

  2. A central vacuole

  3. Golgi complexes

  4. Vesicles
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In plant cells, central vacuole is larger than all of the other organelles. The central vacuole is a membrane-bound organelle containing water and other enzymes that function during the life of the plant. Structurally, the central vacuole is surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry caskets of life animal cells vs plant cells comparing plant and animal cells comparison between animal and plant cell

Which of the following characters distinguishes plant cells from animal cells?

  1. Cell wall

  2. Glyoxysomes

  3. Plastids

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Plastids are present in plant cells, whereas, an animal cell these are usually absent. It helps to trap sunlight for photosynthesis.
Glyoxysomes are present in the plant cell but are absent in an animal cell. It helps in the storage of fats in germinating cells.
The cell wall is present outside of plant cell and absent in an animal cell. It gives rigidity in a plant cell.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry caskets of life animal cells vs plant cells comparing plant and animal cells comparison between animal and plant cell

Plant cells differ from animal cells in having

  1. Mitochondria

  2. Cell wall

  3. Ribosomes

  4. Golgi bodies
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Plant cell and animal cells are mostly similar because both are eukaryotic cells but the only difference is that plant cell contains cell walls, vacuoles, and chloroplasts.

Hence, the correct answer is 'cell wall'.

Multiple choice biology biodiversity and its classifications life introduction to plant kingdom classification of organisms

Which statement best explains why invertebrates regenerate lost tissue more readily than most vertebrates do? 

  1. Invertebrates contain specialized cells that produce the hormones necessary for this process.

  2. Invertebrate cells exhibit a higher degree of uncontrolled cell division than vertebrate cells do.

  3. Invertebrate animals reproduce asexually, but vertebrate animals reproduce sexually.

  4. Invertebrate animals have more undifferentiated cells than vertebrate animals have.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Invertebrate animals have more undifferentiated cells than vertebrate animals have, which explains that they regenerate lost tissue more readily than most vertebrates. Invertebrates, animals without a backbone, such as an earthworm, are simpler than vertebrates, such as a human. Therefore, their cells are not as complex and they may be able to regenerate or grow lost body parts easier than a more complex animal. 
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
Multiple choice biology plant taxonomy classification of kingdom plantae features of plant and animal kingdom plant classification

The organelles found in 4 different types of cells are shown in the table below. Use the information in the table to answer the next 3 questions.
Cell Types and Their Characteristics

Cell Type Nucleus Mitochondria Cell Wall  Cell Membrane Chloroplast
1234 yesyesyes no yesyesyesno noyesyesyes yesyesyesyes noyes nono

Which cell type will undergo the process of photosynthesis?

  1. Cell 1 only

  2. Cell 2 only

  3. Cell 2 and 3 only

  4. Cell 3 only

  5. Cell 3 and 4 only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are the green coloured plastids which contains various pigments necessary for photosynthesis.
Since only cell 2 has the chloroplast, so it will undergo the process of photosynthesis.
So, the correct answer is 'Cell 2 only'.
Multiple choice origin of universe universe and organic evolution biology

Consider the following statements
(a) In prokaryotic cell, an outgrowth of plasma membrane into cell is called polysome
(b) SER is major site for glycoprotein synthesis
(c) RuBisCO is most abundant protein of biosphere
(d) Mitochondria, chIoroplasts and peroxisomes are not part of endomembrane system. Of the above statements.

  1. c and d alone are correct

  2. a and b alone are correct

  3. b and c alone are correct

  4. a and d alone are correct

  5. b and d alone are correct.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

RuBisCO is the most abundant protein on Earth, and mitochondria, chloroplasts, and peroxisomes are indeed excluded from the endomembrane system because they are not derived from the endoplasmic reticulum. Statement (a) is false because mesosomes are the plasma membrane outgrowths in prokaryotes, and (b) is false because the rough ER, not the smooth ER, is the site for protein synthesis.

Multiple choice botany transport in plant homeostasis in plants regulation of stomatal opening stomata

For maintaining the turgidity of guard cells, a continuous supply of .......... is required.

  1. Na$^+$ and ATP
  2. K$^+$ and ATP
  3. K$^+$ and Na$^+$

  4. ATP
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • Guard cells help for regulating the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata. 
  • When the guard cells are swollen, then this turgidity is due to the accumulation of K ions in guard cells. 
  • As K ion level increases, the water potential of guard cells also drops and then water enters into the guard cells. 
  • Then it requires the energy which is utilized from ATP form of energy. Thus this needs a constant supply of ATP.
  • So the correct answer is$ K^{+}$ and ATP.
  • Correct option is B.

Multiple choice botany transport in plant homeostasis in plants regulation of stomatal opening stomata

According to sugar concentration theory, during daytime guard cells become

  1. Turgid

  2. Flaccid

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

According to sugar concentration theory,during daytime ,the guard cells begin photosynthesis and the sugar produced during the process increases the osmotic pressure which draws in water from the adjoining cells due to endosmosis.

Multiple choice botany transport in plant homeostasis in plants regulation of stomatal opening stomata

According to the sugar concentration theory, during daytime the guard cells become

  1. Turgid.

  2. Flaccid.

  3. Placid.

  4. None of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
During day time, photosynthesis occur in the guard cells and glucose is produced. Creating an osmotic gradient, resulting in movement of water from adjacent cells into the guard cells making them turgid.
So, the correct answer is 'Turgid'