Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,062 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice biology organization of life the cell structure cytoplasm number and shape of cells

 Select the correct statement _________________________.

  1. Histone protein is present in all prokaryotes but absent in animal cell

  2. ER is absent in eukaryotes but presents in prokaryotes

  3. Nuclear membrane is absent in prokaryotes but nuclear membrane is present in eukaryotes

  4. Ribosome is present in eukaryotic cells but absent in prokaryotic cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Nucleus is well defined in eukaryotes and nuclear membrane is present.
Histone proteins and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are present in eukaryotes. Ribosomes are present in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Nuclear membrane is absent in prokaryotes but nuclear membrane is present in eukaryotes'.
Multiple choice biology organization of life the cell structure cytoplasm number and shape of cells

Cells capable of division are

  1. Stem cells.

  2. Meristematic cells.

  3. Undifferentiated cells.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Stem cells are totipotent cells that can able to differentiate and divide into any type of cells of the body. meristematic cells are undifferentiated cells of the plants that can able to divide and form tissues, organs of the plant. so cells capable of division are all the cells including stem cells, meristematic cells and undifferentiated cells. Hence option D is correct.

Multiple choice biology organization of life the cell structure cytoplasm number and shape of cells

A nucleated differentiated cell that has lost the power to dedifferentiate is ____________.

  1. Nerve cells.

  2. Kidney cells.

  3. Liver cells.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
A nucleated differentiated cell that has lost the power to division are nerve cells. These are the cells of nervous system and carry electrical messages and signals throughout the body. They have lost their power to division because the existing ones can grow new connections by loosing the old ones and also these cells needs oxygen and nutrients and if it divides rapidly and get packed, it will become difficult to supply and hence will starve.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Multiple choice biology organization of life the cell structure cytoplasm number and shape of cells

Dedifferentiated cells are formed in the region of

  1. Injury.

  2. Regeneration.

  3. Secondary growth.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

An undividable differentiated cell sometimes gains the power to divide. This process is called dedifferentiation. Wound healing after injury and secondary growth in plants are some of the best examples of dedifferentiation. Dedifferentiation is one of the mechanisms of natural regeneration. So answer D is correct.

Multiple choice biology cell structure and micro-organisms plant and animal cell cell structure organisation of the organism

Which cell organelles is absent in an animals cell?

  1. A nucleus

  2. A cell wall

  3. A large vacuole

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The animal cells are the eukaryotic cells which are composed of well-developed cell organelles. The animal cell can be differentiated from the plant cell due to the absence of certain structures in the cell. The cell wall is absent in the animal's cells and they have only the cell membrane. The vacuole is present in the plant cell for storage and absent in the animal cells. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Multiple choice biology cell structure and micro-organisms plant and animal cell cell structure organisation of the organism

Animal cells are 

  1. Round and irregular in shape

  2. Round or rectangular in shape

  3. Regular and rectangular in shape

  4. Irregular and square in shape
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The main difference between an animal cell and a plant cell is that plant cells have a cell wall and animal cell lacks the cell wall. The cell wall which is made up of cellulose gives the plant cell rigidity resulting in a fixed, rectangular shape. Animal cells lack the rigidity hence, they tend to have a round and irregular shape. Animal cells tend to vary greatly in appearance. The cell wall allows high pressure to build inside of the plant cell without bursting. Due to this, the plant cell is able to accept large amounts of liquid through osmosis without bursting. Animal cells, which only have a thin membrane restricting access to the cell, tend to burst if they absorb too much extra water.

Multiple choice biology cell structure and micro-organisms plant and animal cell cell structure organisation of the organism

Animal cell is limited by

  1. Plasma membrane

  2. Cell membrane

  3. Basement membrane

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The cell wall is absent in an animal cell. The plasma membrane is a biological membrane that separates the interior of animal cells from the outside environment. The basic function of the plasma membrane is to protect the cell from its surroundings. The cell membrane is also known as plasma membrane.

Multiple choice biology cell structure plant and animal cell cell structure and micro-organisms organisation of the organism

Which of the following is useful for the study of a typical animal cell?

  1. Blood cell

  2. Hair cell

  3. Skin cell

  4. Human cheek cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
As in all animal cells, the cells of the human cheek do not possess a cell wall. A cell membrane that is semi-permeable surrounds the cytoplasm. Unlike plant cells. Human cheek cells form an excellent example for studying the animal cell as it is easy to obtain freshly for experiments as well as easy to handle while forming mount slide.
Multiple choice biology cell structure and micro-organisms plant and animal cell cell structure organisation of the organism

Which of the following is absent in an animal cell?

  1. Cytoplasm

  2. Nucleus

  3. Cell membrane

  4. Cell wall
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The plants and the animal cells are the eukaryotic cells which are composed of well-developed cell organelles. The animal cell can be differentiated from the plant cell due to the absence of certain structures in the cell. The cell wall is absent in the animal's cells and they have only the cell membrane. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Multiple choice biology cell structure and micro-organisms plant and animal cell cell structure organisation of the organism

Which of the following life processes does not take place in animal cells?

  1. Movement

  2. Respiration

  3. Excretion

  4. Photosynthesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The animal cells lack the cellular organelle chloroplast. The chloroplast or the chlorophyll pigments are required for carrying out photosynthesis by capturing solar energy. The animal cells devoid of this organelle cannot perform photosynthesis.

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Multiple choice biology cell structure plant and animal cell cell structure and micro-organisms organisation of the organism

Interconvertible organelle in plant cell is 

  1. Plastids

  2. Vacuole

  3. Mitochondria

  4. Lysosome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Chloroplasts (Green Plastids) are plant cell organelles which take part in photosynthesis and temporary or permanent storage of starch. In green alga, chloroplasts are of various shapes and sizes but chloroplasts of higher plants are disc-shaped with a diameter of 4 to 6 micrometer and thickness of 2 to 4 micrometer. In embryophytes, they are the second largest cell organelle, smaller only to the nucleus.
Chromosomes are not distinct cell organelles.
Both Golgi apparatus and mitochondria are much smaller than chloroplasts.
So, the correct answer is 'Plastids'
Multiple choice biology cell structure plant and animal cell cell structure and micro-organisms organisation of the organism

Select the wrong statement from the following.

  1. The chloroplasts are generally much larger than mitochondria

  2. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria contain an inner and an outer membrane

  3. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria have an internal compartment, the thylakoid space bounded by the thylakoid membrane

  4. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria contain DNA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer