Tag: cell theory, cell specialization, and cell replacement

Questions Related to cell theory, cell specialization, and cell replacement

Which one is enucleated?

botany cell theory, cell specialization, and cell replacement number and shape of cells unicellular and multicellular organisms diversity and classification in animals

  1. Squamous epithelial cells

  2. Mature leucocyte of man

  3. Mature erythrocyte of frog

  4. Mature erythrocyte of man

  5. Osteocyte in man

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

  • Enucleation is the phenomenon in which the nucleus is removed. Enucleation occurs roughly when the cell has reached maturity.
  • Red blood cells or Erythrocytes are initially produced in the bone marrow with a nucleus. They then undergo a process known as enucleation.
  • Enucleation allows the red blood cell to contain more hemoglobin and therefore, carry more oxygen molecules. It also allows the cell to have its distinctive bi-concave shape which aids diffusion. This shape would not be possible if the cell had a nucleus in the way. Hence mature erythrocyte of man is enucleated.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Mature erythrocyte of man'.

Forthe formation of diploid cells from haploid cells, colchicine is used to

botany cell theory, cell specialization, and cell replacement number and shape of cells unicellular and multicellular organisms diversity and classification in animals

  1. Stop the spindle fibres formation

  2. Replicate DNA twicely in one cell cycle

  3. Stop the formation of centromere

  4. Stop the mitotic division

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Correct Option: A

Growth at cellular level, is principally a consequence of increase in the amount of

botany cell theory, cell specialization, and cell replacement number and shape of cells unicellular and multicellular organisms diversity and classification in animals

  1. Protoplasm

  2. DNA

  3. Cell wall

  4. Cell organelles

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Protoplasm comprises of cytoplasm, nucleus and other cell organelles. Growth at cellular level includes increase in size of nucleus and other cell organelles. The growth at cellular level is a result of increase in amount of protoplasm.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Protoplasm.'

Which of the following factors affect a cell's surface area to volume ratio?
(I) Cell size
(II) Presence of selectively permeable membrane
(III) Presence of a convoluted membrane
(IV) Presence of many membrane transport protein

botany cell theory, cell specialization, and cell replacement number and shape of cells unicellular and multicellular organisms diversity and classification in animals

  1. (I) only

  2. (I), (II), (III) only

  3. (I) and (III) only

  4. (III) and (IV) only

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Refer to the following table for your possible answer.

Cell types analysed Average mass of DNA/cell (x $10^{-11}$g)
X $0.00$
Y $3.35$
Kidney $6.70$
Lung $6.70$

What is the correct identify of cell type X and Y?

botany cell theory, cell specialization, and cell replacement number and shape of cells unicellular and multicellular organisms diversity and classification in animals

  1. X-sperm cell, Y-liver cell

  2. X-liver cell, Y-smooth muscle cell

  3. X-smooth muscle cell, Y-mature red blood cell

  4. X-mature red blood cell, Y-sperm cell

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Correct Option: A

The maximum work that a standard Daniell cell can do before it stops working is
$[1 \,F = 96487\, C\, mol^{-1}\, and\, E^o = 1.1 V]$

diversity and classification in animals unicellular and multicellular organisms number and shape of cells cell theory, cell specialization, and cell replacement botany

  1. $212.271\, kJ \,mol^{-1}$

  2. $21.227\, kJ \,mol^{-1}$

  3. $721.221 \,kJ \,mol^{-1}$

  4. $71.222 \,kJ \,mol^{-1}$

Show answer
Correct Option: A

The surface area to volume ratio increase as the cell size 

botany cell theory, cell specialization, and cell replacement number and shape of cells unicellular and multicellular organisms diversity and classification in animals

  1. Unaltered

  2. Slightly increase

  3. Decrease

  4. Increase in many layers

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The total area on the surface of an object is called as 'Surface area' and here the object is 'cell'. While the volume is the amount of the space present inside the cell.

The volume is expressed in cubic units while surface area is expressed in square units
The surface area and volume gets affected, when size of the cell is altered i.e., either increased or decreased.
Let's see how the surface area and volume ratio gets affected...

  • When the cell size increases, the volume increases more than surface area because the volume increases in cubes while surface area increases in squares. Hence, both volume and surface area increases at different rates. And here the surface area to volume ratio decreases as the volume is more than surface area.
  • When the cell size decreases, the volume decreases at unequal rates with respect to surface area. This leads to an increase of the surface area to volume ratio.
Therefore, the surface area to volume ratio increases with the decrease in cell size.

Smaller cells have

diversity and classification in animals unicellular and multicellular organisms number and shape of cells cell theory, cell specialization, and cell replacement botany

  1. Small surface area per volume ratio.

  2. Large surface area per volume ratio.

  3. Slow exchange rate of nutrients.

  4. None of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Surface area to the volume ratio gets smaller as the cell gets larger. Thus, if the cell grows beyond a certain limit, not enough material will be able to cross the membrane fast enough to accommodate the increased cellular volume. Small cells, therefore, have a large surface area to volume ratio. The large surface area to volume ratio of small cells makes the transport of substances into and out of cells extremely efficient.

Large cells have a

botany cell theory, cell specialization, and cell replacement number and shape of cells unicellular and multicellular organisms diversity and classification in animals

  1. High metabolic rate.

  2. High respiration rate.

  3. Low surface: volume ratio.

  4. High surface: volume ratio.

Show answer
Correct Option: C

When a cell of $2\mu$$m$ diameter grows to double its diameter, its surface area: volume relationship will _____________.

botany cell theory, cell specialization, and cell replacement number and shape of cells unicellular and multicellular organisms diversity and classification in animals

  1. Remain the same.

  2. Become double.

  3. Reduce to half.

  4. Become undetermined.

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Correct Option: C