Biology · Science General

Botany and Plant Science

5,038 Questions

Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.

Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology

Botany and Plant Science Questions

Multiple choice flower and fruit flower: parts of a flower flower and pollination flower to flower

Consider the following statements.


(i) In Gynandropsis, Passiflora, etc. thalamus is elongated and shows well developed nodes and internodes.
(ii) The floral buds in Agave, Allium, etc. may sometimes get modified into vegetative buds or bulbils.
(iii) Sepals are concerned with protection of flowers in bud condition and petals help to attract insects for pollination.
(iv) Stamens and carpels serve as the male and female reproductive organs respectively.

Which of the following combinations of above statements provides an evidence that flower is a modified shoot?

  1. (i) and (ii)

  2. (ii) and (iii)

  3. (iii) and (iv)

  4. (i) and (iv)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The elongation of the thalamus (nodes and internodes) and the modification of floral buds into vegetative structures (bulbils) are classic evidences supporting the theory that a flower is a modified shoot.

Multiple choice flower and fruit flower: parts of a flower flower and pollination flower to flower

Anthers dehisce longitudinally towards the side of carpels. The condition is

  1. Introrse

  2. Extrorse

  3. Innate

  4. Centripetal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The anthers of stamens can be found facing the centre or the periphery of the flowers. When the anthers face the centre or the gynoecium and dehisce longitudinally while facing the carpel or gynoecium, the condition is called introrse. When the anthers face the periphery or the petals and dehisce away from the carpel, the condition is called extrorse.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Introrse'

Multiple choice biology flower to flower parts of flower and its functions parts of a flower basics of leaf and flower growth and development in plants

The reproductive part of a plant is:

  1. Leaf

  2. Stem

  3. Root

  4. Flower
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Flower is the reproductive part of the plant. Pistil, stamens, petals and sepals are the four main parts of the flower. Among this, pistil is the female reproductive part and it is made up of stigma, style and ovary. Stamen is the male reproductive part and it consists of filament and anther. 

So, the correct answer is 'Flower'.

Multiple choice biology the living world of plants parts of flower and its functions flower to flower parts of a flower

In Clerodendron _________ flower opens first.

  1. Peripheral

  2. Younger

  3. Terminal

  4. Lower
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Clerodendron shows cymose inflorescence so younger flowers are present at the base of the inflorescence, while older flowers are present at the top. Such an arrangement is called basipetal succession. The peripheral flowers open first.

So, the correct option is 'Peripheral'.

Multiple choice biology flower to flower parts of flower and its functions parts of a flower basics of leaf and flower

The major role of flower in the life of plant is to?

  1. Produce offspring's

  2. Synthesize enzymes and hormones

  3. Secrete honey and scent

  4. Attract insects for pollination
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The primary role of a flower is reproduction. They are the reproductive organs of a plant and they help in the joining of the pollen and the ovules to produce an offspring.

So, the correct answer is Option A.

Multiple choice biology flower to flower parts of flower and its functions parts of a flower basics of leaf and flower growth and development in plants

Identify the wrong statement.

  1. A plant that bears male, female and bisexual flowers is polygamous

  2. Actinomorphic flower can be dissected into two equal halves from any plane

  3. Superior ovary is found in hypogynous flowers

  4. Side of the flower towards the bract is called posterior side
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The wrong statement is " the side of the flower towards the bract is called posterior side"

The correct statement is the side of the flower towards the bract is called the anterior side. 
So, the correct answer is 'Side of the flower towards the bract is called posterior side'

Multiple choice biology flower to flower parts of flower and its functions parts of a flower basics of leaf and flower growth and development in plants

Reproduction in rose plant is through

  1. Stem

  2. Flowers

  3. Roots

  4. Seeds
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A small part of a plant which is removed by making a cut with a sharp knife is called a 'cutting'. A cutting may be a piece of stem, root or even a leaf. While making a cut, care should be taken to see that there are some buds on it. Cutting is a part of artificial reproduction. In this method, a cutting of the parent plant (say, of stem or shoot) having some buds on it is taken and its lower part is buried in the moist soil. After a few days, the cutting develops roots, shoot and grows into a new plant. Cuttings are a means of asexual reproduction in plants. The new plant formed from a cutting is exactly similar to the parent plant. The plants like rose, Bougainvillea, Chrysanthemum, grapes, sugarcane, bananas, and cactus, etc., can be grown by means of cuttings. For example, rose plant and Chrysanthemum are propagated (or reproduced) by means cuttings from stems (or shoots) as follows. A piece of stem (or side shoot) having bud is cut from an existing rose plant with the help of a knife. The lower part of this gutting is buried in moist soil. After a few days, the end of cutting buried in soil develops roots and later on grows to become a new rose plant. An advantage of cuttings method is that by using this method we can produce many new plants from just one plant quickly, without waiting for flowers and sexual reproduction. 

So, the correct answer is 'Stem'

Multiple choice biology flower to flower parts of flower and its functions parts of a flower basics of leaf and flower growth and development in plants

The floral bud is enclosed by which part of the flower?

  1. Sepals

  2. Petals

  3. Tepals

  4. Stamen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Floral bud is the undeveloped or embryonic shoot which is protected by the sepals during bud stage which gets mature and it forms coloured petals that helps flower to attract pollinators.

So the correct option is 'Sepals'.

Multiple choice biology flower to flower parts of flower and its functions parts of a flower basics of leaf and flower growth and development in plants

What are the characteristics associated with the flower?

  1. Green leaves

  2. Colourful petals

  3. Green sepals

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation


  1. Calyx which is considered as the outermost whorl and its unit is known as sepals and are green in colour helps in protection of bud of a flower.
  2. Corolla is the second nonessential unit and is composed of petals and are coloured which helps to attract pollinators.

So, the correct option is 'Both B and C'.

Multiple choice biology flower to flower parts of flower and its functions parts of a flower basics of leaf and flower growth and development in plants

Bell shaped flowers are found in 

  1. Maize

  2. Datura

  3. Chrysanthemum

  4. Marigold
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  1. Maize has an inflorescence of spikelets as flowers are born on an axis called rachilla surrounded by bracts.
  2. Datura flower is bell-shaped and a solitary flower.
  3. Chrysanthemum often shows solitary head inflorescence.
  4. Marigold has spike inflorescence means with short or no pedicel are elongated and unbranched peduncle.
So, the correct option is 'Datura'.

Multiple choice biology flower to flower parts of flower and its functions parts of a flower basics of leaf and flower growth and development in plants

Flower is the part of the plant which

  1. Forms the vegetable

  2. Forms the fruit

  3. Contains the stamens and pistil

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The flower is considered as the modified shoot that is meant for reproduction and contains the reproductive organs stamen (male reproductive part) and pistil (female reproductive part) and after fertilization, its parts convert into fruits and vegetables as a result of reproduction.

So, the correct option is 'All of the above'

Multiple choice biology flower to flower parts of flower and its functions parts of a flower basics of leaf and flower growth and development in plants

The ovary contains the small structures called as 

  1. Beads

  2. Ovules

  3. Pollens

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Carpels, pistil or gynoecium are the female reproductive part of the flower that consists of a stigma that holds the pollen grains, the style that leads the path of pollen tube and ovary produce small structures called ovules or ovum (female gamete).

So the correct option is 'Ovule'

Multiple choice biology flower to flower parts of flower and its functions parts of a flower basics of leaf and flower growth and development in plants

Plants that produce sexually do not produce flower.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
The flower is formed to begin the process of reproduction. The female parts will create an ovule, or unfertilized egg. The egg (or eggs) will remain in the ovary and wait to be fertilized. The male parts (in particular, the anther) will produce pollen, which contains the sperm needed to fertilize the egg.

So, the correct answer is 'False'.