Biology · Science General

Botany and Plant Science

4,989 Questions

Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.

Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology

Botany and Plant Science Questions

Multiple choice botany flower to flower flower: parts of a flower flower and pollination calyx and corolla importance of pollination

Colour of flower petals is due to

  1. Xanthophyll

  2. Carotenes

  3. Anthocyanin

  4. Phycoerythrin.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Anthocyanins are red or purple colored water-soluble pigments present in the plant cell vacuoles. 
  • They are responsible for the color of the flowers, fruits as well as leaves. But, phycoerythrin is a photosynthetic pigment and it is found in red algae.
  • Carotenes and Xanthophylls both are carotenoid pigments of higher plants. They are accessory photosynthetic pigments.
  • The correct option is C.

Multiple choice botany flower to flower flower: parts of a flower flower and pollination calyx and corolla importance of pollination

The male flowers of Vallisneria float on the surface of water with the help of.

  1. Boat- like structure formed by two perianth lobes

  2. Boat- like structure formed by three perianth lobes

  3. Boat formed by monotepalous perianth

  4. Two tepals forming boat - shaped float while the third smaller one functions as a rudder
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vallisneria is a submerged hydrophyte and it is a dioecious plant with the flowers borne under the water. The male flowers detach on the maturity and float on the surface of the water whereas the female flowers grow under the water. They come up to the surface with the help of their thin long stalk. 

The male flowers of Vallisneria are floating on the surface of the water, with the help of two tepals forming boat-shaped float while the third smaller one functions as a rudder.

So, the correct answer is D.

Multiple choice botany flower to flower flower: parts of a flower flower and pollination calyx and corolla importance of pollination

Which is true for inferior ovary?

  1. Hypogynous flower

  2. Thalamus form a cup shaped structure

  3. Present in chinarose and Guava

  4. Petals, sepals and stamen are situated above the ovary
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In an inferior ovary (epigynous flower), the thalamus grows upward to surround the ovary, and other floral parts (sepals, petals, stamens) are attached above the ovary.

Multiple choice biology flower and fruit flower: parts of a flower flower and pollination flower to flower

In Hibiscus rosa-sinensis there is an additional floral whorl known as

  1. Calyx

  2. Involucre

  3. Epicalyx

  4. Obdiplostemonous layer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The epicalyx is the additional whorl made up of involucre that is places exterior to the whorl of the calyx. It is found in Hibiscus rosa-sinensis.

A. Calyx is the whorl made up of sepals. It is generally present in complete, perfect and imperfect flowers.
B. Involucres are the units of epicalyx.
C. Epicalyx is the additional whorl present exterior to the calyx.
D. An obdiplostemonous layer is the layer of stamens with the outer layer of stamens opposite to the petals.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Epicalyx'

Multiple choice biology flower and fruit flower: parts of a flower flower and pollination flower to flower

The condition of free petals is called _________.

  1. Polypetalous

  2. Gamopetalous

  3. Polyphyllous

  4. Gamophyllous

  5. Apocarpous
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

When the petals of the corolla are not fused and are free, the condition is called polypetalous. 

A. The condition of free petals is called polypetalous.
B. The condition of fused petals is called gamopetalous.
C. The condition of fused tepals is called polyphyllous.
D. The condition of free tepals is called gamophyllous.
E. The condition of free carpels is called apocarpous.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Polypetalous'

Multiple choice biology flower and fruit flower: parts of a flower flower and pollination flower to flower

In Solanum nigrum, the gamopetalous corolla is

  1. Rotate

  2. Tubular

  3. Campanulate

  4. Globose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Solanum nigrum belongs to the family Solanaceae. It has fused petals called gamopetalous conditon. The Corolla looks wheel-shaped and is called rotate.

A. Rotate corolla is seen in Solanum nigrum.
B. Tubular corolla is seen in the disc florets of sunflower.
C. Campanulate corolla is seen in Campanula.
D. Globose corolla is seen in rose.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Rotate'

Multiple choice biology flower and fruit flower: parts of a flower flower and pollination flower to flower

Funnel-shaped corolla is called

  1. Campanulate

  2. Urecolate

  3. Rotate

  4. Infundibulum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The corolla can have different shapes when the petals show fusion or the gamopetalous condition. The funnel-shaped corolla is called infundibulum.

A. Bell-shaped corolla is called campanulate, e.g., Campanula.
B. Urn-shaped corolla is called urecolate, e.g., Bryophyllum.
C. Wheel-shaped corolla is called rotate, e.g., Calotropis.
D. Funnel-shaped corolla is called infundibulum, e.g., Petunia.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Infundibulum'.

Multiple choice flower and fruit flower: parts of a flower flower and pollination flower to flower

Consider the following statements.


(i) In Gynandropsis, Passiflora, etc. thalamus is elongated and shows well developed nodes and internodes.
(ii) The floral buds in Agave, Allium, etc. may sometimes get modified into vegetative buds or bulbils.
(iii) Sepals are concerned with protection of flowers in bud condition and petals help to attract insects for pollination.
(iv) Stamens and carpels serve as the male and female reproductive organs respectively.

Which of the following combinations of above statements provides an evidence that flower is a modified shoot?

  1. (i) and (ii)

  2. (ii) and (iii)

  3. (iii) and (iv)

  4. (i) and (iv)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The elongation of the thalamus (nodes and internodes) and the modification of floral buds into vegetative structures (bulbils) are classic evidences supporting the theory that a flower is a modified shoot.

Multiple choice flower and fruit flower: parts of a flower flower and pollination flower to flower

Anthers dehisce longitudinally towards the side of carpels. The condition is

  1. Introrse

  2. Extrorse

  3. Innate

  4. Centripetal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The anthers of stamens can be found facing the centre or the periphery of the flowers. When the anthers face the centre or the gynoecium and dehisce longitudinally while facing the carpel or gynoecium, the condition is called introrse. When the anthers face the periphery or the petals and dehisce away from the carpel, the condition is called extrorse.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Introrse'

Multiple choice biology flower to flower parts of flower and its functions parts of a flower basics of leaf and flower growth and development in plants

The reproductive part of a plant is:

  1. Leaf

  2. Stem

  3. Root

  4. Flower
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Flower is the reproductive part of the plant. Pistil, stamens, petals and sepals are the four main parts of the flower. Among this, pistil is the female reproductive part and it is made up of stigma, style and ovary. Stamen is the male reproductive part and it consists of filament and anther. 

So, the correct answer is 'Flower'.