Biology · Science General

Botany and Plant Science

5,038 Questions

Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.

Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology

Botany and Plant Science Questions

Multiple choice biology flower to flower parts of flower and its functions parts of a flower basics of leaf and flower growth and development in plants

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE
Match the parts in Column A with the flowers or parts of flower in Column B.

Column A Column B
(a)  Polyadelphous (i)   Polypetalous
(b)  Pollen grains (ii)   Calyx, corolla
(c)  Free petals (iii)   Nectar
(d)  Non-essential (iv)   Bombax
(e)  Sweet fragrant fluid (v)   Pollen sac

  1. a-v, b-iv, c-iii, d-ii, e-i

  2. a-i, b-ii, c-iii, d-iv, e-v

  3. a-iv, b-v, c-i, d-ii, e - iii

  4. a-ii, b-v, c-i, d-iv, e-iii
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Free petals - Polypetalous 

Polyadelphous - Bombax
 Pollen grains - Pollen sac
Non-essential - Calyx, corolla
Sweet fragrant fluid - Nectar
So, the correct answer is 'a-iv, b-v, c-i, d-ii, e - iii'

Multiple choice biology the flower pollination and its types germination sexual reproduction in plants

Select erroneous pair


(A) Sweet potato - Bisexual flower
(B) Castor - Endospermic seed
(C) Vallisneria - Monoecious
(D) Zostera - Hypo hydrophily
(E) Poppy - multi carpellary apocarpous gynoecium.

  1. A & B

  2. B & D

  3. C & E

  4. A & D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Sweet potato is a root tuber, not a flower; Castor has endospermic seeds; Vallisneria is dioecious; Zostera is marine and exhibits epi-hydrophily. The pair A and D contains errors.

Multiple choice biology the flower pollination and its types germination sexual reproduction in plants

................... is not unisexual flower.

  1. Coconut

  2. Papaya

  3. Gulmohar

  4. Water-melon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Unisexual flowers only have either the gynoecium or the androecium. Example of unisexual flowers are : Coconut, Papaya, Watermelon.

Bisexual flowers have both gynoecium and androecium.
Examples of bixesual flowers are : Hibiscus, Gulmohar, etc.
So the correct answer is ' Gulmohar'.

Multiple choice biology the flower pollination and its types germination sexual reproduction in plants

Which of the following is not an unisexual flower ? 

  1. Coconut

  2. Papaya

  3. Gulmohor

  4. Maize
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

 A flower that possesses either stamens or carpels but not both. are called a unisexual flower. coconut, maize, and papaya are unisexual flowers because at their development stage they either posses stamen or carpels. so, 'the correct option is Gulmohar'.

Multiple choice biology the flower pollination and its types germination sexual reproduction in plants

Flowers which have stamens and pistils are called as

  1. Incomplete flowers

  2. Complete flowers

  3. Unisexual flowers

  4. Homosexual flowers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  1. A flower that lacks one or two of the four whorls is an incomplete flower.
  2. A complete flower has all four whorls calyx, corolla, stamens, and pistil are present.
  3. A unisexual flower has one of the reproductive organ either stamen or pistil is present.
  4. Homosexual flowers are not probable
So the correct option is "Complete flowers".

Multiple choice biology the flower pollination and its types germination sexual reproduction in plants

A complete flower produces

  1. Stamens

  2. Pistils

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A flower has four different whorls has calyx, corolla, stamen (male part) and pistil (female part) and if both reproductive parts are present in a flower than it is considered to be a complete flower.

So the correct option is "Both A and B".

Multiple choice biology the flower pollination and its types germination sexual reproduction in plants

Flowers are unisexual in.

  1. Cyathium

  2. Thyrsus

  3. Verticillaster

  4. Cyme
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • A unisexual flower is a flower that possesses either stamens or carpels. Cyathium looks like a single flower. 
  • It has a cup-shaped involucre formed by bracts encloses a single female flower and a number of male flowers.  
  • Thus it has unisexual flowers with each male flower are as a single stamen while a single pistil represents a female flower. 
  • Also, it is a type of cymose inflorescence. Other options are not as unisexual.
  • The correct option is A.

Multiple choice biology the flower pollination and its types germination sexual reproduction in plants

The number of whorls present in a bisexual flower is

  1. One

  2. Three

  3. Two

  4. Four
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A bisexual flower is a flower that contains all the four whorls such as petals, sepals, the male reproductive structure (stamen) and female reproductive structure (pistil). Hence it is also called as a complete or perfect flower. Thus the correct answer is 'Four'.

Multiple choice biology the flower pollination and its types germination sexual reproduction in plants

The flowers are composed of 

  1. Petals, sepals, filament and carpel

  2. Sepals, petals, stamen and pistil

  3. Sepals, petals, anther and pistil

  4. Petals, sepals, ovary and anther
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The whorl of the flower are differentiated into two categories essential and non-essential whorl and are consists of 

  1. Calyx which is considered as the outermost whorl and its unit is known as sepals and are green in colour helps in protection of flower.
  2. Corolla is the second nonessential unit and is composed of petals and are coloured and helps to attract pollinators.
  3. Stamens or androecium are the male reproductive part and responsible for the production of pollen grains (male gamete).
  4. Carpels, pistil or gynoecium are the female reproductive part and produce ovum (female gamete).

So, the correct option is 'Sepals, petals, stamen, and pistil'.

Multiple choice biology the flower pollination and its types germination sexual reproduction in plants

The female flowers are composed of the 

  1. Pistil, style and ovary

  2. Anther, stigma and filament

  3. Ovary, style and stigma

  4. Ovule, anther and stigma
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Carpels, pistil or gynoecium are the female reproductive part of the flower that consists of a stigma that holds the pollen grains, a style that leads the path of pollen tube and ovary produce ovum (female gamete). The flower that has the only pistil is referred to as female flower.

So, the correct option is 'Ovary, style and stigma'

Multiple choice biology the flower pollination and its types germination sexual reproduction in plants

Choose the correct statement from the following.

  1. Cleistogamous flowers always exhibit autogamy

  2. Chasmogamous flowers always exhibit geitonogamy

  3. Cleistogamous flowers exhibit both autogamy and geitonogamy

  4. Chasmogamous flowers never exhibit autogamy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cleistogamous flowers (that do not open at all) always exhibit autogamy, whereas chasmogamous flowers(with exposed anthers and stigma) can exhibit autogamy, geitonogamy or xenogamy.

Multiple choice biology the flower pollination and its types germination sexual reproduction in plants

The male flowers are 

  1. The flowers which contain only the anther

  2. The flowers which contain the stamen

  3. The flowers which contain filament

  4. The flowers which contain only the pistil
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Stamens or androecium are the male reproductive part  contains filament which is aslender stalk and anther is bilobed and responsible for the production of pollen grains (male gamete).The flower with stamens is referred to as male flower.

So the correct option is "The flowers which contain the stamen".

Multiple choice biology the flower pollination and its types germination sexual reproduction in plants

Statement $1$ : Unisexual flowers are either staminate flowers or pistillate flowers.
Statement $2$ : Both monoecious and dioecious plants have unisexual flowers.

  1. Both statement $1$ and $2$ are correct
  2. Statement $1$ is correct but statement $2$ is incorrect
  3. Statement $1$ is incorrect but statement $2$ is correct
  4. Both statement $1$ and $2$ are incorrect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In flowering plants, the unisexual male flower is staminate, i.e., bearing stamens, while the female flower is pistillate i.e., bearing pistils. In some flowering plants, both, and female may be present on same individual (monoecious) or on separate individuals (dioecious).

So, the correct option is 'Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect'.

Multiple choice biology the flower pollination and its types germination sexual reproduction in plants seed germination seeds - structure and germination

Root system grows from

  1. Embryo of seed

  2. Radicle of embryo

  3. Plumule of embryo

  4. Coleoptile
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Roots system develops from the radicle of the embryo because in seed, the radicle grows downward into the soil to absorb water and nutrients from the soil.

So, the correct option is 'Radicle of embryo'.