Biology · Science General

Botany and Plant Science

4,989 Questions

Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.

Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology

Botany and Plant Science Questions

Multiple choice botany indian botanical gardens and herbarium importance of herbarium taxonomic aids taxonomy and systematic botany botanical gardens in india

Study the following statements regarding the preparation of herbarium sheets.


(i) The plant should be collected in the flowering stage.
(ii) Every detail regarding the plant such as locality, ecological conditions, vegetative and floral characters, etc. should be noted.
(iii) Plants are evenly pressed by unfolding all the plant parts between blotting papers (or newspapers) with the help of plant pressers.
(iv) Blotting papers need not be changed until the plant gets dried.
(v) After drying, the plant specimen is carefully mounted/pasted on the herbarium sheets.
(vi) The herbarium sheet is labeled on the lower right-hand corner representing the number of plant specimens, date of collection, etc.

Which of the given statements is/are not correct?

  1. (i) only

  2. (iv) only

  3. (i) and (iv)

  4. (iii) and (iv)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Blotting papers must be changed regularly during the drying process to prevent mold and ensure proper preservation. Therefore, statement (iv) is incorrect.

Multiple choice biology the leaf plant adaptation and modification leaves leaf modification

In some __, the leaf base may become swollen and is called as __.

  1. monocots, sheathing leaf base

  2. legumes, pulvinus

  3. legumes, sheathing leaf base

  4. monocots, pulvinus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Some plants are characterized by well-developed pulvini, small swelling at the base of the leaves, on the shoots. These leaves are individually attached, flattened and helically arranged. Pulvinus facilitates growth independent movement and is common in members of Fabaceae family.

So, the correct answer is " legumes, pulvinus ".

Multiple choice biology the leaf plant adaptation and modification leaves leaf modification

The tendril of sweet pea plant is modified 

  1. Auxiliary bud

  2. Stipule

  3. Terminal leaflet of compound leaf

  4. Aerial routs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The tendril of sweet pea is a modification of the terminal leaflet of the leaf into a slender wiry and coiled structure that helps in support of the plant.

So the correct option is 'Terminal leaflet of compound leaf'

Multiple choice evs roots and leaves plant adaptation and modification leaves leaf modification root, stem, and leaves

The waxy material deposited in the casparian strip of the endodermis is

  1. Pectin

  2. Suberin

  3. Cellulose

  4. Lignin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • Suberin is a cell wall constituent that forms gas and watertight layers. It is part of the Casparian strip of the root endodermis, where it acts as a diffusion barrier between the apoplast of the root cortex and the central cylinder.
  • Suberin is present in many C4 plants as an impermeable layer between the bundle sheath and mesophyll cells.
So, the correct option is 'Suberin'.

Multiple choice evs roots and leaves plant adaptation and modification leaves leaf modification root, stem, and leaves

Leaf tip tendrils are present in

  1. Smilax

  2. Lathyrus

  3. Pisum

  4. Gloriosa
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Leaf tendrils: In weak-stemmed plants, leaf or a part of leaf gets modified into tendrils i.e., a green coiled threadlike structure which helps in climbing around the support. Gloriosa or Glory Lily has leaf tip modified into tendrils. It is also a type of leaf tendrils.
So,the correct answer is " Gloriosa " .
Multiple choice evs roots and leaves plant adaptation and modification leaves leaf modification root, stem, and leaves

Spines present on the areoles of Opuntia represent

  1. stem

  2. leaves

  3. buds

  4. phyllodes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Areoles are the evolutionary modification in the cacti. These modifications give rise to spines and glochids which are the means of self-defense. These spines effectively cover the cacti. These evolved as abortive branch buds while their spines evolved as vestigial leaves.

So, the correct answer is " leaves".

Multiple choice evs roots and leaves plant adaptation and modification leaves leaf modification root, stem, and leaves

Phyllodes are seen in
I) Nepenthes 
II) Australian acacia
III) Opuntia

  1. I only

  2. I and II only

  3. II only

  4. I and III only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Phyllodes are formed when petioles of some plants become flattened and widened. The petiole of Australian acacia is changed to a planed, leaf-like structure which turns green in color showing photosynthesis. Thus, phyllodes are found in Australian acacia.

So, the correct answer is 'II only'.
Multiple choice evs roots and leaves plant adaptation and modification leaves leaf modification root, stem, and leaves

In Duranta, axillary buds and in Carrisa the apical bud is modified into stem thorns, what is correct for Ulex? It has 

  1. Leaf tendrils and stem spines

  2. Leaf spines

  3. Stem thorns

  4. Both stem thorns as well as leaf spines
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In Duranta, axillary buds and in Carrisa the apical bud is modified into stem thorns, for ulex both stem thorns as well as leaf spines are modified.
Hence, option D is correct.

Multiple choice geography tourism europe - location, political divisions and physical features location, political and physical divisions of europe tour and travel management

 Which is the national flower of Switzerland?

  1. Lotus

  2. Rose

  3. Orchid

  4. Edelweiss
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Edelweiss,
One of the best known European mountain flowers, belongs to the sunflower family, Edelweiss (Leontopodium alpinum) is the national flower of Switzerland. The scientific name of the flower is Leontopodium which means "lion's paw".
This flower signifies deep love and devotion whereby men harvest the flower on daring steeps and fatal climbs to prove love and to show occasions of devotion. It’s synonymous with the alpine terrain, and those of the Alps find it a flower of purity that instills a great sense of patriotism with its meanings. The nations bound to this flower’s symbol includes regions in Austria, Germany and Switzerland. It’s short life span and remote habitation have inspired the folklore of Alps inhabitants to signify the Edelweiss with national prestige. It is Switzerland’s national flower.
Multiple choice zoology asexual reproduction sporulation reproduction in bacteria asexual reproduction in organisms

During favourable conditions, the most common mode of multiplication in Chlamydomonas is by producing

  1. Gametes

  2. Zoospores

  3. Aplanospores

  4. Hypnospores
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

When the conditions are favorable the zoospores were formed. The cell becomes no motile during the formation of zoospores and the flagella are distracted or retracted.

So the correct option is 'zoospores'.

Multiple choice botany flower to flower flower: parts of a flower flower and pollination calyx and corolla importance of pollination

Flower is a ................ organ.

  1. Reproductive

  2. Vegetative

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Flower is a reproductive organ. Essential parts of a flower include the stamens (male parts) and the carpels (female parts). It takes part in the process of pollination which results into the completion of reproduction. Pollen grains transfer from anther to carpel resulting into the formation of seeds and fruit.

Multiple choice botany flower to flower flower: parts of a flower flower and pollination calyx and corolla importance of pollination

Select the wrong statement.

  1. Persistent calyx is seen in Solanaceae

  2. Flowers are polygynous in Asteraceae

  3. Santonin is obtained from Artem!sia

  4. In poaceae, perianth is represented by membranous scales called ridicules
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Asteraceae or Composite is large and it is an economically important family of flowering plants. In Asteraceae, the flowers are bracteates, sessile, complete (flower having calyx, corolla, stamens, and pistil) As well as hermaphrodite (i.e. bisexual), pentamerous (i.e. calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium), actinomorphic i.e. radial symmetry, and epigynous ovary enclosed in the receptacle with stamens. So, the correct answer is ‘Flowers are hypogynous in Asteraceae’.

So option B is correct.

Multiple choice botany flower to flower flower: parts of a flower flower and pollination calyx and corolla importance of pollination
Which part of the plant is involved in sexual reproduction?

  1. Root

  2. Flower

  3. Leaf

  4. Stem
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Flowers are used by the plants for sexual reproduction. Actually, every single part of a flower is used only for reproduction. Flowers care about making themselves beautiful for one purpose to attract a mate, and hence to reproduce.

The correct answer is B.

Multiple choice botany flower to flower flower: parts of a flower flower and pollination calyx and corolla importance of pollination

A flower which contains only stamen or only pistil is called as

  1. Bisexual flower

  2. Unisexual flower

  3. Unique flower

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The flower is a reproductive organ of an angiosperm plant. The typical flowers consist of sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels. A flower having both stamens as well as carpels or pistils is known as a bisexual flower. Flowers that are either staminate (means having stamens) or pistillate (having pistils only) are known as unisexual flowers. Thus the answer is unisexual flowers.

The correct option is B.