Biology · Science General

Botany and Plant Science

5,038 Questions

Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.

Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology

Botany and Plant Science Questions

Multiple choice evs developmental journey of seed seed to plants germination of seeds life within the seed

Which one of the following events takes place after in angiosperms are _______________.

  1. The pollen grain germinates on the stigma

  2. The pollen tubes enter the embryo sac

  3. Two male gametes are discharged into the embryo sac

  4. The PEN(Primary Endosperm Nucleus) develops into endosperm
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Options (a), (b) and (c) represent the events that take place before fertilisation. Primary endosperm nucleus (PEN) is formed after double fertilisation and develops into endosperm.

Multiple choice biology concept of life living organism living vs nonliving living vs non living

The growth of the root and stem in length with the help of apical meristem is called _________

  1. Primary growth

  2. Secondary growth

  3. Secondary and primary growth

  4. Reproductive growth
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Primary growth is the increase in the length of root and shoot. It is the result of cell division of apical meristem. 


So, the correct option is 'Primary growth'.

Multiple choice self pollination asexual and sexual reproduction in plants botany

Maturation of anthers and stigma at the same time is?

  1. Allogamy

  2. Xenogamy

  3. Homogamy

  4. Dichogamy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Homogamy is the condition in flowers where the anthers (male) and stigma (female) mature at the same time, which facilitates self-pollination.

Multiple choice self pollination asexual and sexual reproduction in plants botany

In cleistogamous flowers

  1. Both geitonogamy and xenogamy are not possible

  2. Only xenogamy is not possible

  3. Only geitonogamy is not possible

  4. Both geitonogamy and xenogamy are possible
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cleistogamy is a type of automatic self-pollination of certain plants that can propagate by using non-opening, self-pollinating flowers. Since geitonogamy is the fertilization of a flower by pollen from another flower on the same (or a genetically identical) plant and geitonogamy is the fertilization of a flower by pollen from a flower on a genetically different plant and it is known that a cleistogamous flower is unable to pollinate via any of these methods. So, the correct option is "A" (Both geitonogamy and xenogamy are not possible).

Multiple choice self pollination asexual and sexual reproduction in plants botany

Which of the following statement is correct?

  1. Chasmogamous flowers always exhibit geitonogamy

  2. Cleistogamous flowers always exhibit autogamy

  3. Chasmogamous flowers never exhibit autogamy

  4. Cleistogamous flowers exhibit both autogamy and geitonogamy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cleistogamous flowers remain closed throughout their development, which physically forces the pollen to land on the stigma of the same flower, ensuring autogamy. Chasmogamous flowers are open and can facilitate either self or cross-pollination.

Multiple choice self pollination asexual and sexual reproduction in plants botany

In sunflower, self pollination is avoided by _________.

  1. Protogyny

  2. Unisexuality

  3. Self sterility

  4. Protandry
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A state in androgynous frameworks that is described by the improvement of male organs or development of their items previously the presence of the relating female item hence restraining self-treatment and that is experienced generally in mints, vegetables, and composites.
So, the correct option is 'Protandry'.

Multiple choice self pollination asexual and sexual reproduction in plants botany

Match the entries in Column 1 with those of column 2 and choose the correct answer:

         Column 1(Name of pollination)         Column 2(Type of pollination)
(a) Cleistogamy (m) Insect pollination
(b) Geitonogamy (n) Bud pollination
(c) Entomophily (o) Pollination between flowers in the same plant
(d) Xenogamy (p) Wind pollination
(q) Cross pollination

  1. a-o;b-m;c-q;d-n

  2. a-m;b-q;c-n;d-o

  3. a-n;b-o;c-m;d-q

  4. a-q;b-p;c-o;d-n
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cleistogamy is the type of automatic self-pollination of certain plants. This is a form that is used to propagate plants by using self-pollinating flowers in bud state. This is also known as bud pollination.

•           Geitonogamy is the process for which the fertilization of a flower by pollen from another flower on the same plant.

•           Entomophily is the process in which pollinations are carried out by insects.

•           Xenogamy is the process of transfer of pollen grains to the stigma of a different plant. This process is cross-pollination.

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice self pollination asexual and sexual reproduction in plants botany

The condition of maturation of anthers and stigmas of the same flower simultaneously is

  1. Xenogamy

  2. Geitonogamy

  3. Allogamy

  4. Homogamy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Geitonogamy: The transfer of pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of another flower borne by the same plant.

Xenogamy: Transfer of pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of another flower borne on a different plant but belonging to the same species.

Allogamy is the deposition of pollen grains from the anther of the one flower on the stigma of another flower, either in the same plant or in a different plant of the same species.

Homogamy: It is the condition in which flowers are bisexual anther and stigma mature at the same time to make self-pollination possible. Under this condition, the stigma receives the pollen grains from the anthers of the same flower by the agency of wind or insects.

 So, the correct answer is D.

Multiple choice self pollination asexual and sexual reproduction in plants botany

The condition of maturation of stigma before anthers of the same flower is

  1. Protandry

  2. Herkogamy

  3. Protogyny

  4. Prepotency
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Protogyny is the maturation of the stigma (female part) before the anthers (male part) in the same flower. Protandry is the opposite, where anthers mature first.

Multiple choice self pollination asexual and sexual reproduction in plants botany

Consider the following with reference to sporophytic (SSI) or gametophytic (GSI) self-incompatibility systems:
1. SSI-3 celled pollen, rejection reaction on the stigma
2. GSI -2 celled pollen, rejection reaction in the style. SSI -2 called pollen, rejection reaction in the style.
3. GSI- 3 celled pollen, rejection reaction on the stigma
Which of these features are correct in the case of sporophytic gametophytic self- incompatibility systems?

  1. 1 and 2

  2. 2 and 3

  3. 2 and 4

  4. 3 and 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In Sporophytic Self-Incompatibility (SSI), pollen is typically 2-celled and rejected on the stigma. In Gametophytic Self-Incompatibility (GSI), pollen is typically 2-celled and rejected in the style.