Biology · Science General

Botany and Plant Science

5,038 Questions

Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.

Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology

Botany and Plant Science Questions

Multiple choice need of water transport in plants biology

The vascular tissue that transports food in different parts of plants is

  1. Phloem

  2. Xylem

  3. Blood

  4. Leaves
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Blood is absent in plants.

Leaf is where synthesis of food takes place.
The transport tissues in plants are xylem and phloem.

Xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to other parts of plants.
Phloem transports food in different parts of the plants.

So the correct answer is 'Phloem'.

Multiple choice need of water transport in plants biology

The passage of water and minerals is confirmly symplast in -

  1. Cortical layers

  2. Epidermis

  3. Endodermis

  4. xy cavity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The symplastic pathway involves the movement of water and minerals through the cytoplasm of interconnected plant cells via plasmodesmata. Cortical cells are connected in this way, allowing for symplastic transport.

Multiple choice senescence senescence and death plant growth plant growth and development biology

Progressive senescence occurs in

  1. Annual plants

  2. Perennial plants

  3. Biennial plants

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Senescence refers to a number of controlled processes which finally culminate in the death of the plant part. There are different forms of senescence which are observed in the plants during ageing. Progressive senescence is the form in which there is the gradual death of all the parts of the plant. The parts above the ground are affected first. This type of senescence is observed in the perennial plants.

Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

Multiple choice senescence senescence and death plant growth plant growth and development biology

Senescence and death are essential in the functioning of

  1. Sieve tubes

  2. Companion cells

  3. Both A and B

  4. Xylem and Sclerenchyma cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Senescence and death are essential to the functioning of xylem and sclerenchyma cells. Older organs when senesce and shed, their nutrient contents are withdrawn for nutrition of growing parts of the plant. Fallen leaves lead to release of mineral nutrients in soil for reuse by plants. 
So, the correct answer is 'Xylem and Sclerenchyma cells.'
Multiple choice botany nutrition in living organisms mineral transport types of transport translocation of organic solutes

State whether the following statements are true or false:
In the vascular bundle of leaf, xylem is located towards the adaxial side of the leaf.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Leaf has epidermis on both of its surfaces. The photosynthetic tissue of a leaf is sandwiched between its upper and lower epidermis and is well supplied by the vascular system. In a leaf, xylem always faces the upper epidermis i.e. the adaxial side while phloem faces both upper as well as lower epidermis.

Hence, the correct answer is 'True'

Multiple choice biology animal tissues, morphology and anatomy of cockroach specialized cells in animals tissues and types of tissues levels of organisation in animals

Ubisch bodies are connected with the formation of?

  1. Sporopollenin

  2. Intine and pollenkitt

  3. Exine

  4. Pollenkit and pollinia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
When the anther is young, at the stage of sporogenous tissue, the cells of the tapetum contain numerous spherical bodies called pro-ubisch bodies. The number of pro-ubisch bodies increases by meiosis in Pollen mother cells. These pro-ubisch bodies get coated by sporopollenin and are called ubisch bodies or orbicules. These are involved in the formation of exine of the pollen grains. Thus, the correct answer is option C, Exine.

Multiple choice botany root - external morphology zones of the root morphology of root root system in plants

Choose the incorrect statement.

  1. Epiphytic roots and Vanda has well developed root cap and root hair

  2. Tinospora and Trapa possess assimilatory roots

  3. Cuscuta is a parasitic plant

  4. Saccharum and Zea mays possess still toots
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Epiphytic roots (like those in Vanda) are hygroscopic and lack root hairs and a true root cap; instead, they possess a velamen tissue for moisture absorption. The other statements correctly describe Tinospora/Trapa, Cuscuta, and Saccharum/Zea mays.

Multiple choice botany root - external morphology zones of the root morphology of root root system in plants

Clowes observed a central cup like region of passive cells in the root tip of Zea mays which lies in between?

  1. Root cap and active root meristem

  2. Protoderm and procambium

  3. Cork cambium and quiescent centre

  4. Quiescent centre and calyptrogen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The quiescent centre is a region of inactive or slowly dividing cells located between the root cap (calyptra) and the active root apical meristem. It serves as a reservoir of cells to replace damaged meristematic cells.

Multiple choice botany root - external morphology zones of the root morphology of root root system in plants

Root cap is absent in

  1. Hydrophytes

  2. Lithophytes

  3. Xerophytes

  4. Mesophytes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Root caps are present in terrestrial plants to protect the root tip from breaking away as they grow deeper through the layers of the soil. However,the roots of hydropytes that are floating or submerged do not have to grow through the abrasive layers of soil, as the roots are floating in water or the soil is soft and water logged.

So, the correct answer is 'Hydrophytes'

Multiple choice botany root - external morphology zones of the root morphology of root root system in plants

Rearrange the following zones as seen in the root in vertical section and choose the correct options.


A. Root hair zone  B. Zone of meristems
C. Root cap zone  D. Zone of maturation
E. Zone of elongation

  1. C, B, E, A, D

  2. A, B, C, D, E

  3. D, E, A, C, B

  4. E, D, C, B, A
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The sequence of zones in a root from the tip upwards is: Root cap (C), Meristematic zone (B), Elongation zone (E), Root hair zone (A), and Maturation zone (D).

Multiple choice botany root - external morphology zones of the root morphology of root root system in plants

Read the given statements and select the correct ones.
(i) Root caps are present in prop roots. 
(ii) Pneumatophores help to get oxygen for respiration
(iii) Edible part of ginger is underground stem.
(iv) Hydrophytes usually possess a well developed root system 

  1. (i) and (ii) only

  2. (ii) and (iii) only

  3. (i), (ii) and (iii)

  4. (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Following are the correct statements: 

(i) Root caps are present in prop roots.
(ii) Pneumatophores help to get oxygen for respiration.
(iii) The edible part of ginger is the underground stem.
So, the correct answer is '(i), (ii) and (iii)'.

Multiple choice botany root - external morphology zones of the root morphology of root root system in plants

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Root nodules are formed from the cells of:

  1. epidermis

  2. cortex

  3. vascular cylinder

  4. pith
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The bacteria enter the developing nodule through a structure called an infection thread, which grows through the root hair into the basal part of the epidermal cell, and onwards into the root cortex.

So the correct answer is "cortex".

Multiple choice botany root - external morphology zones of the root morphology of root root system in plants

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Radial vascular bundles are found in:

  1. dicot root

  2. monocor root

  3. dicot stem

  4. both dicot and monocot roots
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Radial vascular bundles, where xylem and phloem are arranged in alternating radii, are a characteristic feature of the primary structure of both dicot and monocot roots.